Davallia ta jawo hankalin ta game da shaggy, launin ruwan kasa-ja-rhizom wanda yafi bakin tukunya., kuma saboda wanda ita ma ta sami sunan "ƙafar kafa".
Homelandasar mahaifin wannan tsiro mai ban sha'awa shine tropics, wanda ke bayani game da buƙatun kulawa.
A cikin Japan, ana samun Davallia a cikin daji kuma shekaru da yawa an fitar da shi daga can cikin adadi mai yawa zuwa ƙasashe daban-daban, a cikin kayan kyauta a cikin siffar biri.
Ste James Steakley
Davallia (Latin: Davallia) - wani tatsuniyar saurin-girma mai zurfi, daɗaɗɗen furucin dangi na Davalliaceae. Yankin rarrabawa na halitta galibi yana cikin yankin Asiya na wurare masu zafi, wanda aka samo a China, Japan, Polynesia da tsibirin Java, a tsibirin Canary.
Wasu nau'ikan suna rarraba ko'ina cikin al'adun, ana horar da su a cikin rufaffiyar ƙasa, galibi a cikin gidajen kore, sau da yawa kamar tsire-tsire masu girma.
Mafi shahararren sunan wannan fern shine "kafafu", wasu lokuta "ƙafafun squirrel", ko "ƙafar barewa", wanda galibi ana kiranta mafi yawan jinsunan dabbobi a cikin kayan ado - Davallia Canaria.
Davalia ɗayan manyan dabbobi ne, masu saurin girma. Sau da yawa zaɓin yakan faɗo mata yayin zabar tsire-tsire don ɗakuna.
Yawancin nau'ikan suna girma kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida, misali, Davallia dissecta, Davallia trichomanoides, Davallia dan kadan ya tumɓuke, Davallia truncatula, Davallia mai ganye mai ganye (Davallia pentaphylla) - dukansu suna da ƙwayoyin cuta mai ƙaƙƙarfan magana tare da isasshen rhizome substructure da an rufe shi da ɗimbin yawa. A cikin gidajen kore, inda tsire-tsire masu zafi ke girma, D. bullata - mazugi davallia - tilas ya zama girma a yankuna na wurare masu zafi na Asiya, lallai ne ya kasance. A cikin shagunan fure, yana da matukar wuya, tunda a cikin yanayi na cikin gida yana da wahala ka ƙirƙiri babban zafi. Tunda davallia bishiyar epiphytic ce, an haɗe ta a haɗe, wacce tsananin farin rhizomes ya rufe da launin ruwan kasa-shuɗi ko azalfar azurfa..
MPF
Siffofin
Gidaje
Haske, amma an kiyaye shi daga haskoki na rana, m inuwa; a cikin hunturu ana sa su a zazzabi na kimanin 15 C C da zafi mai zafi (kusan kashi 70%).
Zazzabi
A lokacin rani ya fi son yanayin zafi tsakanin 18-20 ° C, a cikin hunturu - kimanin 15 ° C.
Haske
Haske ya raba hasken tare da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Zai iya girma ba tare da yin shage ba kawai akan taga na gabas.
Watse
Yayi yawa a cikin bazara, matsakaici a cikin hunturu, amma kasar gona yakamata a koyaushe. Yana da kyau a shayar da ruwan da aka yanke tare da ruwan lemun tsami.
Jin zafi
Davallia bai yarda da bushewar iska ba, saboda haka an sanya tukunyar a kan wata pallet tare da yumɓu da aka kaɗa. Kyakkyawan zafi kusan 50-55%. Kuna iya fesa lokaci-lokaci daga ƙaramin bindiga mai fesawa, in ba haka ba ƙarshen wye yana launin ruwan kasa.
Taki
Ciyar da takin zamani na tsire-tsire na cikin gida na kayan ado daga Mayu zuwa Agusta a kowane mako biyu. Ana ɗaukar takin a cikin kashi biyu gwargwadon abin da mai sana'ar ya ba shi. Karka iya amfani da takin zamani kawai da ruwa don ban ruwa.
Juyawa
A shekara a cikin bazara, kawai lokacin da tushen cika tukunya duka. Shouldasa ya kamata ta ɗan ɗanɗana ruwan acidic. Ilasa - 1 ɓangaren turf na haske, 2 sassan ganye, 2 sassan ƙasa na peat, 1 yanki na gansar sphagnum da 1 ɓangaren yashi.
Kiwo
Sake buguwa galibi ta hanyar rarrabuwa ko sanyawa. A kan shaggy bunny paws ƙananan bushes masu zaman kansu sun bayyana. Yanke wani yanki na ƙafa tare da irin wannan daji, shirya cakuda ƙasa daidai daidai na ƙasa mai ganye, gansar sphagnum da yashi. Rage shi ba shi da tushe, amma ƙafafun da aka yanke ba za a nutsar da shi a cikin ƙasa ba - kawai sa shi a kan substrate kuma a hankali tura shi, za ku iya gyara shi tare da yumɓu da aka faɗa. Danshi ƙasa kuma sanya tukunya tare da sabon shuka a cikin jakar filastik. Jaka ba ta buƙatar ɗaure, kawai a daidaita ta kuma fesa ta daga ƙaramin bindigar da aka fesa sau biyu a rana, tana ƙoƙarin hana danshi mai yawa.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Tare da yawan yin amfani da ruwa, tushen ya fara jujjuyawa.
Lowarancin zafi a cikin ɗakin yana haifar da bushewar tukwici na watarana da kashinsu, sannan kuma yana taimakawa kamuwa da cuta tare da ƙwayar gizo-gizo.
Hasken rana kai tsaye yana haifar da ƙonewar shuka.
Karka yi amfani da shirye-shirye don bayar da mai sheki ga ganye.
Kada ku sa shuka a cikin kaka-hunturu, wannan yana haifar da cutar shuka.
Don haɓakar haɓakar fern, nasara dole ne a yi amfani da substrate na haske. A cikin tsire-tsire masu nauyi suna girma talauci kuma suna iya mutuwa - ƙasa soups da Tushen ba su yi girma ba.
Kulawa
Davallia sun fi son hasken da ya bazu, suna da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Mafi dacewa don girma akan windows ko yamma windows. Tsire-tsire suna iya jure wa wasu inuwa, kodayake, haɓakar su yana raguwa.
Don Davallia, mai taushi da kuzari, yawan zafin jiki shine 18-22 ° C duk shekara. Rage zafin jiki zai iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Don D. Canary a cikin hunturu, an ba shi izinin rage zafin jiki zuwa 16-18 ° C, a wannan yanayin hunturu ya fi sauƙi.
Ana shayar da Davallia sosai tare da dumi, taushi, ruwa mai tsafta, kamar yadda saman ya bushea. Watering a cikin hunturu za a iya dan kadan rage, watering rana mai zuwa bayan bushewa na saman ƙasa Layer. A shuka sosai kula to overdrying na substrate - dole ne ba za a yi haƙuri a kowace harka. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da ruwa na ruwa tare da kunkuntar hanci don kada rigar da rhizomes overgrown da rarrafe daga cikin tukunya. Zaka iya amfani da kasan ruwa.
Davallias suna kula da iska mai bushewa, sabili da haka, lokacin da suke girma, ya zama dole a dauki matakan ƙara yawan zafin jiki - a kai a kai suna fesa tsire-tsire masu laushi, ruwa mai tsafta, sanya tukwane da davallia a kan kwalliya tare da ɗigon peat ko yumɓu da aka lalace. D. Canary ba ya kula da bushewar iska.
A cikin lokacin daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba, ana ciyar da davallia tare da taki mai narkewa (1/4 - 1/3 na yau da kullun) na tsire-tsire na ornamental deciduous sau ɗaya a wata. A cikin kaka da hunturu ba sa ciyarwa - ciyar a wannan lokacin na iya haifar da mummunar cuta na shuka.
An dasa Davallia kamar kowace shekara 2, a cikin Maris-Afrilu. A matsayin madadin, zaka iya ɗaukar peat, humus humus da yashi kogin, gauraye daidai. Tukwane ya fi dacewa don ɗauka. A kasan tukunya yana samar da kyakkyawan malalewa.
Davallia za'a iya yada shi tare da guda na rhizome tare da ganye 1-2. An yi goyon bayan ƙarfe don yanki na rhizome, wanda aka sanya shi akan saman substrate. Tushen suna bayyana bayan kimanin watanni 2.
Kuna iya ƙoƙarin shuka ƙwayar murfin davallium - a cakuda peat da yashi a ƙarƙashin fim a 20-22 ° C.
Gargaɗi: spores davallium zai iya haifar da halayen asthmatic.
Dabbobi
Canary Davallia (Davallia canariensis).
Ya girma a tsibirin Canary, Gabar Iberian, a Arewacin Afirka. Perennials, hawa; rhizome madaidaiciya, lokacin farin ciki, an rufe shi da ganye mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Bar sau huɗu da aka watsa da kyau, 30-45 cm tsayi kuma 22-30 cm fadi, fata; bar sosai densely sessile, m-rhomboid, dissected, Dentate. Petiole madaidaiciya, tsawon 10-20 cm. Sporangia suna da yawa, wurare masu yawa da yawa, aka tattara atop; inuwa mai shimfiɗaɗɗen gado. Kyan ado. Ya dace da dakuna masu sanyi.
Davallia mai yawan gaske (Davallia solida).
Wurin haifuwa daga cikin nau'in sune Tsarin Malacca, Yanayin Maɓallin Malay, Polynesia, Ostiraliya. 'Ya'yan tsirrai masu hawan perennial; rhizome na bakin ciki ne, ko na ciki, wanda aka rufe shi da sikeli da ke da wuya. Ganyayyaki suna pinnate sau uku, fadi-uku, tsawon 30-50 cm kuma 15-25 cm fadi; ƙananan-lobed, ganye na layi; m a kowane lobe tare da sporangium guda; bakararre taso keya, serrated. Petiole har zuwa 30 cm tsayi, m, launin ruwan kasa. Kyawawan nau'ikan ado, wanda aka yi amfani dashi musamman azaman garken ampel. Ya dace da ɗakuna masu zafi da gumi.
Bubble Davallia (Davallia bullata).
Wurin haifuwar nau'in shine China, Japan, Asiya mai zafi. Tsirrai masu tsiro; rhizome creeping, an rufe shi da gashin launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Ganyen suna da farin ciki, sau hudu an rarraba su, 20-25 cm tsayi kuma 15 cm fadi; ganye na ganye, layi mai zurfi, dentate a gefuna. Sporangia suna saman saman lobes na ganye; inuwa mai shimfiɗaɗɗen gado. Sosai tayi kyau sosai. Girma a cikin ɗakuna masu zafi da gumi.
Zy Jerzy Opioła
