Ba shi yiwuwa a bayyana duka nau'ikan dubban daruruwan nau'ikan guna. Suna girma a ko'ina, har ma a Ingila da yankin Leningrad akwai nau'ikan kankana na zano. Tabbas, dangane da zaƙi da dandano, sun yi nisa da nau'in Turkmen da Uzbek, waɗanda suka shahara a duniya har ma da fitarwa. Koyaya, masu shayarwa sun sanya 'ya'yan itacen shuka na thermophilic a ko'ina inda akwai katako.
Yadda za a fahimci nau'ikan iri
Muhimmin fasalin da aka bashi damar yin tsiron guna shine kwanakin dabino:
- matsananci-balagagge, matasan tare da girma a cikin kasa da kwanaki 60;
- ripening, maturation a cikin kwanaki 60-70 da abun cikin sukari. daga 8 zuwa 15%;
- tsakiyar-kakar, sun tofa don kwanaki 75-100, sukari a cikinsu shine 14-15% .;
- kaka-hunturu, ya yi kwana 95-100, mai daɗi, haske, babba;
- hunturu, babba, har zuwa kilogiram 30 a nauyi, sukari har zuwa 16%, amma an adana shi cikin daki mai sanyi;
Siffar gunawar itace ellipsoidal, mai sihiri da kuma elongated kamar fil. Kashi na sama na iya zama mai santsi, raga ko riƙis. Jikin 'ya'yan itacen ya kasance cakuɗa, fari, rawaya ko shuɗi. A wasu nau'ikan, fatar jiki a hankali ta juya launin rawaya yayin ajiya.
Akwai da yawa subspepes na guna. An san shi sosai cewa 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka girma a Tsakiyar Asiya sun fi dadi. Amma daga cikinsu, ƙwayar Uzbek ita ce mafi mashahuri. An sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar abun da ke cikin ƙasa, da lokacin dumi ba tare da sanyi ba, wanda ya fara daga 193 zuwa 273 kwana a shekara.
An karɓi nau'ikan Turawa daga baya; waɗannan, yawancin su ne farkon-farfado da matsanancin matsananciyar matsanancin girke-girke, ana samun mafi yawa tare da amfani da nau'ikan Cantaloupe. A yanzu, hybrids na Turai suna samar da abun ciki na sukari har zuwa 15% tare da 'ya'yan itace lokaci na kwanakin kwanaki 55 daga ovary.
Melon iri dake ƙaunar da mazauna bazara
Kafin girma guna a cikin lambun gida na bazara, ya kamata kuyi nazarin halaye na iri-iri, kuma zaɓi zano, wato, nau'ikan halitta musamman don yanayinku. Ba za ku iya dasa iri na kudanci da kuke so a Arewa ba. Girbi ba zai yi aiki ba.
Gulaba guna shine alamar ƙasar guna - Ferghana Valley. Wannan sanannen sanannen Chardzhuy ne. An san iri-iri a cikin ƙasar, saboda ya dace da sufuri. Matsakaicin nauyin waɗannan guna shine kilogiram 3-5. Gulabi ana yin noma a cikin Turkmenistan da Uzbekistan. A iri-iri nasa ne ga marigayi ripening. Abun sukari ya kai 15%, kifin farin, farin fibrous ne. Babban adadin ɓangaren litattafan almara yana ba ku damar amfani da wannan nau'ikan melons don samun samfurin bushe da bushe.
Cantaloupe guna ko Persian ko cantaloupe suna suna bayan garin Italiya. Wannan nau'in jinsin mutanen Asiya ne, amma ya dace da wasu sharuɗɗan. Wannan nau'in ana nuna shi da ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da saman farfajiya. Hakan ya samar da nau'ikan tsiro na Turai waɗanda ke da wadataccen yanayi kuma suna jure rashin haske da zafi. Cantaloupe ɓangaren litattafan almara shine ruwan lemo, ƙanshi mai laushi, ɗan tart.
Akwai cantaloupe daga Farisa, wanda aka horar tun ma kafin zamaninmu. Ta ga mazaunan Farisa alama ce ta rana da kyau.
Guna na Turkmen wani nau'in nau'in nau'in Uzbek ne mai dab da zamani. Tana da matsakaicin matsakaiciyar tayi. Mafi yawan lokuta ana iya ganin shi tare da kwasfa na kore a cikin raga. Wajibi ne a jira cikakkiyar 'ya'yan itace sai kawai a ci. Yawancin lokaci, ana kawo berries marasa tushe a cikin yankuna na arewacin sabili da haka 'yan kaɗan ke sarrafa dandano mai dadi, yanka mai laushi mai wannan nau'in. Duhun duhu, kusan ɓawon burodi a cikin fashewa na iya zama alama ta ƙara ƙoshin lafiya. Danshi da dandano na Turkmen cikakke bashi yiwuwa a manta da shi.
Pineapple guna ko sanya suna da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ƙyalli mai nauyin kilogram biyu. A tsakiyar layi, kankana yana girma ta hanyar shuka kuma tsarin ban ruwa yana da mahimmanci. Idan bazara ne ruwa, ya kamata a kiyaye shuka daga danshi mai yawa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na iya fashewa.
Daga seedlings zuwa ripeness, game da kwanaki 100 wuce. Kwasfa wannan nau'in na bakin ciki ne, asirin yana da zaki da ƙanshi. A inji ne vigorous kuma na bukatar pinching. Rayuwar shiryayye na 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke suna da kyau, sufuri yana yiwuwa.
Guna mai launin kore ana kiransa ga mai launin kore, wanda tsawon lokaci na iya juyawa. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan suna halin shuffiyar kore ko launin toka-kore. Ana iya kama shi ko yayi kyau, m ko zagaye. Akwai irin wannan nau'in a Japan da Uzbekistan. A matsayin misalin guna kore, zaku iya ɗaukar nau'in Israila "Galia-Diamond." 'Ya'yan itacen oval ne, bawo, nama kore-fararen, mai daɗi ne mai ƙanshi. Tannins da ma'adanai suna ba da guna mai ɗanɗano kaɗan. A Uzbekistan akwai nau'ikan fure mai guna da ake kira skullcap. Yawancin suna girma ne kawai a cikin kusancin Karshi, yana kama da kankana da skullcap a waje, naman guna yana da daɗin ɗanɗano da kyau.
Melon Cinderella shine farkon cikakke iri. An ba da shawarar shuka don namo a cikin ƙananan gonaki da ƙananan rani. Da dama ripening. Lashes na kankana suna da tsawo kuma suna buƙatar tsari na girma. 'Ya'yan itacen rawaya ce mai laushi tare da raga. Yawan taro na berries shine 1-2 kilogiram. Dankin yana kusan 3 cm, ba mai dadi sosai, sukari 5-9%, amma mai daɗi da ƙanshi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari an adana su makonni uku, ana cinye su a kan tabo, kamar yadda safarar kayayyaki ya yi ƙasa. Dankin yana da tsayayya da canje-canje a zazzabi.
Melon Lada - nasara iri-iri na zaɓi Astrakhan. An daidaita da shi zuwa yanayin zafi, bushewa. Amma a cikin greenhouses, wannan iri-iri yana jin daɗi. Mahimmin kaddarorin shine rashin bayyanarsa. Rashin ruwa na yau da kullun baya haifar da fatattakar 'ya'yan itacen. Melon aphids, Ba'amurke da mildew daji ba su lalata. Yawancin suna da 'ya'yan itace zagaye masu laushi tare da raga, nauyinsu shine kilogiram 2-3. Ganyen yana dauke da sukari kusan 10%, launin ruwan kirim mai haske. Wannan iri-iri ne ƙaunar da yawa lambu.
Ribbed guna kamar wata alama ce iri-iri ne halayen cantaloupe. Zasu iya zama kore, rawaya. A cikin Ukraine akwai wani iri-iri da ake kira rilon guna. A bayyanar, waɗannan guna sun fi kama da kabewa, ana kiransu "kiba". Guna cikakke cikakke an fi ɗaukar shi, mai daɗin ƙanshi da Berry a cikin Ukraine.
Gwanin Uzbek na buƙatar kwatancin musamman. Sama da nau'ikan 100 ana noma su ne a yankin da aka kasu kashi 6, a kowane sun fi son nau'ikan su. Yankunan da wasu nau'ikan guna sun girma a cikin yanayi ya kasu:
- Tashkent.
- Samarkand.
- Bukhara.
- Khorezm.
- Ferghana
- Kudu.
Ya danganta da aikin hasken rana, yawan ranakun share fage a cikin shekara guda, yanayin zafi yakan shuka iri-iri da aka daidaita. Ana fitar da kayayyaki masu inganci zuwa wasu ƙasashe.
Daga cikin nau'ikan da yawa, guna-gwai ko da yaushe torpedo ne, a cewar Mirzachulskaya na gida, Basvaldi kore da sauransu.
Akwai nau'ikan da ɗanɗano za su iya jin daɗin kawai a cikin gida. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu taushi ne, mai laushi kuma ba a ajiye su. Wasu kuma suna zuwa teburin Sabuwar Shekara. Yanayin da ya dace, ƙasa mai dacewa ta haifar da yanayi mai kyau don canza ƙarfin rana da ƙasa zuwa samfurin warkarwa, wanda aka ambata a cikin Baibul. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda aka girma a wasu yanayin yanayin ƙasa ba su da ƙima ga guna da aka tsiro a cikin Uzbekistan.
