Lambun

Nawa shuka kayan lambu don iyali?

A cikin abincin mutum da girmamawa ga lafiyarsa, babban rawar mallakar kayan lambu ne. Yawan jama'ar duniyarmu suna amfani da kayan lambu fiye da 1200 don abinci, wanda yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan suna wakiltar dangi 9, gami da nau'ikan tsirrai 690. A zahiri, a cikin kasashen da ke da yanayin dumin yanayi, ire-iren kayan lambu suna da yawa fiye da yadda ake samu a jihohin da ke da yanayin sanyin yanayin yawanci da yanayin rashin yarda ga tsirrai.

Ka shuka kayan lambu daga lambun su ka girbe su
  • Yawan nau'in kayan lambu da aka girma a wasu ƙasashe
  • Yawan adadin kayan lambu da mutum daya a shekara
  • Tsarin Gina Lamari mai wayo
  • Misalin yin lissafin adadin da ake buƙata na fure barkono mai zaki a kowace iyali
  • Yawan amfanin gona kayan lambu kg / sq.m.

Yawan nau'in kayan lambu da aka girma a wasu ƙasashe

KasarYawan nau'ikan kayan lambu
Japan100
Kasar China80
Indiya60
Koriya50
Rasha40

Ba za a tabbatar da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya na kayan shuka ba, gami da kayan lambu. Kayan lambu ne na mutane tushen tushen bitamin da ba a samu a wasu abinci ba kuma jiki bai samar da shi ba. Kayan lambu suna dauke da carbohydrates, acid Organic, enzymes, salts ma'adinai da sauran abubuwa masu mahimmanci don kula da haɓaka rayuwar ɗan adam.

Idan kun juya zuwa bayanan WHO, to, tare da abinci mai gina jiki na yau da kullun, mutum yana buƙatar cin 400 g na kayan lambu a kowace rana, gami da 70-80% sabo. A cikin rayuwa mai amfani, yawancin jama'ar Rasha da ƙasashen CIS sau da yawa suna yin abubuwa daban - "komai yana cikin banki, akan tebur a cikin hunturu." Yawancin samfuran tsire-tsire sun iyakance ga sunaye 10-15, kodayake ana bada shawarar mafi ƙarancin 40.

Yawan adadin kayan lambu a kowace shekara shine kilogram 130-140, amma kashi 10% na thean Rasha ne kawai ke da damar kuma suna cin irin wannan kayan kayan lambu. 40% na yawan jama'a suna amfani da kayan kayan lambu a cikin abinci sau 2 ƙasa da na al'ada, yayin da wasu ma ba su da ƙasa.

Magungunan sun haɓaka bayanai masu nuna alama game da yawan ɗan adam na samfuran kayan lambu 43 a kowace shekara (Tebur 2). Abubuwan da suke amfani dasu na daidaituwa da bambancin jinsi na iya samar da jiki tare da abubuwa masu mahimmanci masu mahimmanci kuma suna kiyaye lafiya. A zahiri, tare da raguwa cikin jerin wasu kayan lambu da aka cinye, ka'idar ragowar kayan lambu yana ƙaruwa. A cewar wasu rahotanni, yawan tumatir a kowace shekara mutum 25-32 kg, wake da koren wake har zuwa 7-10 kg, cucumbers har zuwa kilogiram 13.

Yawan adadin kayan lambu da mutum daya a shekara

Sunan al'adaYawan, kg / shekara
Tumatir11,0
Farin kabeji17,0
Farin kabeji10,0
Kabeji Savoy5,0
Brussels tsiro1,0
Pekin kabeji1,0
Cak kabeji0,5
Kohlrabi kabeji4,5
Broccoli0,1
Salatin5,0
Salatin Dankalin Salatin6,25
Gherkins Cucumbers5,0
Barkono mai dadi6,0
Kwairo5,0
Chives0,2
Albasa9,5
Leek1,0
Tafarnuwa1,7
Peas4,0
Peas7,0
Wake (kwafsa)3,0
Wake7,0
Kankana5,0
Melon3,0
Beetroot6,0
Karas10,0
Tushen Seleri2,6
Ganyen Seleri0,2
Alayyafo3,8
Faski2,0
Dill0,05
Ganyen tsirrai1,2
Bishiyar asparagus0,5
Faski0,3
Radish1,3
Radish1,0
Masara0,3
Suman1,0
Courgettes, squash5,0
Horseradish0,2
Nightshade0,1
Rhubarb0,1
Dankali120,0

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ƙididdigar amfani da kayan lambu sun fara canzawa don mafi kyau. Yawancin dalilai (tattalin arziki, siyasa, da sauransu) suna ba da gudummawa ga wannan, gami da yiwuwar samun ƙananan ɗakunan rani inda tabbas tabbas mallakar gonan shine.

Sabon shiga lambu (kuma ba kawai sabon shiga ba) nan da nan suna fuskantar tambayar: kayan lambu nawa ake buƙatar haɓaka don samarwa da dangin kayan amfanin gona daga girbi zuwa girbi. Wataƙila kada a yi ba tare da lissafin ba. Sabili da haka, a cikin rubutaccen lambun ku, kuna buƙatar shigar da bayanan da ake buƙata kuma ku aiwatar da ƙididdigar masu sauƙi:

  • Da farko kuna buƙatar zaɓi daga albarkatun kayan lambu waɗanda aka ba da shawarar waɗanda za su iya girma su kuma ba da amfanin gona a yankinku (a cikin takin ƙasa, a ƙarƙashin mafaka, a cikin ƙasa buɗe).
  • A cikin jerin albarkatun da aka zaɓa, zaɓi waɗanda waɗanda babban haɓaka da manyan abubuwan abinci keɓaɓɓu na jiki ke buƙata.
  • Na waɗannan, bar jerin abubuwan al'adun da ke buƙatar ƙaramar kulawa. In ba haka ba, lambun zai juya zuwa wani yanki na kwari, da kuma lambu - a cikin "bayi". Irin waɗannan albarkatun gona za a buga masu abubuwan 10-15. Za su kafa tushen al'adun ku. Wani amfanin gona 4-5 na iya girma a wajen gadajen lambun (dankali, furanni, kabewa, da sauransu).

Mafi girman sashi na lissafin, tare da sassauƙa, shine lissafin menu yau da kullun, gami da kayan lambu. Mene ne girma na 400 g kayan lambu a rana? Masu bincike da ƙwararrun abinci mai gina jiki sun lura cewa lokacin cinye adadin kuzari 2,000 a rana, menu dole ne ya haɗa da kofuna waɗanda 2 na kayan lambu guda biyu a rana (mita mai dacewa). Gilashin ganye na ganye ba tare da tamping (yankakken, yankakken ba) shine kusan 50 g (duba nauyin akan sikelin) kuma ƙididdige adadin kayan lambu a kowace rana a kowace iyali. Rarraba wannan taro don amfani sabo da dafa abinci na farko da na biyu (miyar, borscht, biredi, salatin, kayan zaki, da sauransu). Waɗannan ƙididdigar za su taimaka tsaya ga kayan abinci na yau da kullun a cikin abincin yau da kullun dangi.

Tabbas, ƙididdigar tana da alama, tun da kowane iyali yana da nasa damar amfani da kayan kayan lambu (tsarin iyali, abubuwan zaɓin dandano, yanki da yankin zama, da dai sauransu). Kuma duk da haka, idan kuna da gidan rani ko kuma lambun, zaku iya ba wa danginku kayan lambu a cikin lokacin dumi da kayan lambu mai sanyi a cikin sanyin, wanda kusan kiyaye dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki ke gudana.

Farkon girbi daga gonar

Tsarin Gina Lamari mai wayo

Kafin zuwa filin filin bazara-bazara (ya fi kyau a yi wannan a cikin hunturu, da maraice), rubuta gonar girbi ta albarkatu. Matsayi gadaje don matattarar kayan lambu na kayan lambu - amfanin gona kore (radishes, albasa a kan gashin tsuntsaye, salatin ganye, seleri, faski, da sauransu). Zasu yi iyakar gado 2. Haka kuma, ana iya yin shuka su da yawa. Ya isa don amfani sabo, da daskarewa a lokacin sanyi.

Alama wurin yin makircin a kan zane na lambu (ɗakunan weji, gadaje daban a sassa daban-daban na gida lokacin rani, gadaje kayan lambu, da sauransu). Lissafa yankin duka a ƙarƙashin lambun, gami da gadaje da hanyoyi, da gadaje ɗaya. Za'a iya shirya gadaje na lambun a cikin weji na lambu a cikin hanyoyi 2: a cikin nau'i na adadi na kusurwa ko a kewayen tsarin ban ruwa.

Lokacin ƙirƙirar gadaje a cikin nau'i na rectangles, an sanya su a kan ɗakin da aka tsara, wuri mai cike da haske. Kyakkyawan nisa na gadaje kusan mita 0.8-1.0, tsawon yayi sabani ne, dacewa ga mai shi. Tare da waɗannan masu girma dabam, ana sarrafa tsire-tsire masu dacewa daga ɓangarorin biyu ba tare da zuwa gado da kanta ba. Hanyoyin da ke tsakanin gadaje ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 60-80 cm ko faɗin katako na lambu, naúrar.

A kusa da lambun yana barin wata hanyar akalla 1.0-1.2 m, don dacewa don aiwatar da duk ayyukan da aka inganta, gami da cire kayan, sharar shuka, da sarrafa gadaje. Wasu lambu suna yin kamar haka: faɗin gadaje masu aiki da hanyoyi tsakanin su an bar ɗaya nisa. Ana zubar da sako a kan waƙoƙin lokacin bazara. Shekaru da yawa, hanyoyin suna tara kwayoyin halitta sannan kuma bayan shekaru 3-4-5, hanyoyi da gadaje suna yin musanya.

Tsarin madauwari na gadaje zai rage adadin wuraren "wofi" zuwa gadaje masu nisa tare da katako, matattarar ban ruwa, da sauransu. Ragowar ma'aunin an ƙaddara ta mai shi, gwargwadon yankin da aka bayar don gonar.

Yi zurfin tunani da yin lissafi (dangane da yawan amfanin gona na 1 na shuka ko daga 1 m. M dasa shuki) yawan tsirrai na kowane amfanin gona daga waɗanda aka tsara don namo. Don yin wannan, lokacin sayen tsaba ko bisa ga kundin kayan lambu na shekara-shekara na kayan lambu, gano da rubutu a cikin jerin bayanan gonar kimanin yawan amfanin gona na daji.

Misalin yin lissafin adadin da ake buƙata na fure barkono mai zaki a kowace iyali

Girbi barkono mai zaki, ya danganta da iri-iri, nau'ikan kilogiram 0.6-0.8 akan 'ya'yan itaciya ɗaya (ƙari daidai, zaku iya rubuta takamaiman nau'ikan daga jerin kundin). 6 kg na zaki da barkono ana sakawa mutum a kowace shekara. Iyalin mutane 4 zasu buƙaci kilogiram 24 na zaki da barkono. Lokacin girbi daga daji 1 kilogram 0.8 a kowace iyali, bushes 30 na barkono mai zaki zasu buƙaci dasa shi. Tsire-tsire suna saukin kamuwa da cututtuka, mummunar sakamakon rikice-rikicen yanayi (sanyi, ƙanƙara, lokacin rani tare da fogs da ƙananan yanayin zafi, da dai sauransu). Mutanenmu koyaushe suna yin komai tare da gefe. 30ara 30% na bushes ba yanayi ne da ba a tsammani ba da kuma lokacin girbi hunturu, wanda zai zama sauran bushes 10. Saboda haka, gado mai barkono mai zaki zai zama bushes 40 na launuka iri ɗaya ko a cikin ɗab'i mai ɗammani (yana da kyau a sayi wuri da wuri, na tsakiya da na marigayi) na kusan 8-10 bushes kowane.

A kan gado na 80 cm m barkono za a iya dasa a cikin 2 layuka, barin wani matsakaici jere jerawa na 30 cm, gefe - 10 cm kowane, ko zaɓi wani shuka tsari dace domin m jiyya. Tare da nesa a jere tsakanin barkono 25-30 cm, gado zai ɗauki tsawon 5 m.

Bayan an ba da labarin, ta haka, yanki don duk amfanin gona, za ku yi mamakin lambun ciyayi wanda ke ciyar da dangin gabaɗaya tare da sabo kayan lambu kuma har yanzu kuna iya yin shirye-shiryen hunturu. Ba za a yi buƙatar yin wani aikin da ba dole ba sannan a jefa kayan ɓoye, ciyayi da sauran sharar cikin tarin takin.

'Yan lambu waɗanda ke da ɗimbin yawa suna yawan lissafin amfanin gona ta 1 sq M sannan sai a sake tara adadin kayan lambu da ake buƙata na shekara guda. Lokacin sake karantawa, tabbatar cewa ƙara 5-10% na samfurin zuwa asarar ajiya da sarrafa sharar gida.

Gwangwani na gwangwani barkono daga lambun

Yawan amfanin gona kayan lambu kg / sq.m.

Sunan al'adaYawan aiki, kg / sq. m
Peas da wake0,5-2,5
Karas da beets4,0-6,0
Kabeji na Farko2,0-4,0
Farin kabeji na tsakiya da na marigayi4,0-6,0
Farin kabeji1,0-1,5
Albasa da tafarnuwa1,5-2,5
Kokwamba da squash2,0-2,5
Zucchini3,0-3,5
Tumatir2,0-4,0
Green (letas, alayyafo, ganye na faski,1,0-2,0
Turnip da radish1,6-2,5
Parsnip, tushen seleri2,0-4,0
Dankali2.0-5.0 kuma ƙari
Barkono mai dadi4,0-6,0
Kwairo7,0-9,0

Za a iya haɗu da albarkatun kore a cikin lambun prefabricated tare da amfanin gona da aka haɗa. Za a iya raba gado mai girma zuwa sassa. Raba duk gadojin 5-mita zuwa sassan 50-60 cm (sassa). Muna samun makirci don amfanin gona 10. Za a iya aiwatar da amfanin gona a cikin lokatai da yawa cikin kwanaki 8 zuwa 8 - 15 dangane da amfanin gona ko kuma ana iya kirga ta amfani da kayan kwalliya da kuma halayen amfanin gona na kayan lambu (tsayayyun ɗimbin yawa, yawan amfanin ƙasa daga daji, yawan amfanin gonar murabba'in M, samun 2 girbin kayan lambu na farko da ake shukawa da wuri daga lambun a kowace kakar). Tsarin aiki mai ma'ana na lambun zai 'yantar da babban ajiyar lokacin hutu, samar da mafi kyawu, ƙarin kulawa mai kyau ga tsirrai (kuma wannan zai kara yawan amfanin gona). Vacasar da ba ta da yawa za a iya barin zuwa sod (ƙasa za ta huta) ko sanya lawns, hutawa hutu, da dai sauransu.

Hankali! Rubuta a cikin bayanan yadda amfanin gona na kayan lambu don danginku kuke shukawa akan rukunin gidanku?