Gwada yana daya daga cikin kwari mafi yawan kwari na kayan ado, kayan gona da na gida. Wataƙila, bazai yuwu a faɗi sunan ɗan shuka ɗaya ba wanda wasu nau'in waɗannan kwari ba zasu ciyar ba. A cikin yanayin manyan gonaki na greenhouse ko kusan ba shi yiwuwa ya hallaka thrips. A cikin mafi kyawun yanayi, an rike lambobin su a matakin da ba zai iya shafar katun kasuwancin kayayyakin sayarwa ba (furanni, ko 'ya'yan itatuwa).
Thrips, ko kumburi (lat. Thysanoptera).
Fasali na thrips kamar yadda kwari kwari
Thrips, ko kumburi (Lat. Thysanoptera) - ƙananan kwari gama gari akan duk nahiyoyi. Kimanin nau'ikan 2000 na mallakar sama da ɗari ɗari sanannu ne. A cikin sararin bayan Soviet, akwai sama da nau'ikan 300.
Jikin thrips yana da tsawo, tsawonsa daga 0.5 zuwa 14 mm (yawanci 1-2 mm). Gashin jikin mutum na nau'in sokin-tsotsa nau'in. Kafafu na yawancin nau'ikan suna santsi, suna gudana. Paws suna da hakori da kuma vesicular na'urar. Haɓakawa yana faruwa kamar haka: kwai, tsutsa, pronymph, nymph, imago. Larvae da nono suna da shekaru da yawa.
Canza launin kwari da ba a ɗauka ba daidai ba: launin baƙi, launin toka da launin ruwan kasa sun fi rinjaye. Larvae na thrips su ne fari-rawaya, launin toka-toka.
Gano nau'in nau'in thrips yana da wahala saboda ƙananan girman su da bambancin intraspecific. Mafi na yau da kullun sune bambance-bambancen abubuwa, kayan ado, dracenic, rosé, taba, ƙamshin wuta da wasu nau'ikan thrips.
Ganye na microcarp ficus wanda ya shafi thrips.
Da yawa ɗari jinsunan kananan herbivorous thrips yanzu dauke da matukar hatsari karin kwari da tsire-tsire girma. Suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ganye, furanni da' ya'yan itatuwa, suna ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma suna ƙazantar da tsirrai tare da rufinsu. Yawancin nau'ikan thrips suna halin halin ɓoyewa da haɓaka ƙungiyar larvae. Thrips na iya kasancewa akan tsirrai ɗaya ɗaya kawai tsakanin ƙungiyar baki ɗaya, saboda haka yana da wuya a gano ainihin yanayin kamanninsu.
Yanayin shuka lalacewa tare da thrips
Larvae da girma thrips tsotse fitar da sel ruwan itace daga shuka nama. Da farko, wannan yana haifar da bayyanar launin rawaya ko rami mai ratsa jiki, ratsi ko yalwataccen yanayi; sannu a hankali waɗannan shanyewar abubuwa da aibobi suka haɗa. Abubuwan da aka lalata daga ƙwayar shuka ya mutu, ramuka suna haifar saboda haka; ganye Fade kuma fadi. Furanni suna rasa tasirin kayan ado kuma sun faɗi da wuri.
A lokacin jujjuyawar taro akan tsire-tsire, ana iya ganin faci na “silvery”, ana saurin huɗun sawu. Lalacewar furewar fure yana haifar da lalacewar furanni. Abubuwa masu yawa na nuna alamun shakatawa.
Alamomin waje na thrips akan ficus na microcarp.
Thrips suma suna cikin haɗari a cikin cewa su masu ɗaukar cututtukan tsire-tsire masu haɗari. Yawancin thrips sune polyphages, wato, suna lalata kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire.
Yin rigakafin
Nessaci matsanancin iska a cikin ɗakin ko greenhouse dole ne a guji shi. An bada shawara don shirya tsire-tsire na lokaci-lokaci.
A kai a kai bincika furanni da ganyayyaki. A underside na ganye zaka iya ganin haske (fari-rawaya ko launin toka) reshe na bango mai ƙarfi, wanda, duk da haka, ya sami damar motsawa da sauri. Hakanan zaka iya samun tsofaffi, launin ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda ko launin shuɗi, wasu lokuta tare da ratsi mara wuya.
Tarkunan daɗaɗɗa - rawaya na shuɗi ko rawaya na takarda da ke rataye tsakanin tsirrai - suna taimakawa ba wai kawai gano wannan kwaro a lokaci ba, har ma don rage lambarta.
Muhimmi: A sauƙaƙe an dasa wasu ƙwayoyi daga tsiron da abin ya shafa ga masu lafiyayyen da ke tsaye kusa da nan.
Hanyoyi don magance thrips
Thrips ne musamman kwari karin kwari! Sun yi saurin-sauri - a mafi kyawun yanayin zafi a gare su (kuma ga yawancin nau'ikan wannan yanayin zafin jiki ne kawai - + 20 ... + 25 ° C) za su iya ninka lambobin su a cikin kwanaki 4-6.
Idan an samo thrips akan tsire-tsire, wajibi ne a bincika tsire-tsire kusa, tun da sauƙin thrips za a iya tura shi zuwa ga tsire-tsire makwabta.
Flower na zucchini buga by thrips.
Idan za ta yiwu, zai fi kyau ka ware tsire-tsire masu cutar daga waɗanda suke da lafiya. Canja wurin tsire-tsire a hankali: lokacin girgiza tsire-tsire masu canzawa, lardin larri na thrips da tsofaffi sauƙin fada daga ganyayyaki kuma suna iya jira na dogon lokaci don yanke shawara akan tsire-tsire kuma.
Wurin da tsire-tsire ya shafa na thrips ya kamata a tsabtace shi sosai, kuma za a cire farkon matakin cakuda ƙasa a cikin tukwane daga tsire-tsire da aka bi da shirye-shiryen.
Kafin magani tare da maganin kashe kwari, wanke shuka a cikin shawa. Idan a wannan lokacin ba ku da maganin kashe kwari, to, zaku iya wanke shukar tare da soso tare da sabul ɗin wanki, kodayake, wannan gwargwado ne na ɗan lokaci, kuma baya samar da cirewar thrips.
Thrips sarrafa sunadarai
- Fitoverm: narke 2ml a cikin 200 ml na ruwa. Don fesa shuka da abin ya shafa tare da mafita, bayan an fesa, sai a saka jakar filastik a fili, ana iya cire ta a rana.
- Vertimek: narke 2.5 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin 10 l na ruwa. Don fesa tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa tare da sakamakon da aka haifar, bayan fesawa, saka jakar filastik mai haske akan tsire, ana iya cire jakar a cikin rana.
- Agravertine: Yawan amfani: 5 ml da 0.5 l na ruwa. A yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa + digiri 18, ya ratsa cikin kyallen tsirrai. Don fesa tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa tare da sakamakon da aka haifar, bayan fesawa, saka jakar filastik mai haske akan tsire, ana iya cire jakar a cikin rana.
- Actelik: narke ampoule a cikin lita 1 na ruwa (yana da ƙanshi mai wari sosai). Don fesa tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa tare da sakamakon da aka haifar, bayan fesawa, saka jakar filastik mai haske akan tsire, ana iya cire jakar a cikin rana.
- Karate: adadin amfani: 0.5 ml a kowace lita 2 na ruwa (a cikin ampoule na 2 ml).
- Confidor: maganin ba dole ne a yayyafa shi ba, amma ya zube a kan abin da ya shuka.
- Karbofos: yawan amfani: 15 g a kowace lita 2. ruwa (fakitoci na 60 da 30 grams).
- Intavir: Yawan amfani: kwamfutar hannu 1 ta narke a cikin lita 10. ruwa. Don fesa tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa tare da sakamakon da aka haifar, bayan fesawa, saka jakar filastik mai haske akan tsire, ana iya cire jakar a cikin rana.
Adult da thrips larvae.
Ya kamata a aiwatar aƙalla sau biyu tare da tazara daga 7-10 kwanaki, kamar yadda larvae a hankali ƙyanƙyashe daga qwai dage farawa a cikin ganyen kwai.
Folk magunguna a kan thrips
Magunguna daban-daban na jama'a suna taimakawa tare da karamin rauni na shuka tare da thrips, amma idan cutar ta kasance mai yawa, to lallai ya zama dole a sanya magungunan kwari iri daban-daban da suka shiga cikin tsiro kuma suyi aiki da ƙwayar bishiyoyin akan thrips.
Ana amfani da kayan ado: mustard mustard, mustard mustard, barkono chilli, taba mai zaƙi, yarrow, celandine babba.
Baya ga kashe kwari a cikin yaƙi da thrips, za a iya amfani da kwari m: Amblyseius kukeris, Amblyseius barken, Amblyseius degenerans, kwari kwari Orius laevigatus, Orius majusculus.
