Brassavola (Brassavola) - asalin halittar herbaceous perennials na gidan Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae). Halittar yana da nau'ikan 17 zuwa 20 bisa ga tushen daban-daban. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, waɗannan epiphytes (girma akan bishiyoyi) da lithophytes (girma akan dutse da duwatsu) ana samun su a Tsakiyar Amurka, Venezuela, Mexico, Columbia. Za'a iya samun nau'ikan wannan nau'in biyu a cikin Panama.
Babban bayani
Hannun halittar suna an girmama shi don girmamawa ga Sr. Antonio Musa Brassavola babban mutumci ne kuma masanin ilimin botanist daga Venice, wanda ya rayu a karni na 16. An bayyana nau'ikan farko a cikin 1813 kuma tun daga wannan lokacin brassavols sun bazu zuwa tarin tarin gida da na lambun da yawa daga masu noman fure, har zuwa lambunan botanical. Wannan rarrabuwa yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin daidaituwa na dangi na waɗannan orchids, kazalika da ƙyanƙyashe ƙwanƙwasa - har ma ba tare da furanni brassavol ba da kyau sosai saboda ganyayyaki masu kyau, masu kama da allura.
Dukkanin tsire-tsire na wannan halittar suna kama sosai a bayyanar. Brassavols suna samar da ƙananan kwararan fitila na siffar sililin, wanda akan sa daga 1 zuwa 3 ganye mai launin fata. Tsawon (10 zuwa 30 santimita) da kuma siffar ganye yana dogara da asali da nau'in shuka. Peduncles suna bayyana bayan sun farfado daga axils na ganyayyaki kuma suna ɗaukar furanni 1 zuwa 6 waɗanda suka yi kama da tauraruwa a jikinsu kuma suna da ƙamshi mai ban mamaki.
Aroanshi mai daɗin daɗi sosai halayen dukkan mambobi ne na asalin, amma an fi bayyana shi cikin duhu. Furanni na iya samun launin shuɗi, fari ko launin shuɗi. Ganyen fure da gilasai na brassavol suna da kusan iri guda iri daya, mafi yawan lokuta kunkuntar ne kuma tsayi, wani lokacin ma kamar curls.
Lebe yana ba da fara'a ta musamman da kuma asali ga furanni, wanda zai iya kasancewa da sifofi iri-iri: tare da wavy, mai sauƙin kai, mai sheki ko kuma yalwataccen gefen, kuma za'a iya rufe shi da shuɗun ƙananan launuka masu ruwan hoda.
Iri da nau'o'in ƙwayoyin brassavol orchids
Brassavola nodosa (Brassavola nodosa) - wakilin halittar da ya fi yawa a tsakanin lambu, saboda rashin daidaitonsa da kuma yiwuwar shukar shekara-shekara, tunda ba ta da lokacin sanyi. Ana kiran wannan nau'in "Uwar dare" saboda ƙanshinta mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa wanda ke bayyana kanta da dare. Dankin yana da ƙananan girma, kuma girman furanni na iya zama daga 5 zuwa 10 santimita. A cikin yanayi na dabi'a, yana girma epiphytically a kan bishiyoyin mangoro, kuma yana iya zama akan rayuwan cacti. Tsirrai na gida sune ƙasashen tsakiyar Amurka.
Brassavola cactus (Brassavola cucullata) - wani nau'in halitta wanda ya kasance daga farkon waɗanda suka isa Turai. Itace tana da inflorescences guda-fure, furanni wanda zasu iya kaiwa santimita 18 a tsayi. Saboda tsayin su, fure mai dan kadan a ƙarshen, furanni suna kama da dorinar ruwa ko jelfish.
Brassavola Digby ko Rincholelia (Brassavola digbyana ko Rhyncholaelia digbyana) - tsiro mai ɗan ƙara lalacewa, kwararan fitila mai ɗimbin tsini har zuwa santimita 15, yana ɗaukar ganye guda mai ƙarfi, wanda aka rufe da fure mai launin shuɗi.
An bayyana mashahurin wakilan wannan nau'in ta manyan girma (har zuwa 15 cm) na furanni da kyakkyawan lebe mai faɗi. Kawai yanzu, don ganin waɗannan furanni mara kyau, shuka yana buƙatar samar da isasshen tsawon hutawa. A cikin yanayin, yana girma a cikin gandun daji mai haske a cikin yanki daga kudancin Mexico zuwa Honduras.
Brassavoles ana amfani da shi sosai wajen samad da zuriyar tsakiyan kwayoyin halitta:
Brassolaeliocattlesia (Brassolaeliocattleya)
Brassocattleya (Brassocattleya) - cikakken bayani game da kulawa da alaƙar wannan nau'in orchids, duba anan.
Rinchovola (Rhynchovola)
Kula da brassavols
Wannan asalin halittar orchids ana daukar shi cikakke ne marasa ma'ana a cikin kulawa. Brassavoles za a iya girma a cikin kwandunan rataye, tukwane, a kan toshe, ya dogara da nau'in da sha'awar mai shi. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, ana iya ganin furanni orchid ko da akan tsire-tsire matasa, kuma manyan labulen na iya jin daɗin furanni duk rani.
Brassavols suna buƙatar haske mai kyau, saboda haka ya fi kyau a sanya su a kan windows, gabas ko yamma windows. A cikin hunturu, ya zama dole don haskakawa saboda haka hasken rana ya kasance aƙalla awowi 10. A cikin bazara, zaku iya fara farawa ga shuka zuwa rana, ɗaukar ta zuwa iska mai kyau da farko girgiza shi, sannan ku bar ta ƙarƙashin haskoki kai tsaye kowane lokaci na tsawon lokaci.
A wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa launin toka mai launin "tanning" wanda ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki a ƙarƙashin rana baya juya zuwa ƙonewa. Wasu nau'in za su iya girma cikin inuwa m, duk da haka, tare da isasshen hasken wuta, tsire-tsire ba zai iya jira ba.
Wannan asalin halittar orchids nasa ne da tsire-tsire masu dumin yanayi. A lokacin bazara, brassavoles sun iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi na 30-35, tare da raguwa cikin dare zuwa digiri 12. Yana da amfani don adana orchids a cikin iska mai tsabta a cikin lokacin dumi, yayin da bambancin halitta tsakanin yanayin dare da rana zai cika bukatun su.
Wannan bambancin ya kamata ba kasa da digiri 4-10. Kawai a wannan yanayin, zaku iya jira don shuka don fure. Bayan fure, wasu nau'in suna buƙatar lokaci mai wahala. A wannan lokacin, kimanin makonni 2-6, rage zafin jiki na abun ciki da rage shayarwa kafin farkon sabon haɓaka.
Brassavols a cikin yanayi yana girma a cikin wurare masu laima, sabili da haka suna buƙatar babban zafi kuma a gida. Idan shuka yayi girma a cikin musanya, to, danshi 55% ya ishe. Idan brassavol ya haɓaka akan toshe ko tare da tsarin tushen kyauta, to, laushi yakamata ya zama akalla 80%.
Lokacin adana orchids ba tare da canzawa ba, ana buƙatar yawan ruwa a kowace rana. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire da ke cikin tukwane kamar yadda man ke bushewa.
Dasawa da canza ruwa
Don girma a cikin kwanduna ko tukwane kana buƙatar ɗaukar madadin baƙin ciki, wanda zai bushe da sauri. Yawancin lokaci yana ƙunshi guda na haushi, kwakwalwan kwakwa da mossar sphagnum. Lokacin girma a kan toshe, ana bada shawarar yin sphagnum substrate don hana bushewa daga tushen.
Brassavoles ba sa buƙatar jigilar jigilar kwayoyin cuta akai-akai, a Bugu da kari, zasu iya amsa musu da raɗaɗi sosai, saboda haka ana bada shawara ga dasa shukar tsire kawai idan akwai gishiri ko haɗaɗɗen abin da ke ciki. Wadannan orchids suna haifuwa ta hanyar rarraba labulen.
Hakanan zaka iya sanin kanka tare da kulawar gida tare da ɗayan orchids marasa ma'ana - wannan shine cymbidium.
