Tsire-tsire na Gimenokallis (Hymenocallis) suna da alaƙa kai tsaye ga dangin Amaryllidaceae. Wannan nau'in halittar ya hada nau'ikan tsire-tsire fiye da 50. A cikin yanayi, ana iya samun su a wasu sassa na Kudancin Amurka.
An rufe babban kwan fitila mai launin lu'u-lu'u da ƙusoshin da ya kunshi bushe, mai sikeli mai haske. Albasa cikakke tana da, a matsayin mai mulkin, diamita daidai yake da santimita 10. Ganyen bakin ciki an shirya shi gaba daya kuma yayi girma a cikin jirgin sama guda. A cikin tsayi, irin wannan ganye zai iya isa daga mita 0.5-1. Yawancin nau'in jinsin sun mallaki ganye mai siffa-ganye, yayin da jijiya na tsakiya yana da bacin rai kuma akwai duban da aka nuna. Ana fentin ganye a cikin launi mai launin kore mai zurfi kuma yana da shimfiɗa mai haske. Daga cikin nau'ikan halittu masu yawa, akwai dayan ganye da kuma wadanda ke watsar da dukkan ganyayyaki yayin fari.
Wadannan tsirrai suna tsayawa a tsakanin sauran tare da furanni masu ban mamaki. Halinsu yana kama da ɗayan gizo-gizo tare da ƙafafu masu tsayi, ko tauraro. Kal din (calyx) yana da sepals mai bakin layin 6, wanda zai isa santimita 20 a tsayi. Su masu launin kore ne masu launin shuɗi a gindi, sannan kuma maimaita launi na furannin. Akwai nau'ikan halittar da kabarin kawai suke karkatar da baya a ƙarshen, kuma akwai waɗanda suke yin guduwa da su kyauta daga ginin. Nauyin silsila mai haske, mai suttura mai ɗaukar hoto ya ƙunshi filaye 6, waɗanda aka yanke zuwa ƙarshen a matakai dabam-dabam. An yi furen furanni tare da kan gadoji 6 kuma suna yin kambi mai kamannin dutse, wanda ya kai zurfin 5 santimita. Akwai nau'ikan halittu waɗanda stamens sun ɗan guntu fiye da kabarin. Babban tsohuwar anval masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi-mai haske ko kuma rawaya mai launin shuɗi. Umbrella ko corymbose inflorescences sun ƙunshi fure mai ƙanshi 2-16, kuma suna da brams 2 ko 3. Naked tare da dan kadan flattened giciye-sashen na peduncle ne kusan idan dai ganye. Lokacin da shuka ke fadada, yakan fito da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launuka iri-iri, a ciki waxanda suke da manyan tsaba.
Kula da hymenocallis a gida
Kula da irin wannan shuka abu ne mai sauki. Abu mafi mahimmanci a kula da shi shine ciyar da lokaci da kuma ingantaccen haske.
Haske
Daga cikin wakilai da yawa na dangin amariliss, wannan tsire-tsire yana son haske mafi yawan duka. Yana kwantar da hankali yana yarda da haskoki kai tsaye na rana kuma yana buƙatar haske mai haske. Ana ba da shawarar irin wannan fure akan windows na kudu, kudu maso yamma da kuma kudu maso gabas. Gimenokallis ba zai yi fure a kan taga a arewacin ɓangaren ɗakin ba.
A lokacin bazara, ana bada shawara don ɗaukar shi zuwa iska mai tsabta (a gonar, a baranda).
Don jinsunan da suka yi fure a cikin hunturu, wajibi ne don samar da ingantaccen haske da hasken rana na sa'a goma.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Tsarin yana girma sosai kuma yana tasowa a cikin bazara da bazara a yanayin zafi matsakaici wanda yayi dace da tsakiyar latitude. Idan babu hasken baya a cikin hunturu, to, kowane nau'in tsiwirwirin daji yana buƙatar rage yawan zafin jiki kaɗan. Don yin wannan, ya kamata a kawo tukunya kusa da gilashin, kuma ya kamata a rufe taga tare da fim ko kuma za a iya amfani da akwatin m. Ta haka ne, kuna rarrabe shuka daga iska mai dumi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na wannan lokacin shine digiri 14-18. Idan akwai wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi, to, ba lallai ba ne don rage zafin jiki.
A kwararan fitila na deciduous nau'in da aka fitar daga ƙasa ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin sanyi (digiri 10 zuwa 12) kuma ya bushe sosai (yana da muhimmanci cewa sikeli ya fashe, kamar baƙar albasa) wuri.
Yadda ake ruwa
Babban wahalar kula da hymenocallis shine shayarwa. Yana da matukar wahala a zabi tsarin shayarwa mafi kyau. Tun da wannan fure a cikin yanayi ya fi son yin girma a bangarorin bakin teku da ciyayi, to, a lokacin haɓaka mai ƙarfi da fure yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi masu dacewa. Soilasa ta zama ƙasa taushi a kowane lokaci. Amma a lokaci guda, tabbatar cewa ruwa ba ya ɓoye a cikin tukunya, saboda wannan na iya haifar da jujjuya kwan fitila.
A cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar ruwa kaɗan. Kuna iya gano cewa furen ba ya da danshi ta hanyar ganye - sai suka ɓace sunadaran kuma suka zama baƙi. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar ƙara yawan ruwa. Kwararan fitila na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba a shayar da su a cikin hunturu.
Don ban ruwa mai dacewa da ruwan sha a ɗakin zafin jiki ya dace.
Haushi
Babu karuwa ta wucin gadi a cikin zafin jiki na iska. Koyaya, ana bada shawarar wanka mai ɗumi kullun don dalilan tsabta. A wannan yanayin, ganye kawai ya kamata a wanke, kuma ya kamata a kare fure da furanni daga ruwa.
Cakuda ƙasa
Asan da ta dace ya kamata ta kasance mai kwance, ɗan acidic (pH 5.0 - 6.0) kuma cike tare da abubuwan gina jiki. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa waɗanda suka dace don dasa kayan haɗin ƙasa na hymenocallis. Wadanda akafi so sune:
- Sheet da sod ƙasar, m kogin yashi a cikin wani rabo na 3: 1: 1.
- Sheet, sod da ƙasa humus, m kogin yashi da peat a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 2: 1: 1.
Don dasa shuki, Hakanan zaka iya amfani da cakuda ƙasa wadda aka siya don kwararan fitila. Koyaya, don hana lalacewa, ana bada shawara a zuba ɗan ƙaramin gawayi da aka murƙushe a ciki.
Wannan fure yana buƙatar tukunya mai girma da isasshen don dasa, saboda tushen sa yana da ƙarfi da girma da sauri. A kasan tanki, ya wajaba a yi kyakkyawan magudanar magudanar yumbu. Zai taimaka guji kwarara cikin ruwa. Shuka kwan fitila domin na ukunsa ya tashi sama saman gurbin.
Manyan miya
Ana yin riguna da sutura a cikin ci gaba mai ƙarfi, har da fure tare da mita na 1 a cikin makonni biyu ko uku. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin gargajiya don tsiron cikin gida na fure ko kuma takin saka ruwa mai laushi don kwararan fitila. Yi amfani da sashin da aka nuna akan kunshin. Koyaya, tabbatar cewa takin abin da aka zaɓa bashi da adadin nitrogen, tunda yana kaiwa ga bunƙasa mai ƙarfi, yayin da ingancin fure yake taɓarɓarewa. Hakanan, wannan sinadaran na iya haifar da jujjuya albasa mai narkewa.
A lokacin dangantakar dangi, takan kasa takin gargajiya.
Siffofin Juyawa
Tun da shuka reacts musamman barnatar da dasa, wannan hanya ne da za'ayi quite wuya, a matsayin mai mulkin, sau ɗaya a kowace 3 ko 4.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Gimenokallis na iya yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba ko 'yar fitila. Irin waɗannan kwararan fitila suna fara nunawa bayan fure ya cika shekaru 3 ko 4. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana haihuwar yara ne yayin dasawa. Don yin wannan, ya isa a hankali a raba ɗan albasa daga uwa, sannan a dasa shi a cikin akwati dabam.
Shuka tsaba kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin umarnin, wanda ya kamata a sanya a kan marufi.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
A kan wannan shuka mai ban mamaki, kwari masu cutarwa kamar su aphids, kwari gizo-gizo da thrips zasu iya zama. Bayan an samo waɗannan kwari a kan ganye, a nan gaba ya zama dole don kulawa da daji sosai tare da maganin kwari na ayyukan da suka dace (alal misali, phytoerm ko actellic).
Mafi yawan cututtuka na kowa sune lalacewa mai launin toka akan kwan fitila. Don hana a lokacin dasa da dasawa daga cikin kwan fitila ya kamata a karkashin sosai dubawa. Bayan gano wuri mai ciwo, an yanke shi a hankali, yayin da wuraren wuraren dole ne a kula da su da gawayi. Amma wannan yana faruwa ne kawai game da ƙaramar nasara. Idan kwan fitila ta kamu sosai, to ba zai yuwu ka ajiye shi ba.
Mafi sau da yawa, rot tasowa saboda stagnation na ruwa a cikin substrate, musamman tare da sanyi wintering.
Hakanan, shuka ba zai yi fure ba - wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa ya rasa haske, tare da hunturu wanda ya yi zafi sosai, kuma tare da miya mara kyau.
Bambancin sunaye
Wannan tsiro ana kiranta "Lily gizo-gizo", Lily's Peru. Hakanan yana da wasu sunaye.
Hakanan, a cewar wasu masanan kimiyyar kere kere, wannan shuka ana kuma kiranta Ismene, kuma wannan sunan yana da alaƙa da hymenocallis (Hymenocallis). Koyaya, ƙarin ifan kwayar halitta suna da ra'ayin cewa waɗannan tsirrai iri biyu ne. A lokaci guda, dan asalin Ismen ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin Gimenokallis dan asalin Halin. Mafi banbanci mai ban sha'awa tsakanin waɗannan furanni shine ciyawar karya kuma a cikin bazara. A hankali ana yin sa ne sakamakon mutuwar ganye. Hakanan daban-daban sune abubuwan gabatarwar dabino. A Izmena, fure-fure suke kuma wasu lokutan suna kwance a kwance, yayin da suke a Hymenokallis, ana karkatar da su zuwa sama tsaye. Gimenokallis shima yana da rawanin monophonic, yayin da rawanin yana da madafin kore kore. Don haka, narcissus hymenocallis, bisa ga wasu halaye, ana iya danganta su ga asalin halittar ismen, yayin da wannan nau'in ke da suna na biyu iri ɗaya - narcissus ismen. A irin wannan fure, mai shinge yana kwance layin kwance, yayin da layin fushin tambura tare da fure mai launin duhu.
Gimenocallis da pankracium suma suna rikicewa. Duk da cewa furanninsu suna da kama sosai, tsirrai da kansu suna da alaƙa da janareto daban-daban. Sun bambanta sosai a cikin ganye. Gimenocallis - akwai ganyayyaki masu duhu sosai ko cike, suna da launin toka, "ciyawa". A pankracium yana da fewan hardan wahala, masu kunkuntar ganye, sun kusan cika su da zane-zanen launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da launin shuɗi.
Batun bidiyo
Babban nau'ikan
Karibian rannihi (Hymenocallis caribaea)
Wannan nau'in ya fi shahara tsakanin 'yan lambu. Ana iya samun irin wannan tsiren bishiyoyi a dabi'a a bakin tekun Antilles. Ba shi da lokacin hutawa. Ruwan duhu mai duhu na ganye mai kunkuntar-lanceolate ya kai santimita 90 a tsayi kuma tsawon santimita 5-7 a fadin. Blooms a cikin hunturu na watanni 4. A saman farfajiyar akwai inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan furanni 3-5, fenti fari. Rowan tsakatsun kai yakai tsawon santimita 7.
Hymenocallis da wuri (Hymenocallis festalis)
Sau da yawa ana girma a gida. An samo shi a cikin yanayi a Peru, amma ana yinsa koyaushe azaman tsire-tsire a cikin yankuna masu ban tsoro da wurare masu zafi. Wannan nau'in yana da gajeru (daga 40 zuwa 60 santimita) mai sheki, ƙyalli-kamar ganye da aka zana a cikin duhu kore. Flow yana gudana daga tsakiyar lokacin bazara zuwa tsakiyar bazara. Furanni masu dusar kankara-daddare suna da inci 10cm. Babban, kambi mai buɗe ido-bude. Mai Lankwasa tepals nada a cikin m kananan zobba.
Hymenocallis narcissus (Hymenocallis amancaes)
Wannan abune mai cike da farin jini ga tsaunukan bakin teku na Peru. Ganyayyaki kore masu duhu suna da siffar xiphoid. Furanni masu launin shuɗi suna da babban kambi kuma suna da faɗi. Yana ɗaukar baƙin ƙarfe, kuma matan kawai suna wanzuwa a waje. Sepals sau 1.5-2 ne kawai fiye da kambi. Akwai nau'ikan furanni masu launin shuɗi ko fari. Wannan tsiro na tsiro daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka.
Gimenocallis kyawawan (Hymenocallis speciosa)
Wurin haihuwa na wannan tsiro mai ƙyalli shine Antilles. Dogaye (har zuwa santimita 60) suna da siffar lanceolate-elliptical. Yankin 1/3 na farfajiyar furen da ke kwance a saman ganyayen ganye yana ɗaukar inflorescence a cikin laima, wanda ya kunshi fure-fure 5-dusar ƙanƙara. Kowane fure yana da girman inci kusan 15 santimita, yayin da bututun keɓaɓɓun kafaffun za su iya kaiwa santimita 7 a tsawon.
Hymenocallis da ainangaman (Hymenocallis stringifolia)
Wannan nau'in ya sha bamban da sauran. Ganyen ganye mai tsayi na irin wannan shuka suna da sifar zuciya mai kama da launi. Dusar ƙanƙara-fari-fure tare da dogayen kifin daskararre ba su da kambi.
Hymenocallis tubiflora (Hymenocallis tubiflora)
A cikin yanayi, ana iya samun shi a cikin Trinidad da kuma arewacin gabar tekun Kudancin Amurka. Furannin furanninsa sunyi kama da hymenocallis cordifolia. Koyaya, petioles suna da faffadar lanceolate.
Dukkan jinsunan da suke girma a gida suna da karancin iri. Don haka, mafi yawan furanni ana fentin fari, ƙasa da yawa - rawaya. Har yanzu akwai bambance-bambance a cikin girman kambi da kuma siffar sepals ɗin. Irin nau'ikan furanni irin waɗannan furanni suna da mashahuri sosai. Suna da rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko fari mai tsayi da aka shimfiɗa a gefen ganye.
