Gloxinia wani shahararren gida ne mai mashahuri. Gida - Americaasar Tropical America (Brazil, da dai sauransu). A cikin yanayi, akwai nau'ikan da yawa. Akwai ire-iren ire-iren da aka samu sakamakon lalatawar jini ta sarauta da kyawun gloxinia kamar na tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Z Scott Zona
Gloxinia Harshen Latin Gloxinia
Wannan tsire-tsire na ado na ado mai wahalar gaske yana da wahala ga sabon shiga, yawanci ana sayo shi a cikin shagunan tuni a cikin yanayin fure. Don kiwo na cikin gida, ana amfani da nau'ikan da aka samo daga nau'ikan halitta guda biyu: Gloxinia regina (Royal gloxinia) da Gloxinia speciosa (kyau gloxinia). Ganyen gloxinia suna da kyau sosai, mulkin gloxinia yakasance, yana da farin zina a saman dayan kuma tare da mai launin ja a baya. Mai tushe mai kauri. Furanni masu siffa-Bell suna nan akan dogayen falo. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu launi suna da yawa. Zasu iya drooping sama ko sama, terry ko ba terry, tare da m ko runtled gefuna daga cikin leben na petals. Launuka - ja tare da farin baki, m tare da farin baki, fari, ruwan hoda tare da ɗigon ruwa na Lilac, da dai sauransu Tare da kulawa mai kyau gloxinia Bloom daga bazara zuwa kaka. A hutawa, gaba ɗaya ɓangaren tsire-tsire ya mutu.
H Eric Hunt
Siffofin
Zazzabi: Matsakaici a lokacin girma da fure, ba ya ƙasa da 16 ° C. Mafi karancin lokacin hunturu lokacin adana tubers 10 ° C.
Walkiya: Gloxinia hoto ne na hoto, amma ana buƙatar haske mai walƙiya mai haske. Lokacin da aka ajiye shi a rana ta bazara kai tsaye a kan ganyen gloxinia, aiwatattun launin shuɗi na iya bayyana - kunar rana a jiki.
Watering: Ana shayar da gloxinia sosai a lokacin girma da furanni, kodayake, ƙarancin ƙwaya yana lalata a gare su. Lokacin yin ruwa, ana amfani da ruwan dumi, yin ruwa don kada ruwa ya faɗi akan furanni da ganyayyaki. Daga ƙarshen watan Agusta, an kawo ƙarshen fure da kuma shayarwa kaɗan, kuma a ƙarshen Satumba sun riga sun yi ruwa kaɗan, kamar yadda shuka ya fara bushewa - lokacin sanyi yana farawa.
Takin mai magani: Manyan riguna suna farawa daga kusan Afrilu zuwa farkon watan Agusta, mako. Yi amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman don tsire-tsire na cikin gida (dauke da isasshen adadin potassium da phosphorus fiye da nitrogen). Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da ruwa tare da takin gargajiya (misali, mullein jiko diluted da ruwa, duk da haka, wani wuce haddi na nitrogen na iya haifar da samuwar iko sosai ganye kore da kananan mummuna furanni).
Tashin hankali: A lokacin girma da furanni, synningia (wanda yake nuna wasu nau'in gloxinia) yana buƙatar iska mai laushi sosai, amma baya jure ruwa akan ganye da furanni. Sabili da haka, ana hura iska ta hanyar fesawa ko'ina a cikin shuka daga tarar mai kyau ko tukunya tare da shuka an sanya shi a kan tire tare da ɗakunan leyagun ko yumɓu masu yaduwa.
Dasawa: Don girma syningia yi amfani da tukwane masu adalci, ba tsauni mai tsayi ba. Juyawa a kowace shekara a cikin bazara, amma ana ɗaukar tukunya mafi girma kawai lokacin da tsohuwar ta ɓaci. Ya kamata ƙasa ta ɗan ɗanɗana yanayin acidic, pH = 5.5 - 6.5. Ilasa ƙasa cakuda 2 ɓangaren ƙasa mai ganye, ɓangare na 1 na peat (ko ƙasa na huɗa) da kuma 1 yanki na yashi. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da cakuda hadewar violet, da sauransu. Ana buƙatar kyakkyawan malalewa. Lokacin dasawa, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine rabin binne a cikin ƙasa.
Sake bugun: Tsaba, tsiron ganye, rarrabuwa na tarin ƙwaro.
Kurmi & Kim Starr
Kulawa
Gloxinia ya fi son hasken da aka watsa, ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Mafi kyawun wurin sanya wuri shine windows tare da gabatarwar yamma ko gabas. Ana sanya tsire-tsire da ke nesa da taga a kan windows tare da gabatarwar kudu ko hasken wuta da aka warwatsa an ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar translucent masana'anta ko takarda (gauze, tulle, tracing paper). Abubuwan da ke cikin tsire-tsire a cikin watan daga Fabrairu zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu a wurin rana ya halatta. Tsire-tsire suna thermophilic, ƙanƙara haƙuri da zayyana da canje-canje na zazzabi Gloxinia yana yin daidai da yanayin zafin jiki tsakanin 20-22 ° C yayin rana da 18 ° C da dare. Yayin dormancy, tukwane da tsire-tsire ya kamata a zazzabi na 10-14 ° C. A lokacin girma, ana shayar da tsire-tsire da yawa, tare da ruwa mai laushi, ruwan sanyi, kamar yadda saman keɓaɓɓen yadudduka. Yanayin zafin jiki na ban ruwa ya shafi girma da ci gaban tsirrai - a cikin hunturu yakamata ya kasance mai dumi (20-22C); kar a fesa tsire-tsire da ruwan sanyi. A lokacin dormancy, tukwane tare da nodules, idan an shayar dasu, suna da wuya sosai. Gloxinia yana buƙatar ƙara zafi a lokacin girma, amma baya jure ruwa akan ganye da furanni. Sabili da haka, ana hura iska ta hanyar fesawa ko'ina a cikin shuka daga tarar mai kyau ko tukunya tare da shuka an sanya shi a kan tire tare da ɗakunan leyagun ko yumɓu masu yaduwa. A wannan yanayin, kasan tukunyar kada ta taɓa ruwan. Matsayi na manya na gloxinia (daga shekaru 3-4 zuwa shekaru) tare da kulawa ta dace na iya yin fure na dogon lokaci - daga Mayu zuwa Satumba, kuma yalwace, samar da daruruwan furanni, wani lokacin shaƙuwan 10-15 a lokaci guda, a lokacin furanni. Don tsawa da lokacin furanni, yankan dabino ana yanka su nan da nan.
Gloxinia tana da lokacin hutawa. Bayan fure, a hankali ana iyakance ruwa.. Bayan kammala bushewar ganyayyaki, an bar 'ya'yan a cikin tukwane, a cikin ƙasa, kuma a ko'ina cikin kaka kuma har zuwa Janairu ana ajiye su a wuri mai sanyi a zazzabi ba ƙasa da 10 ° C ba, amma ba fiye da 14 ° C ba. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ya kamata ku bincika tubers; idan akwai mahimman alaƙar wari, ya kamata a shayar da shi da ruwa (ba fiye da sau ɗaya a wata ba). A gida, ɗayan alamun farkon farawa don dasa shuki shine germination na koda a kan tubers, bayyanar da koli. A watan Janairu-Fabrairu, an haƙa su, an tsabtace su kuma sun sake dasawa, a cikin ƙasa mai sabo a cikin tukwane ko a cikin kwalaye. Tubers ana shuka surori da yawa a cikin tukwane na santimita 11-13, suna zurfafa su don rufe kodan 1 cm ƙasa. Abun da ke cikin ƙasa: ganye - 1 hour, peat - awa 1, yashi - awa 0.5. Bayan yawan shayarwa, an sanya tukwane a cikin wuri mai haske inda ake sa su a zazzabi na akalla 20 ° C. Idan za ta yiwu, tsire-tsire na dovetail daga ranar dasa har zuwa ƙarshen Fabrairu-Maris, daga awanni 22 zuwa 6-7. Ya danganta da girman ƙwayayen, suna toho daga 1 zuwa 4 harbe. A cikin ɗakunan ya fi dacewa don barin mafi ci gaba, wani lokacin harbe biyu. Manyan riguna suna farawa daga kusan Afrilu zuwa farkon watan Agusta, mako. Yi amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman don tsire-tsire na cikin gida (ya ƙunshi isasshen adadin potassium da phosphorus fiye da nitrogen). Kuna iya amfani da ruwa tare da takin gargajiya (alal misali, diluted mullein jiko tare da ruwa, amma, kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, wuce haddi na nitrogen na iya haifar da samuwar ƙwayar kore mai ƙarfi da ƙananan furanni mummuna).
Kurmi & Kim Starr
Kiwo
Gloxinia yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba da ganyayyaki masu ganye. Tubers propagate zunubi.
Tsarin iri. Ranakun shuka - watan Disamba-Maris. Tsaba kadan ne (a cikin shekara 1, akwai kusan akwat dubu 20). Cikakken seedlings ba duka tsaba bane. Abun da ke ciki na ƙasar don shuka: ganye - 1 hour, peat - awa 1, yashi - awa 1. Bayan an sanya kwandon shara, ana rufe kwantena da gilashin daga sama don ƙirƙirar danshi, tunda ba a cika zurfin ƙasa da ƙasa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine 24-26 ° C; a yanayin zafin jiki, seedlings suna fitowa a ranar 12-14th; a zazzabi na 10-12 ° C, germination yana jinkirta fiye da wata 1, kuma wani lokacin ba shi da abokantaka. Babban kulawa da ƙwayar itace shine spraying tare da ruwan dumi, ana sa su a wani wuri mai-lit. Tare da haɓakar ganye na cotyledon, kimanin kwanaki 18-25 bayan fitowar su, ci gaba zuwa farkon zaɓin. Abun da ke cikin ƙasa shine kamar haka: ganye - 2 hours, peat - awa 1, yashi - awa 1. Didar da nesa na 2 × 2 cm, bayan wannan, an girka kwantena tare da tsire-tsire kusa da hasken yadda zai yiwu.
Bayan kimanin makonni 3-4, lokacin da takardar ta 3 ta bayyana, za su fara ɗayan na biyu, a nesa na 3 × 4 cm; ana amfani da thean abu iri ɗaya kamar na farkon wanda aka zaɓa. A lokacin juyawa, lalacewar ganye (babba da tarkace) ya kamata a guji duk lokacin da zai yiwu; Dole ne a cire ganye mai lalacewa. A wannan zamani, tsire-tsire suna amsawa musamman ga zazzabi - yakamata ya kasance akalla 20 ° C; watering ne uniform, bushewa ba a yarda. Madadin tsinkaye na uku, bayan wata guda, ana shuka tsire-tsire matasa a cikin tukwane-8-cm. Abun da ke cikin ƙasa: ganye - 1 hour, humus - awa 1, sod - awa 1, peat - awa 1, yashi - awa 1. Bayan dasa, tukwane da tsire-tsire ana saita su a wuri mai haske. Kulawar Shuka ya ƙunshi yawan ruwa, ƙirƙirar babban zafi, shading daga haskoki mai haske na rana. A wasu halaye, ana shuka tsire-tsire matasa kai tsaye daga kwantena a cikin tukwane na 11-cm-cm. Flow yana faruwa bayan watanni 6 daga ranar shuka.
Idan ya zama dole don samun tsire-tsire fure a watan Mayu, ana iya shuka shuka a watan Nuwamba, kuma a wannan yanayin, ya kamata a ƙara sauƙaƙe ƙananan seedlings da ƙananan tsire-tsire.. Ana yin ƙarin hasken a cikin Nuwamba-Fabrairu, na awanni 8 a rana tare da fitilun mai kyalli a kowace 100 W a 1 m2.
Ranar shuka ta gaba ita ce farkon Oktoba, bayan an gama girbi daga tsakiyar Disamba kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen watan Fabrairu, a kullum, daga awanni 22 zuwa 6. Wannan yana hawan farkon farkon fure zuwa makonni 3.
Lokacin da shuka a tsakiyar Disamba, sun fara sake-girma daga ranar shuka kuma dakatar da shi a tsakiyar watan Fabrairu. Germination fara kwanaki 10 daga baya, amma tsire-tsire girma sosai, duk da haka suna kasa da ci gaba fiye da a farkon biyu na farko shuka.
Lokacin da aka yada shi ta ganye matasa shuke-shuke iya Bloom a cikin wannan shekarar. A saboda wannan dalili, ana yanke ganyen lafiya daga tsire-tsire na cikin igiyar ciki yayin lokacin furanni. An yanke ganyayyaki tare da karamin yanki na petiole, game da cm 1. Yankan yankewa a sauƙaƙe a cikin cakuda yashi mai tsabta - sa'o'i 4, haɗe tare da peat - awanni 0.5. Babban kulawa da tsintsiya shine kula da babban zafi da zazzabi na 22-24 ° C. Yanke yankan a cikin kwanakin 18-20, ƙananan nodules suna bayyana a gindin farantin. An dasa tushen daskararre a cikin tukwane na 5-7 cm.
Gloxinia na iya yaduwa ta hanyar yanke. Tushen da aka dasa (a zazzabi na 20-25 ° C) ana shuka su a ƙarshen Fabrairu a cikin tukwane na santimita-9. Abun da ke ciki na ƙasar: ganye - 1 hour, peat - 1 hour, sphagnum da yashi - 1 awa. Ana buƙatar wadataccen ruwa. A lokacin girma, kowane mako 3, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da cikakken ma'adinan ruwa mai ma'adinin. Bayan fure, an rage ruwa, sannan a dakatar da tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane ana kiyaye su a wani wuri mai dumi har sai watan Fabrairu.
© Dante
Dabbobi
Pexinn Gloxinia, ko kuma aka sanya shi (Gloxinia perennis (L.) Fritsch, (G. maculata H'Her.)). Yana girma a cikin gandun daji daga Colombia zuwa Brazil da Peru. Tsirtattun tsire-tsire na tsiro 50-70 cm tsayi, tare da harbe-falle mai launin fata, aibobi. Ganyayyaki suna daga ciki, tsawonsa cm 10 kuma faɗin 7 cm, mai nuna alama, mai sheƙi, kore a saman, tare da hular murhun ciki, masu launin ja a ƙasa. Furen furanni, an tattara su da yawa; corolla yana da kararrawa, har zuwa 3 cm a diamita, purple-bluish a cikin sashin na sama, tare da ƙanshin Mint. Yana fure a watan Satumba da Nuwamba. Sosai na ado shuka, girma a cikin Botanical gidãjen Aljanna. Ana iya noma shi a cikin ɗakuna masu dumi.
Gloxinia yana da kyau (Gloxinia speciosa Lodd.). Synonym: Sinningia matasan (Sinningia x hybrida hort.). Ana samunsa a kan dutse, daskararwar tsaunuka a kudancin Brazil. Tsirtattun tsire-tsire na daskararre har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, tare da tarin fuka (tuberous rhizome); harbe ba ya nan ko gajere. A ganye ne m, weakly zuciya-dimbin yawa zuciya a gindi, densely m pubescent a garesu. Furanni masu girma ne, kusan kararrawa-mai kararrawa, tsawon 4-5 cm, a cikin makogwaron har zuwa 5-6 cm fadi, sawn. Blooms profusely a lokacin rani. A al'adance, nau'in nau'in lambun an bred sakamakon tsallaka S. takaddara tare da ire-irensa: var, albiflora, var. rubra, var. caulescens, har da S. regina Sprague. A halin yanzu, duk bambancin ƙwayar cuta a cikin aikin noma na ornamental an san shi a ƙarƙashin sunan S. speciosa; ana kiran su sau da yawa na wurare masu zafi gloxinia. Arian bambanta sun bambanta da girman fure da launi - daga fari zuwa ja, shuɗi da sautin biyu.
© Dysmorodrepanis
Cutar da kwari
Brown spots a cikin ganyayyaki - an shayar da shuka da ruwan sanyi, ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata ya zama mai ɗumi.
Bar juya launin rawaya - Yawan adadin takin gargajiya, bushewa ko iska mai yawa, rana.
Wurin launin toka akan ganye da furanni - launin toka ko launin toka mai foda, yana tasowa, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya sabawa yanayin tsare. Dakatar da fesa ruwa, cire sassan da abin ya shafa, tare da magani na kashe-kashe.
A shuka ba ya fure - tare da rashin isasshen hasken, karancin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa, bushe ko iska mai sanyi, abun da bai dace ba yayin lokacin bacci, takin nitrogen mai wuce gona da iri. Ana iya mamaye Gloxinia ta fararen fata, aphids, thrips, mealybug da sauran kwari.
Jiran ra'ayoyinku!
