Dukansu na ado da amfani.

Mutane da yawa sun san hawthorn a matsayin kayan ado, tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa, ado na lambuna, wuraren shakatawa, murabba'ai a wasu yankuna na yanayi na ƙasar. Tsarin da yakamata, yayi saurin girma, asali "rayayye", mai dorewa (hawthorn yayi rayuwa 200 har ma da shekaru 300) shinge yayi daidai ya sauya shinge da aka yi da shinge na picket, kankare, da dai sauransu Muna bada shawarar amfani da ɗayan nau'ikansa 50 da ke tsiro a cikin ƙasar don lambunan gida, hawthorn jini ja daga iyali Rosaceae. Yana da kayan ado ba kawai, har ma da kayan abinci masu mahimmanci da kyan magani.

A yanayi, ana samun wannan itacen hawthorn a yankuna na gabashin yankin Turai da kuma a kudancin rabin Siberiya, tare da gefuna da farin ciki na gandun daji, wani lokacin a karkashin gandun daji, a cikin kwari.

Sunan halittar ya fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci, wanda a cikin fassarar tana nufin mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi. Harshen hawthorn, hakika, yana da daskararren itace da ingantaccen yanki.

Dangane da kwanan nan, an samu izini na hukuma don amfani da likita da sauran nau'ikan hawthorn: mafi girma a cikin hawthorn, wanda aka samo a cikin kasashen Baltic da Transcarpathia, da Daurian daga gabashin Siberia, Amur da Primorye. Bugu da kari, zaku iya amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa na hawthorn odnestichnogo da Altai. Masu karatunmu zasu kuma iya amfani da waɗannan nau'in a cikin shirye shiryen su duka na gonar lambu da kuma dalilai na magani.

Hathorn jan jini mai tsayi ne, kuma wani lokacin ƙaramin itace har zuwa 4 m babba tare da harbe-mai launin shuɗi, lushly an yi shi cikin Mayu-Yuni tare da fararen furanni da ruwan hoda zuwa 1.5 cm a diamita. A cikin kaka, da shuka an rufe shi da wani kaya mai kyau - an shafe shi gaba daya tare da jan mai siffar maras nauyi har zuwa 1 cm a diamita, rataye akan dogayen sanda. 'Ya'yan itãcen sun girma cikin watan Agusta-Satumba

Ana iya yada shi ta zuriyarsa da zuriyar tushensa. Koyaya, yakamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa ƙwayoyin shuka suna girma a hankali kuma suna fara ɗaukar 'ya'ya kawai daga shekaru 10-15. Sabili da haka, an fi son hanyar yaduwar ciyayi.

Idan saboda wasu dalilai kun yanke shawarar samun kayan dasa daga zuriya, to, yana da kyau ku shuka su farko a kan dogo na musamman zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm a cikin layuka, nisan da ke tsakanin 15-20 cm. Wannan zai ba ku damar samun 22-24 a farkon shekara, a cikin na biyu 18 zuwa 20 kyawawan tsire-tsire masu tasowa suna shirye don dasawa. Ana amfani da irin wannan abu don dasa shinge, dasa shuki a cikin layi biyu. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere shine 40-45 cm, tsakanin layin 0.5 m.

Ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin rijiyoyin 20 × 30 cm, wanda ke da nitroammophos, 100 g kowace. A shafin, zaku iya ƙirƙirar labule daga hawthorn.

Ga single (Kadaitaccen) plantings, shi wajibi ne a zabi wani wuri bude domin hawthorn, ba cewa ba sosai picky game da kasar gona.

Abubuwan magani na wannan shuka an san su tun lokacin Dioscorides. Yanzu ana amfani da shirye-shirye daga hawthorn a Faransa, Austria, Gabashin Jamus, Poland da sauran ƙasashe. A cikin ƙasarmu, magani na yau da kullun yana amfani da furanni da 'ya'yan itace na wannan shuka don cututtukan zuciya mai tsanani: rikicewar aiki na zuciya, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya, angioneurosis, paroxysmal tachycardia, firamil na atonia. Shirye-shiryen Hawthorn suna inganta wurare dabam dabam na jini a tasoshin zuciya da kwakwalwa.

Akwai nau'ikan sashi daban-daban daga hawthorn: tincture na 'ya'yan itace, cire ruwa,' ya'yan itatuwa a cikin kunshin da furanni a cikin kunshin.

Ruwan da aka cire daga 'ya'yan itãcen marmari-jan jini wani bangare ne na sanannun ƙwayar magunguna. Shirye-shirye na hawthorn suna da ƙarancin guba kuma suna da tasiri mai motsa rai akan zuciyar da ta gaji, rage cholesterol.

Aiwatar da magungunan da ke sama a cikin kawai kamar yadda likita ya umarta minti 30 kafin abinci a cikin hanyar jiko mai ruwa (1 teaspoon na furanni, 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin gilashin ruwan zãfi), shan tablespoon sau 2-3 a rana ko tinctures (40-70% barasa ) 20 saukad da sau 3 a rana; cire ruwa (70% barasa) 20-30 saukad da sau 3-4 a rana.

Furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa na hawthorn suna dauke da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta masu mahimmanci - flavonoids, carotenoids, pectins, fructose, da dai sauransu Tushen su ne kayan albarkatu don samun fenti mai rawaya mara lahani. A cikin tsaba - fiye da 30% mai mai. Hawthorn shima shuka ne mai kyau. Za a iya amfani da haushi a matsayin wakili na tanning.

A cikin aikin dabbobi, ana amfani da tinthotho tincture a matsayin mai aikin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini wanda ke sarrafa wakili don atherosclerosis da cututtukan zuciya, karancin rashin ƙarfi.

A cikin maganin gargajiya, jiko na 'ya'yan itatuwa da furanni an daɗe ana amfani da shi don rashin bacci, zazzabi, ƙarancin numfashi, bugun zuciya, tari da kuma matsayin magani don tashin hankali, fuka. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da ganyaye suna maye gurbin shan shayi.

Lokacin tattara furanni, ya kamata a tuna cewa lokacin furanni na hawthorn yana da ɗan gajarta, kwanaki 3-4 kawai. Ba za ku iya tattara su da safe ba, har sai da raɓa ta bushe, kuma bayan ruwan sama. Abubuwan da aka tattara na kayan da aka tattara ba su wuce sa'o'i 1-2 ba bayan tattarawa a cikin inuwa a cikin ɗakunan faranti, a karkashin wata alfarwa ko kuma wani yanki da ke da iska mai kyau, shimfida bakin ciki a kan masana'anta ko takarda. Yawan amfanin da furanni bushe 18 - 20%.

Da albarkatun kasa kunshi inflorescences ko mutum fure tare da pedicels. Dangane da GOST, yakamata ya dace da alamomin masu zuwa: suna da rauni, ƙanshi mai daƙi, ɗan daɗi, ɗanɗano mai santsi. Abubuwan danshi na kayan abinci ba su wuce 14%, jimlar ash 11%, sauran sassan shuka ba su wuce 3% ba, fure mai launin shuɗi har zuwa 3.5%, abubuwan lalata da ma'adinai har zuwa 0.5%. Ya kamata a adana su a cikin kwantena bushe, akwatuna sunyi layi tare da tsabta, takarda mai nauyi. Farashin siye don furanni masu bushe shine 5 rubles. na 1 kg.

Abubuwa masu ɗanɗano daga 'ya'yan itatuwa bisa ga GOST 3852-75 yakamata su sami dandano mai daɗi, naman rawaya, abun cikin danshi har zuwa 14%, jimlar ash - 3%, fruitsa fruitsan da aka ƙone da baƙi fiye da 3%, rashin girma, launin shuɗi zuwa 1%, a cikin lumps har zuwa 1%, s barranin marasa tsari, gutsuttsura, ƙasusuwan mutum da rassa ba su wuce 2% ba, ƙazamar kwayoyin har zuwa 1%, ƙazamar ma'adinai har zuwa 0.5%, abubuwa masu cirewa - aƙalla 25%. Lokacin garanti don adana kayan abu shine shekaru 2.

Mafi kyawun lokacin don girbi 'ya'yan itace shine Satumba-Oktoba. Suna bushe a cikin tanda a 50-60 °. Yawan amfanin 'ya'yan itatuwa bushe 25%. Farashin siye don 'ya'yan itatuwa bushe 2 rubles. na 1 kg.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da furanni na hawthorn dole ne su kasance a cikin ƙungiyar magunguna a cikin ɗakin maganin gida kuma ana amfani da su kamar yadda likita ya umurce su.

Kullum zaka iya tura kayan masarufi zuwa sarkar kantin.

Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su:

• A. Rabinovich, Likita na Kimiyyar Magunguna.