Kulawar gida na Lycast na orchid da haɓaka Hoto na Lycaste Sunray Shining HaskeLycaste orchid (Lycaste) yana jagoranci hanyar epiphtic ko epilithic na rayuwa, daban-daban nau'in juyayi na girma. Duk tsawon rayuwar mai kararraki, yakan zama siffofin da za'a iya canzawa ko nau'in lu'u-lu'u, hade da wani rhizome (fasalin gyaran gyare-gyare). Fuskokin ganye biyu masu tasowa biyu suna girma daga saman pseudobulbs, suna da daɗewa-suna da kamanni.
A ƙarƙashin yanayi na dabi'a, duk nau'ikan maganganu masu haske suna da tsawon lokacin hutawa. Yankuna masu tasowa a tsakiyar da kuma manyan tsaunuka na Andes na Ecuador, Columbia da Peru suna dacewa da yanayin yanayi mai kyau a duk shekara. Tsarin Amurkawa na Tsakiya suna girma a cikin matsanancin yanayi mai zafi: raguwar zazzabi mai kaifi, lokacin rigar an maye gurbinsu da bushewa. A gare su, wani nau'in kariya shine cikakken fitar da ganye.
Yawancin lokaci ana nuna shi azaman halayyar gaba ɗaya ne. Matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwar ganye (wanda aka faɗo a farkon lokacin bushewa bayan samuwar pseudobulb) yana da asali a cikin jinsin mutanen asalin Mexico da Guatemala. Lycast orchids da aka samo a kudu maso gabashin Isthmus na Panama da nau'in Kudancin Amurka suna riƙe da ganye tsawon lokaci, amma ba fiye da shekaru 2-3 ba.
Lycast orchid mai kulawa a cikin gidan hoto Jean Tolliday Kendolie
Gasar yanayin dabi'a ta rairayi itace tazara mai tsaunin Andes, tun daga lardunan kudu na Mexico da kudu ta dukkan kananan kasashe na tsibirin, daga nan ta hanyar Colombia, Ekwado zuwa Peru da Bolivia. Ana samun wasu nau'ikan a cikin Mato Grosso (ƙasar Brazil), a tsibiran tsibiran Caribbean, Jamaica da Cuba. A Guatemala, bayyanar Skinner lycastic ko budurwa yana ƙaruwa - a can ana girmama orchid, alama ce ta ƙasar a ƙarƙashin sunan White Nun.
Tsakanin kewayon da aka ƙayyade, suna zaune a cikin girman 1000-2000 m sama da matakin teku, da wuya ko sama ko sama. Yanayin yanayin yanayi don yawancin sune irin wannan cewa matsakaicin yanayi ko danshi daɗaɗan zafi ana maye gurbinsu da bushewar da ta bushe.
Lokacin da orchids na cikin gida suke girma, yakamata kuyi la'akari da fasalin mazaunin halitta, to zaku sami damar shuka ingantacciyar shuka mai ƙarfi wacce zata gamsar da fure.
Halittar yana da kusan nau'ikan 45, kuma ba da yawa daga cikinsu sun dace da namo gida. Yawancinsu manyan-orchids ne masu girman gaske, sills taga sun yi kusa da irin wannan tsirrai. Don al'adun daki, nau'in da ya fi dacewa ya fito ne daga Amurka ta Tsakiya.
Wani masanin Ingilishi John John Lindley ya gano kyakkyawan furen a shekarar 1843. An ba da sunan maƙarƙashiyar don girmamawa ga 'yar Priam, almara mai mulkin Troy (da aka ambata a cikin ayyukan Homer).
Daga cikin archdioceses, lycasta ya sami kyakkyawan rukunin magoya baya. Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa don shuka, don kewaya da kulawa, to azaman lada zaku karɓi kyakkyawan fure.
Lokacin da lycast blooms
Orchid lycasta photo furanni sa wuta Bird
Don nau'ikan nau'ikan, lokacin fure ya bambanta. Yawancin orchids na lycast orchids suna tashi a cikin bazara ko lokacin bazara, wasu suna samar da farji a duk lokacin girma ko fure a cikin zangon ƙarshe (lokacin da ruhun ya riga ya kafa), a cikin wasu, fure ya riga ya kasance sabon lokacin girma na aiki (lokacin hunturu-fure). Fulawa tayi tsawon watanni biyu.
Itaciyar da take da fure-fure tana fitowa daga tushe na pseudobulb. Yana ɗaukar fure ɗaya, amma kowane pseudobulb yana ba da 3-5 (nau'in launin rawaya - 10) peduncles. Tsawon farfajiyar ya bambanta: mita rabin, a mafi yawan lokuta 10-15 cm. Furanni suna da girma (5-20 cm a diamita), kyakkyawa mai ƙanshi da kamshi. The petals kansu kananan, rufe shafi. Sepals sun fi girma girma, ana iya kasancewa dangane da juna a wani kusurwa na 120 °, suna samar da alamar alwatika. Leɓun leɓun lemu da ledoji suna da ƙarfi sosai har da alama suna da kiba. Tsarin launi ya haɗa da dusar ƙanƙara-fari, daga ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda zuwa rawaya mai ruwan kore, ruwan lemo da ruwan kasa.
Zazzabi da haske don orchid na lycast
Lycaste Orchid Lycaste Sunray Ichigo Milk hoto
A lokacin girma girma da haɓakar lycastum, kula da yawan zafin jiki a cikin kewayon 22-27 ° C. Don tabbatar da fure, ana buƙatar saukar da zazzabi na dare na 6-10 ° C. A mataki na shirye-shiryen bukukuwan hunturu (alama ce juyar da fararen ganye a wasu nau'ikan), a hankali rage zafin jiki zuwa kusan 15 ° С. A lokacin hutawa, yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kamata ya zama 12 ° С.
Tare da farkon zafi na gaske a bazara, yana da kyau a ɗauki orchid zuwa iska mai kyau. Sanya a cikin wurin da ba kowa ba tare da wani daftarin aiki a karkashin haskoki na rana (alal misali, a ƙarƙashin kariyar rawanin bishiyoyi ko tsayi bushes).
A cikin dakin, shuka zai ji dadi sosai a kan windowsill na babbar taga wani gabashi ko yamma. Lokacin da aka ɗora shi a kan taga ta kudu, hasken rana zai iya shafawa ta hasken rana kai tsaye. Yawancin jinsunan suna da lokacin sanyi a cikin hunturu - babu buƙatar ƙarin hasken wuta. Ba za ku iya faɗi game da iri da kuma nau'ikan halittu waɗanda ke "farkawa" duk kakar ba. Zasu buƙaci ƙarin haske tare da phytolamps ko fitilun fitila.
Yadda ake kulawa da ganye
Lycaste Orchid Lycaste Sunray Maikohan hoto
Zai yi wuya a samar da ka'idodi na daidaituwa don kula da orchids na lycast, tunda a cikin yanayin halitta jinsuna daban-daban suna girma a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Yawancin iri da kuma hybrids, bred by kiwo, sun fi dacewa da tsarin namo gida. A cikin kula da nau'in halitta, mai da hankali kan asalin tsiron, ko kuma a kan yanayin yanayin mazaunin.
Lycast orchids, asali daga yanayin latitude, yayi girma a cikin yanayin rashin zafi (35-45%) kuma baya buƙatar wadataccen ruwa da yawa. Mayar da hankali kan jihar na substrate: kar a bar shi ya bushe har na dogon lokaci, kuma stagnation na danshi zai cutar da jihar na tushen tsarin. A cikin maganar ta karshen, a cikin tushen keɓaɓɓen ɓoye za ku sami alamun bayyanar jujjuyawar tushen tsarin.
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta yin amfani da ruwa cikakke ne a cikin wani akwati na ruwa na mintina 10-15. Bari ruwa ya fita magudana ta ramuka sai kawai a mayar da orchid din a matsayin wurin da yake.
Babu wani yarjejeniya game da fesawa orchid lycast. Wasu daga cikin lambu sun ce a cikin watanni masu dumin zafi, mai sautin ya na buƙatar fesa ruwa a kai a kai. Sabanin ra'ayi shine cewa furannin fure kawai yakamata a fesa, saboda bayan magudanan ruwa na ruwan ganye sai an rufe su da kananan baƙo. Yi ruwan ciki da inflorescence, kuma shafe ruwa a cikin ganyayyaki tare da adiko na goge baki ko bushe m laushi. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine ƙasƙantar da iska a cikin ɗakin kanta (yi amfani da janarorin tururi, gumi na musamman). A lokaci guda, sanyaya daki a kai a kai, amma kada a bada izinin daftarin.
Don ban ruwa da yafawa, yi amfani da ruwa mai taushi (ruwa daga hazo na halitta, mai tace ko ruwan famfo na yau da kullun, amma har yanzu ruwa na tsaye), digiri da yawa yana da zafi fiye da yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin. Bayan yin shayarwa ko feshewa, toshe tsakiyar wuraren haɓaka don hana lalata.
Zai zama dole don ciyar da shuka kawai a lokacin lokacin girma. Ciyarwa 1 lokaci a cikin makonni 2-3. A matsayinka na taki, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da keɓaɓɓen abubuwan ɓoye na orchids, yayin da ake amfani da a ko kwata na kashi na shawarar da aka bayar akan kunshin.
Girma da kulawa da orchids na lycast akan bidiyo:
Yadda za a watsa lycastic
A cikin yanayin halitta, orchid yana jagorantar hanyar rayuwa ta epiphytic ko epilithic na rayuwa (tsiro a kan kututturen bishiyoyi wanda aka rufe da gansakuka, ƙasa da sau da yawa - a ƙasa). Lokacin da girma a cikin gida, yi amfani da kwantena tare da keɓaɓɓen rami don orchids. Ana iya siyan irin wannan silin a shagon fure ko kuma a shirya shi da kansa. Yi cakuda dangane da sassa biyu na yankakken haushi na conifers ko tushen fern, ƙara ɗayan sashin sphagnum gansakuka da gawayi.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana dasa orchid na lycast a kowace shekara bayan ƙarshen lokacin damuwa. Ranyen rhizome zasu yi girma, sabon pseudobulbs zai bayyana - ɗaukar akwati mafi girma. Kasancewar manyan ramuka na shara dole. Canza abin da ake ma canzawa, koda kuwa bai “rushe” ba.
Lokacin sake sabuntawa, a hankali bincika asalin. Yanke wuraren da suka lalace kuma suka mutu, yayyafa wuraren yankewa da foda na gawayi ko bi da ƙwayar cuta. Wannan gwargwado zai kare shi daga shigawar kamuwa da kwayar cuta ko fungal.
Fayil na Peduncle na bidiyo mai ɗaukar hoto:
Ragowar lokacin tsinkaye
Lokacin hutawa a cikin tsire-tsire nau'in ya fadi a cikin hunturu. A cikin wasu nau'in, ana iya lura da asarar ganye a duk lokacin rani. Wasu suna sauke ganye tare da yawan shekaru 2-3.
Da farko dai, wajibi ne don rage yawan zafin jiki na iska. Hakanan, tare da farkon lokacin hutawa, dakatar da ciyar da shayar da shuka. Saka idanu da yanayin pseudobulbs, kar a basu izinin lalacewa. Idan irin waɗannan alamun suka bayyana, sai a sanya ruhunyaya ta hanyar fesawa daga kwalban fesa. Idarfin wulakanci mai ƙarfi a haɗe tare da ƙarancin iska zai iya haifar da ci gaba da cututtuka. Tsirrai masu tsami ba su shiga cikin yanayin ɓoye ba, amma suna ci gaba da haɓakawa, suna ba da sabon shinge. A gare su, a cikin hunturu, samar da zazzabi na iska na 24 ° C, matsakaici mai ruwa da ƙarin karin haske.
Cututtuka da kwari, wasu matsaloli
Lycaste Orchid Lycaste Sunray Kyokomachi hoto
A cikin yanayin danshi mai wuce gona da iri, kamuwa da cuta ko cututtukan ƙwayar cuta yana yiwuwa, wanda ke bayyana ta hanyar juyawa. Wajibi ne a cire wuraren da abin ya shafa, wuraren sassan da aka yi maganin su.
The scabbard da mealybug sune mafi yawan kwari gama gari na orchid lycast. Idan rarraba kwari ba shi da mahimmanci, ya isa ka cire su da inji. Danshi yatsan auduga tare da maganin sabulu na 20% kuma shafa man. Idan akwai wani lahanin lalacewa, a kula da maganin kashe kwari.
Yawancin matsaloli da suka kara dagula yanayin da kuma bayyanar shuka suna da alaƙa da kurakurai cikin kulawa:
- Rashin tsaro, da kuma wuce haddi na hasken rana, yana haifar da rawaya na faranti na takardar;
- Lokacin da saukad da ruwa ya faɗo a kan faranti na ganye, yawancin archdioces suna lura da bayyanar ɗigon baƙi a cikin ganyayyaki;
- Tabbas raguwa a cikin girma da kuma rashin fure na iya haifar da wasu dalilai da yawa: salinization na substrate (lokacin da aka yi ruwa tare da ruwa mai wuya ko kuma kasancewar lokacin maye) rashin abinci mai gina jiki; watsi da bukatun sauran lokacin.
Lycast kiwo
Kaya Yanar Kaya Yanar Hoton Macama 'Atlantis' Atlantis '
Irin, har da na musamman hanyar yaduwa - meristemic (cloning) da ake amfani a lokacin da girma a cikin greenhouses, greenhouses.
A gida, ana yada lycast ta hanyar rarraba daji yayin dasawa. Za'a iya rarrabuwar tsirrai (bayan shekaru 2-3 na girma). A nutsad da orchid cikin ruwa, sannan a bar ruwan ya ɗanyi ɗan, a hankali a cire daga akwati a ci gaba da rarrabuwa. Fitar da rhizome tare da wuka na tsabta ko fatar kan mutum. Kowane tsage dole ne ya ƙunshi pseudobulbs 2-3 da kuma sabon tsiro. Don kariya daga lalata, bi da wuraren da aka yanke tare da maganin kashe-kashe. Kujeru a cikin kwantena daban da kuma ci gaba da kulawa kamar yadda aka bayyana a baya.
Nau'in kararrawa da hotuna da sunaye
Budurwa ta Lycast ko Skinner Lycaste virginalis syn. Kayan fata
Budurwa ta Lycast ko Skinner Lycaste virginalis syn. Hoton fata na fata
Ofaya daga cikin kyawawan orchids na halittar, mafi mashahuri a cikin floriculture. Kowane pseudobulb yana yin nau'i biyu na faranti na ganye. Peduncle 25-35 cm tsayi ya ƙare a cikin fure mai girma (inci 15 cm). Ganyen fari mai launin ruwan hoda mai haske, lebe mai kaɗa uku na farin dusar ƙanƙara mai launin shuɗi ko haske mai launin shuɗi, hakanan ana iya kasancewa a kan shi. Yana blooms tsawon wata (daga ƙarshen kaka zuwa farkon hunturu). Godiya ga dogon peduncles yana da amfani a yanke. Hybrids na zaɓi na Jafananci musamman sananne. Misali, likasta sakura - yana da fure mai ruwan hoda mai kauri tare da nisan 9 cm.
Lycaste gajere mai ɗaukar nauyin Lycaste brevispatha
Lycaste gajere mai ɗaukar nauyin Lycaste brevispatha
Oraramin orchid a ciki wanda faranti ya fi tsayi fiye da furen. Snow-fararen filayen na iya samun launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Sepals tare da fiɗa da aka juya baya suna da tint na launin kore, ƙoshin ruwan hoda ba da wuya su kasance. Adon kwano uku na lebe yayi rauni a hankali, dusar ƙanƙara ce mai dusar ƙanƙara, ƙoshin launuka masu launuka masu haske.
Likasta m Lycaste aromatica
Likasta ƙanshi na Lycaste aromatica
Ofaya daga cikin shahararrun furanni masu rawaya a cikin kayan lambu na gida. Hoton da furanni mai dumin rawaya mai launin rawaya-orange, fure yana tare da ƙanshin yaji mai ƙanshi. Akwai iri biyu: na farko yana da furanni tare da nisan mitar cm 4-6, sepals ɗin kunkuntar ne, gefan leɓen leɓenta yaɗuwa; na biyun yana da furanni masu kauri babba (kamar 8 cm), loans na farfajiya suna da faɗi.
Lycaste Kohleata Lycaste cochleata
Likasta Kohleata Lycaste cochleata hoto
Flowersanan furanni tare da diamita na har 4 cm sune rawaya, lebe tare da halayyar bloating a gindi, an tsinke ƙasa da ƙasa. Ƙanshi na inflorescences yana da daɗi musamman ga haƙoran haƙora - cakulan ne.
Lycasta jini ja Lycaste cruenta
Hoto Likasta mai launin ja ta Lycaste cruenta hoto
Kyakkyawan karamin orchid. Fure mai-fure-fure mai gajarta ne, a saman su akwai wasu ganye guda biyu masu launin fure mai haske, da ke ƙasa - fure tare da ƙanshin kirfa. Ganyen fure mai launin shuɗi-mai-launin shuɗi, launin tabarau ba a bayyane yake a gindin su (saboda haka, irin wannan kururuwa da sunan jinsin bai halatta ba). Sepals yadda ya kamata a mayar da martani, hular launin shuɗi-Emerald. Lokacin fure yana da watanni 1.5. Rashin nutsuwa yakan faru sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2-3.
Lycast macrophylla Lycaste macrophylla
Lycaste macrophyll Lycaste macrophylla var. daukar hoto
Babban orchid, mai tsayi kusan 0.7 m. Pseudobulbs na siffar mai siffar ƙwai ya tsaya zuwa 10 cm da 306 cm a diamita, galibi yana kwance akan tarnaƙi, tare da tsummoki mai tsayi da yawa. Fuskokinsu na kannun tsiro suna girma faranti mai siffa-fanni na 2-3, tsawonsu yana bambanta tsakanin 45-75 cm. A farkon lokacin hunturu, ganye sukan faɗi kowace shekara.
Peduncles gajere ne, har zuwa tsayi cm 20. A saman shine kawai fure mai girma da ƙanshi. Shades na sepals daga kore kore, launin ruwan kasa mai haske zuwa cakulan. Lebe da furanni fararen dusar ƙanƙara ne, an rufe su da ƙananan fulogi masu ruwan hoda, da mulufi ko shuɗi mai haske. Lokacin fure yana faruwa a ƙarshen bazara (Mayu), amma galibi ciyawar fure yakan bayyana a wasu lokuta na shekara.
Consobrina na Likasta
Consobrina Likasta consobrina
Fitowar fitaccen launi mai launuka iri iri mai kyau: fararen cibiyoyin sun kewaya da yaren rawaya mai walƙiya a cikin cibiyar, ƙaramar yaduwa biyu da keɓaɓɓu da bargo mai faɗi.
