Tushen tumatirin tsiron tsiro na tsiro (Paeonia anomala), wanda kuma ake kira da peony perem, ko peony marin, ko kuma peasas peony, ko na yau da kullun, pep ne na mallakar Peony. Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun irin wannan shuka a Siberiya, kuma ta fi son girma a cikin ciyayi, a cikin kwarin kogin, a gefuna da farin ciki na gandun daji gauraye. Wannan nau'in yana cikin haɗari, kuma an jera shi a cikin littafin Red na Jamhuriyar Komi. A cikin sunan nau'in, kalmar "anomala", wanda aka fassara a matsayin "baƙon abu" ko "ba daidai ba", ya bayyana saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin kaka wannan shuka ya bambanta da sauran wakilan halittar Peony a launinta. An shuka irin wannan nau'in tun daga 1788. 'Yan lambu suna girma da wannan peony kamar warkarwa da shuka mai ornamental. A matsayinka na mai shayar da magani, sunan wannan usanyen - tushen tushe - ya sami babban shahara.
Siffofin tushen tushe
Tushen marin marin tsiro na herbaceous rhizome yana da tushe, wanda girmansa zai iya kaiwa zuwa mita 1. Tushen tsarin irin wannan tsiron yana sararin sama. Ya haɗa da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta mai kauri, kazalika da gajeriyar launin fata mai gautsi. Jikin farin na tushen yana da dandano mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai daɗi. Sau biyu ternally dissected cikin lanceolate lobes petiolate faranti faranti suna da tsawon kusan 0.3 m da daidai nisa. Furanni a diamita sun kai daga 10 zuwa 12 santimita, suna kunshe da furanni 5 da aka fentin su a cikin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda, akwai kuma kannun alamu masu yawa. Flow ya fara a cikin Mayu ko Yuni. 'Ya'yan itace shine ganye-ganyen 3-5, a farkon farkon watan Agusta, tsaba masu launuka masu launin fari yakamata su girma a cikinsu.
Shuka tushen tushe
Saukowa tushe
Don yaduwar tushen marin, ana amfani da iri da kuma ciyayi. Idan akwai peony a cikin lambu, to za a iya yada daji ta hanyar rarraba rhizome. Yin amfani da kayan aiki mai kaifi sosai, dole ne a yanke shi zuwa sassa da yawa, yayin yin la'akari da cewa kowane yanki dole ne ya sami kodan da asalinsu. Ya kamata a yayyafa wuraren da aka yanke da gurɓataccen mai. Sannan an bar masu rarrabuwa a bude domin mage su bushe. Don dasa su, kuna buƙatar shirya ramuka na santimita 50x50x50 a girma, wanda kuke buƙatar cika 2/3 tare da cakuda ƙasa, yashi da humus, kuna buƙatar zuba 20 grams na superphosphate da gishiri na potassium a ciki. Ramin, tare da rabe-raben da aka sanya a cikinsu, an rufe su da ƙasa mai gina jiki, an daidaita farfajiyar. Dasa shimfidar buƙata na bukatar yawan ruwa. Lokacin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar yin la'akari da cewa nisan da ke tsakanin bushes ɗin ya kamata ya zama akalla 0.7 m. Ana fitar da peach na ɓoye kuma ya rarrabu a lokacin kaka da yamma ko a ranar ruwa. Bayan dasa shuki, shuka ba zai yi fure ba a lokacin farko. A shekara mai zuwa, tushen marin zai yi fure, amma fure ba zai yi yawa ba, tunda shuka na bukatar lokaci domin samun karfi.
Yana yiwuwa a girma wannan al'ada daga zuriya. Abubuwan da kuka tattara kanku suna buƙatar daidaitawa biyu. Da farko, an hada zuriyar tare da yashi mai laushi, inda yakamata ya ɗauki makonni 8-12 a zazzabi kusan 20. Bayan wannan, an sanya shi don watanni 6 akan shiryayyen firiji, wanda aka tsara don kayan lambu. Shuka abu, wanda aka adana don watanni 12 a zazzabi a ɗakin, an shuka shi a cikin ƙasa a buɗe a ƙarƙashin hunturu. A cikin bazara, ya kamata seedlings ya fito, wanda dole ne a kula da shi na shekaru 2. Bayan wannan kawai, ana iya dasa shuka zuwa wani wuri na dindindin, lura da nesa na 0.7-1 m tsakanin bushes.
Zaku iya girma peas na ɓoye a cikin yanki mai sheki ko ingantaccen ruwa. Needsasa tana buƙatar rijiyar da kyau, wanda ya ƙunshi babban adadin kwayoyin halitta. Idan ƙasa ba ta da kyau, to dole a ƙara takin ko humus a ciki don tono. Acidic ƙasa za'a iya gyara ta ƙara lemon tsami.
Maryin Tushen Kulawa
An rarrabe tushen Maryin ta hanyar dismanding din, kuma shima baida ma'amala yayin barinsa. Saboda haka, haɓaka shi akan rukunin yanar gizonku mai sauƙi ne.
Watse
Wannan inji ba ya buƙatar m ruwa. A lokaci guda, a ƙarƙashin daji 1, ana zubar da lita 20 zuwa 30 na ruwa. Don hana ruwa yaduwa a kan yankin yayin ban ruwa, ana bada shawarar tono sassan bututu a kusa da daji. Idan an zuba ruwa kai tsaye a cikin su, to za a tsoma shi cikin farfajiyar ƙasa, a ciki akwai tushen tushen marin. A farkon bazara, yayin ƙirƙirar buds, har ma yayin kwancen fure fure a watan Agusta, daji musamman yana buƙatar isasshen danshi. Lokacin da ake ruwa ko ana shayar da tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar sassauta farjin ƙasa kusa da bushes. Hakanan ya kamata ku cire duk ciyawa mai ciyawa.
Taki
Yayin da shuka yake ƙarami, ana bada shawara don ciyar da shi ta hanyar foliar. Irin wannan suturar ta fara yin ta ne a kai a watan Mayu. Don yin wannan, sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 30, ana buƙatar shayar da bushes daga abin sha, ana iya amfani da wannan don samar da Ingin ko takin ma'adinai. A wannan yanayin, a cikin guga na 1 na maganin abinci mai gina jiki kafin yin shawa kana buƙatar sanya babban cokali 1 na wanke foda ko sabulu mai ruwa. Ciyarwa ta wannan hanya ana ba da izinin fitar da peony da yamma ko a ranar girgije.
A lokacin girma m, girma shuke-shuke bukatar a ciyar da shi foliarly sau 3 tare da tazara tsakanin 20 days. Kuma kuna buƙatar fara irin wannan miya a rabin na biyu na Mayu. A lokacin ciyarwa na farko, ana amfani da maganin urea (50 grams na abu a cikin guga 1 na ruwa). Don riguna na biyu, a cikin kwandon ɗayan na urea-wanda ke ɗauke da sinadarai na gina jiki, an fasa kwamfutar hannu guda na microfertilizer. Don riguna na uku, ɗaukar kayan abinci mai gina jiki wanda ya ƙunshi 1 guga na ruwa da allunan micronutrient biyu.
Ana ba da shawarar ɗan adam bushes don ciyar da tushen hanya, duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin kowane zamani na ci gaba suna buƙatar wasu abubuwa. A farkon lokacin girma, tushen marin yana buƙatar nitrogen, yayin ƙirƙirar buds da fure, yana buƙatar phosphorus, nitrogen da alli, kuma yayin shimfidar fure na fure don shekara mai zuwa, phosphorus da potassium. Dangane da wannan, yayin da suke cikin kakar daya, ya kamata a ciyar da daji har sau 3 a hanya ta foliar:
- A cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Maris ko na farko - Afrilu, daga 10 zuwa 15 grams na potassium-nitrogen taki ya kamata a shafi kasar gona a karkashin babbar shuka. Idan har yanzu akwai dusar ƙanƙara a kan yanar gizo a wannan lokacin, dole ne a rarraba granules ɗin a saman danshi. Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara narkewa, abubuwan gina jiki da shuka ke buƙata tare da ruwa mai narkewa sun shiga cikin ƙasa.
- A cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu ko na farko - Yuni, ana ciyar da bushes ta amfani da maganin phosphorus-nitrogen-potassium (20:10:10). Madadin irin wannan maganin, zaku iya ɗaukar kwayoyin. Don haka, ana iya zubar da bushes tare da bayani na mullein (1:10) ko tsintsin tsuntsu (1:25).
- Bayan shuka ya bushe, bayan rabin wata a cikin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin daji kuna buƙatar yin 15 grams na taki potassium da adadin superphosphate. Kusa da shuka, kana buƙatar yin tsagi wanda a ciki ake rabawa adadin takin da ake buƙata. Sannan an zubar da ruwa mai yawa kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa.
Cin nasara
Lokacin shiri na shuka don hunturu, to, dole sai an yanke rassansa har zuwa saman ƙasa. Sannan ya kamata a rufe daji da itacen ash daga sama, biyu ko uku dintsi ya isa. Tsari don hunturu ya zama dole ne kawai ga samammu matasa waɗanda shekarunsu ba su wuce 3 ba. Kuma girma bushes ba sa bukatar tsari, kamar yadda suke da isasshen high sanyi juriya.
Cutar da kwari
Irin wannan shuka yana da tsayayya sosai ga cututtuka da kwari. Koyaya, yana iya, a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, haɓaka launin toka. Don hana daga irin wannan da kuma cututtukan fungal, da bushes bukatar a bi da sau 3 tare da bayani na Bordeaux ruwa (50 grams na abu suna riƙi 1 guga na ruwa). Ana fesa Tushen Marin a cikin bazara bayan fitowar matasa harbe, to ana magance shi kamar wasu ma'aurata tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-12. Lokacin fesa daji guda ɗaya, lita 2 zuwa 3 na mafita ya kamata ya tafi.
Wani irin amfanin gona yana da saukin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta ta kamfani. Don dalilai na rigakafin, ana kula da shuka tare da maganin maganin amotezlorlor na farin karfe (ana amfani da gram 60 na abu da kuma karamin adadin sabulu na ruwa da guga 1 na ruwa). Kuna iya maye gurbin sa tare da bayani na cakuda Bordeaux (duba sama) ko sulfur colloidal (100 giram na abu a guga 1 na ruwa).
Tushen Tushen Marin
Kamar yadda tsire-tsire na ornamental, a matsayin mai mulkin, nau'in lambu da kuma hybrids na korar peony suna girma. Tsarin tsire-tsire ba shi da irin wannan kyakkyawar bayyanar, sabili da haka, ana yin horar da shi don samo kayan albarkatun ƙasa, yayin da dole ne a ɗauka a zuciya cewa ana iya tattara shi daga bushes tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Tarin kayan albarkatun ƙasa ana yin su ne sau 1 a cikin shekaru 5 zuwa 6, yayin da ake yin aikin tushen biyu da ciyawa. Kuna iya tara kayan albarkatun a duk tsawon lokacin girma, amma ya fi kyau a yi hakan a lokacin bazara. Narkar da duk wani daji ba shi da daraja. Don farawa, tare da taimakon rawanin ko wuka mai kaifi, kuna buƙatar yanke wani sashi na daji da ke saman ƙasa. Ya kamata a lura cewa an sanya tushen da ciyawar irin wannan shuka dabam da juna don bushewa da ajiya. Ana tattara tarin dabbobi da zaran sun fara tashi a kusa. Don bushewa, an sanya su a cikin inuwa.
Girbi na tushen yana gudana a cikin dukkan lokacin girma. Dole ne a cire ragowar ƙasa daga Tushen da aka haƙa, sannan a wanke su a ƙarƙashin ruwan da ke gudana mai sanyi kuma a raba tare da wuka cikin tube, wanda ya kamata ya zama tsawon ba zai wuce santimita 15 da kauri ba kamar 30 mm. An shimfiɗa su a ƙarƙashin wata alfarwa ko cikin duhu, dakin da ke da iska mai kyau, inda yakamata ya kasance mai sanyi. Dole ne a bushe kayan da za su bushe har sai sun zama abu mai laushi. Bayan haka, dole ne a bushe su a cikin bushewa, saita zafin jiki zuwa kusan digiri 60. Lokacin da albarkatun ƙasa suka shirya, zai zama duhu mai launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa-mai launin shuɗi, dandanorsa zai ɗan ɗanɗano da wuta.
Hakanan ya kamata a bushe foliage da harbe a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa a karkashin alfarwa. Bayan albarkatun kasa sun zama brittle, an murƙushe.
Adanawa
Irin waɗannan kayan albarkatun ƙasa suna da ranar karewa. Ana iya adana shi kuma za'a yi amfani dashi bai wuce shekaru uku ba, sannan gawar ragowar kayan albarkatun. Ya kamata a adana ciyawar da aka bushe, ganye, fure da harbe daga tushen sa. Don ajiyar ajiya, kayan albarkatun da aka girbe daga kowane bangare na shuka an jefa su cikin kwali na kwali mai duhu. Kafin amfani dashi don manufar da aka ƙaddara, ya kamata ka bincika ko busasshen peony na maƙiyin yana da ƙanshin wari waɗanda basu saba da shi ba.
Kayan tushen marija: cutarwa da fa'ida
Warkar da kaddarorin marin tushe
Itace kamar tushen peony marin ya ƙunshi flavonoids, mai mahimmanci mai, tannins, sterols, saponins, sugars da resins, gallic da salicylic acid.
Amfani da tushen wannan tsirran yana taimakawa wajen kawar da damuwa da gajiya, da sauri bayan murmurewa mai tsawo, inganta hanyoyin haɓakawa a cikin jiki da kuma tsarkake gubobi. Hakanan suna da tasiri mai kyau a cikin jihar da kuma aiki da tsarin juyayi.
Irin wannan tsire-tsire yana ba da gudummawa ga samar da endorphin, wanda shine farkon farin ciki, saboda wanda mutum ya sami ci gaba a cikin yanayi ba tare da wata illa ba. Ana amfani da wannan tsiro yayin maganin ciwon kai, tari, hanta, ciwan ciki da cututtukan fata, gout, amai, zazzabin cizon sauro, tarin fuka, zawo, rashin bacci, cututtukan fata da cututtukan fata. Peasive peony yana taimakawa a gaban matsalolin "mace", wato: yana taimakawa wajen warkar da cutar mastopathy, rashin haihuwa, yashwa da fibroids, shima ana amfani dashi don zubar jini. Irin waɗannan kayan abinci na warkewa ana bada shawarar ga maza su rabu da rashin ƙarfi. Tincture a kan tushen wannan tsirrai yana da tasirin magani, yana kawar da ji da damuwa, damuwa da gajiya, yana taimakawa rashin bacci. Ko da irin wannan tushen yana da damar yin amfani da fatar a matsayin kayan kwalliya don inganta yanayin fatar, wato, magance sauƙaƙen fata da ƙoshin kumburi, da kuma ƙwayoyin mai. Irin wannan tsire-tsire zai taimaka da maganin eczema.
Contraindications
Tushen korar peony ya ƙunshi guba, sabili da haka, ta amfani da hanyoyi dangane da shi, ya wajaba a bi shawarar da aka ba da shawarar, ta kowane yanayin wuce shi. Ba a hana yin amfani da tinctures da kayan ado ta amfani da irin wannan tushen don maganin cututtukan ciki tare da yawan acidity da hypotension. Har yanzu ba a iya ɗaukar su yayin daukar ciki, da kuma yara a ƙarƙashin shekara 12. Amma balagagge mai lafiya yakamata ya ɗauki shawarar ƙwararren masani kafin ya ɗauki kowane magani wanda aka shirya kan tushen Maryin.
