Jaboticaba (ko Jaboticaba) itace itacen innabi wanda yake al'ada ce a cikin kowane gonar Brazil ko gona, kamar ciyayi na zahiri na gandun daji na gandun daji a cikin gonaki masu ɗumi a cikin yankuna masu dumi na Rasha da CIS. A cikin Kudancin Rasha, a cikin yankunan karkara tare da lambuna na hunturu, lambun Jabotikaba - itace maraba. Abin mamakin bayyanar saboda sabon tsari na furanni da fruitsa ,an itaciya, zai yi nasarar yin ado da “ciyar” kyawawan fruitsa fruitsan runduna, waɗanda suka nuna haƙuri da ƙauna ga tsirrai.
Jaboticaba, ko Jaboticaba (Myrciaria caulifloria).
Asali da yankin rarraba
Jaboticaba ya fito ne daga yankuna kudu na Brazil, dangin myrtle ne. Daga cikin masu karbar bashi wanda aka fi sani da suna Mirziaria stem-flowered ko stem-flowered. A cikin takin gargajiya - Myrciaria caulifloria. Jaboticaba an girma ne akan ma'aunin masana'antu akan yankin na Amurka (a Bolivia, Arewacin Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Peru, Cuba). Hakanan ana kiran shi Jaboticaba.
Abubuwan Halittu
Jaboticaba yana cikin rukunin kayan ado-deciduous na tsire-tsire masu ban tsoro daga 3-12 m na tsayi, suna ƙirƙirar berries mai cinyewa. Halin halittar Jabotikaba haɓaka ne mai sauƙi. Sabili da haka, sun dace da ganga mai girma a cikin nau'i na karamin itace ko bonsai a cikin wani ɗaki ko wasu nau'in sarari da aka rufe (gonar ganga, falo a cikin ofis, greenhouse). Idan kayi shuka irin shuka, zaka jira girbin shekara 10-14. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, godiya ga aikin shayarwa, an shayar da jabotikaba, wanda ke haifar da amfanin gona yana da shekaru 4-6.
Itace itaciya mai ruwan hoda mai shuɗi. Kambin jabotikaba yana tartsatsi, amma ƙarami a cikin girma, tunda ganyayyaki, furanni da 'ya'yan itaciyar wannan sabon itace suna kan rassan itace, tushe, da kuma kwarangwal. Tsarin furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa kai tsaye a kan rassan kwarangwal din rawanin da ramin shi ake kira caulifloria.
An rufe kambi na bishiya a bazara tare da kyawawan oval-lanceolate-kamar ƙananan ganyen elongated na launi mai laushi mai haske, tare da ƙanshin m na myrtle. A lokaci mai tsawo, ruwan hoda na ganyen jabotababa yana ba da cikakkiyar cikakkiyar koren duhu. Sannu a hankali fadowa a cikin hunturu, itaciyar a cikin bazara daga buds a wuri guda tana samar da sabon ganye.
Jaboticaba, ko Jaboticaba, ko itacen innabi na Brazil lokacin furanni.
Itaciyar tana yin kwalliyar kwalliya tare da furanni masu matsakaitan launuka masu girma da yawa waɗanda suka yi fure sau da yawa a shekara kai tsaye a jikin akwati da kwarangwal na itacen. Jabotababa furanni daga fure 4 na benaye, a hankali suna kewaye da sittin sittin akan stamens 4 mm. Saboda yawan furanni, farfajiyar akwati da rassan kusan ba sa ganuwa, kuma bayan fewan kwanaki kaɗan fruitsan kananan 'yan kananan zagaye sun bayyana, mai kama da moles.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari mãsu sessile, ana located matsananciyar a kan tushe ko reshe. Launi daban-daban - kore, ja, haske da duhu launin shuɗi ko baki. 'Ya'yan itace - Berry ne mai m elliptical har zuwa 4 cm, an rufe shi da fata mai yawa akan. A ciki, akwai manyan tsaba 2-5, wanda akan kira shi da sunan drupe. 'Ya'yan itacen da ke da cikakke suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko baki.
Jabotababa girbin da aka zaba kamar yadda yake toka. Bawo yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci saboda yawan abin da yake dashi. Sabili da haka, kawai ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara na itace da ake amfani da abinci. Yana da jelly-kamar, sweetish, mai taushi, yana kama da ɗanɗano na inabi. 'Ya'yan itacen sun girma don makonni 3-4, kuma itacen yana samar da sabon amfanin gona.
M kaddarorin Jabotikaba
An adana 'ya'yan itatuwa sabo ne na tsawon kwanaki 3, daga nan sai a fara amfani da giya. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da Jabotikabu don yin giya da sauran abubuwan sha marasa ƙarfi. Baya ga sabon amfani da berries, jam, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, marmalade an shirya, amfani dashi azaman kara a cikin ice cream da sauran narkar da abinci. Ana amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin girke-girke na biredi don abincin nama. Bawo ya rabu da abinda ke ciki na berry, bushe da amfani dashi azaman don bayar da launi mai zurfi mai zurfi don sarrafa berries (giya, jam da sauransu).
Jaboticaba ba kawai kayan ado ne na kayan ciki ba, samfurin abinci ne, yana kuma da adadin kayan magani. A likitancin mutane, ana amfani da kayan ado na 'ya'yan itace sabo ko wanda aka bushe don magance ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar cuta mai ƙwanƙwasa, ƙonewar ciki, da rage tsananin cututtukan asthmatic. Nazarin ilimin kimiyya bisa hukuma ya tabbatar da cewa abun da ke tattare da 'ya'yan itacen ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu rai waɗanda ke da ikon kare jikin ɗan Adam daga samuwar ƙwayoyin cuta. A wannan batun, yana da amfani a yi amfani da fruitsya ofyan jabotababa a cikin abinci azaman wakili na maganin cutar kansa. Lokacin amfani da sabo da kuma tsari mai kyau, yi hankali! 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da wasu kaddarorin masu halayen ƙwayoyin cuta kuma samfuran juna ne daban-daban. Yi hankali musamman lokacin cin berries tare da fata wanda ya ƙunshi wasu gubobi.
Shuka Jabotababa a gida
A cikin yankuna na kudu masu ƙanƙan sanyi, ana iya noma jabotababa a buɗe a fili. A cikin yankuna, har ma da ɗanɗana lokacin sanyi, baya tsira. Amma da aka basu kayan ado, kananan bishiyoyi suna kara fitowa fili a cikin wuraren da aka rufe, da wuraren adana dabbobi, da wuraren shakatawa, da kuma wuraren hutu na cibiyoyin jama'a. Dangane da hadaddun kulawa, fasahar noma ba ta bambanta da sauran al'adun wurare masu zafi ba.
Jaboticaba, ko Jaboticaba a cikin tukunya.
Jabotababa bukatun muhalli
Don shayarwa a cikin gida, ya fi kyau ku sayi tsire-tsire masu kunnuwa na 2-3. Shekaru 1-3. Idan ka sami tushe kuma ka fara haɓaka da kyau, zaka iya barin 1, ka ba sauran ga abokai. Jiki ya gaza shekaru 4-6, sannan ya fara kirkiro 'ya'yan itace da tsari, yad'auki kayan da yake ciki tare da sanya kamshi mai kyau na bayanin myrtle a cikin iska. Kamar sauran al'adun wurare masu zafi, don haɓakawa na al'ada da haɓaka na jabotababa, yana buƙatar inuwa mai fuska kuma kawai da safe da maraice a cikin karamin adadin hasken rana kai tsaye.
Ilasa da dasa
Lokacin girma jabotababa a ɗaka, an shirya cakuda ƙasa bisa tushen peat, gandun daji da filayen ganye, humus da yashi. Duk kayan abinci don cakuda an ɗauka a cikin 2, da peat, humus da yashi a cikin 1 yanki. PH na kasar gona yakamata ya kasance tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acidic (5.5-6.0).
- Ana saro shukar da ya sayi seedlings tsawon sa'o'i 4-5 a cikin tushen maganin,
- Suna dafa jita-jita tare da kyakkyawan malalewa (wani yanki na akalla 5 cm daga manyan shards da tsakuwa). Yi barci 1/3 na akwati damar cakuda ƙasa
- duba seedling. Idan ya cancanta, datsa Tushen 1/3,
- an shirya seedling an sanya shi a cikin akwati kuma an rufe shi gaba ɗaya tare da cakuda ƙasa. A hankali matse ƙasa kusa da tushe. Ana aiwatar da saukowa don haka wuyan tushe ya kasance a matakin ƙasa. Bayan dasa, a shayar da shuka a gefen ganga. Bayan minti 20-30, magudana ruwa mai yawa daga kwanon rufi.
Jaboticaba, ko Jaboticaba a cikin tukunya.
Ana aiwatar da jujjuyawar Jabotikaba kamar yadda ya cancanta, mafi yawan lokuta tare da babban girma na tushen tsarin a cikin karamin ƙara daga tukunya ko akwati na wani sifar. Kyakkyawan shuka ya ba da haƙuri ga tushen pruning. Shuka tsirrai ba sa yin jujjuyawa, amma kawai sai a canza saman zuwa sabon.
Watse Jabotababa
Bushewa kasar gona mummunan tasiri kan ci gaban shuka. Kowane ruwa mai biyo baya ana yin shi ta hanyar bushewa babban satin 1-3 cm na cakuda ƙasa. Soilasa da aka zubar an mulched. Ba a yarda da kwararawar ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi ba. Ana amfani da ruwa don ban ruwa mai daɗi, dechlorinated.
Taki da hadi
Tsarin aikace-aikace na cikakken ko hadaddun ma'adinai na takin gargajiya da furanni ke kara jinkirin ci gaban tsiro. Ana amfani da miya ta sama sau ɗaya a wata a ƙarƙashin ruwa a cikin nauyin 10-30 g na taki don shuka, ya danganta da shekaru. Takin tsire-tsire lokacin bazara-bazara. Ta hanyar faduwa, ana rage kashi na babban miya. A cikin hunturu, tsire-tsire ba sa ciyarwa. A lokacin bazara, kayan miya na saman foliar tare da abubuwan ganowa tare da abubuwan da ke wajabta na baƙin ƙarfe ana ɗaukar su (don kauce wa chlorosis).
Jabotababa Crown Formation
Jaboticaba a saman sashin kambi ya samar da rassa masu yawan gaske a kansa. Rassan a karkashin nauyin nasu na iya karya da lalata harbe makwabta. Don guje wa lalacewa da sauƙaƙe kambi, za a iya yanke rassan babba lokaci-lokaci, yayin cire matsanancin bushe da bushe. Jaboticaba yana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace mafi kyau kuma mafi yalwa tare da kambi mai ƙyalƙyali kaɗan. Pinging mai sauƙin ɗauka. Ku ciyar da shi a gaban farkon farawa (farkon farkon bazara). Runirƙiri don daidaita kambi da kusan ba zai shafi yawan amfanin itacen ba.
Jabotababa 'ya'yan itatuwa akan kananan rassan.
Cutar Jabotikaba da Karin kwari
Jaboticaba na iya lalacewa ta hanyar aphids da mites gizo-gizo. Idan yayin aukuwa na kwari, yana da sauƙi a cire su tare da shawa mai dumi, a baya yana rufe ƙasa a cikin akwati tare da fim. Idan lokaci ya ɓace, za'a iya bi da tsire-tsire tare da kwayoyi, amma a cikin yanayin babu sinadarai, amma nazarin halittu. Wadannan kwayoyi an yi su ne bisa tsarin wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani ko metabolites na ayyukansu. Wadannan sun hada da phytoverm, avertin, spark-bio, lepidocide, acarin da sauransu. Wajibi ne a shirya mafita kuma a aiwatar da feshin shara gwargwadon shawarar da aka shimfida akan kwantena ko rakiyar. Kyakkyawan samfuran kwayoyin halitta a cikin cewa ba su cutar da jikin mutum ba kuma bayan awanni 48 bayan aikace-aikacen, ana iya cin 'ya'yan itacen.
Idan ka yanke shawarar ƙara jabotababu a kusurwar hutu, bi dukkan buƙatun waɗannan tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin gaske don fasaha na haɓaka da kulawa. Tsire-tsire suna capricious kuma a mafi karancin karkacewa daga bukatun agrotechnical (rashin ko wuce haddi na ruwa, hadi, hasken wuta, zazzabi, da dai sauransu) na iya mutuwa nan da nan.
