Hypocyrta (Hypocyrta) - baƙon waje daga Kudancin Amurka, wakili ne na Gesneriaceae (Gesneriaceae). Daga cikin jinsunan su, ana samun epiphytes da semi-epiphytes, har ma da ciyawa da gefuna-shrub.
Theungiyar ta samo sunan ta ga shahararren masanin ilimin halittar-masaniyar dabbobi na karni na 19 Karl Friedrich Philip von Martius, wanda ya bambanta shi da wasu a cikin Amazon. Kalmomin Girka guda biyu “hypo” (a karkashin) da kuma “kyrtos” (mai lankwasa) sun samo sunan jinsin ne saboda abubuwan da aka fayyace na fure, a cikin sura wacce akwai babbar ma'ana ga ƙasa.
A cikin munafurci, siffar ganyayyaki suna cikin yanayin ellipse ko kwai mai juyawa: suna da kaifi. Daga cikinsu ana samun su ba kawai tare da shimfidar wuri mai haske ba, har ma tare da Fluff. A baya daga gare su ne kusan ko da yaushe purple. Furanni a kan shuka suna bayyana a gindin ganye a lokacin rani; siffarsu tana bambanta a cikin hanyar tubular tare da ƙara zuwa ƙasa. Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan, akwai samfurori na tsaye na 40-60 cm tsayi, ko kuma ke jan ciki, tare da tsayin tsayi na 10-15 cm .. Groungiyoyi suna ƙaunar munafunci don ƙoshin fure da furanni.
Kulawar hypocyte a gida
Haske
Hypocirrhoid yana da hoto sosai, amma ya fi son nuna haske ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Musamman a cikin lokacin dumi, lokacin da haskoki masu haske zasu iya ƙone ganye mai laushi, kar a basu damar faɗuwa. A cikin hunturu, shuka yana buƙatar haske mai yawa, amma, cikin sa'a, ba haka ba ne kullun kuma yana iya gamsuwa da hasken ɗan adam.
Zazzabi
A kowace kakar, yana da nasa, amma babban yanayin da ya sami nasarar bunkasar ta munafunci shine rashin ingantaccen zazzabi da zanawa. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na bazara: digiri 20-25, hunturu - digiri 14-16. Amma an ba da shawarar kiyaye munafikin tsiraici a cikin hunturu a zazzabi 2 ƙasa.
Jin zafi
Lokacin da fure yake girma sosai, tana buƙatar danshi mai yawa a cikin iska mai kewaye. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a jika shi da bindiga mai hurawa ko sanya sump tare da rigar sphagnum, ƙwaƙwalwa ko yumbu da aka faɗa a kusa.
Watse
Dankin yana buƙatar ƙara zafi kawai a cikin watering. Matsakaicin adadin danshi yakamata ya shiga cikin lokacin kaka, kuma a cikin hunturu, ruwa kadan yake, amma kada ku bushe kasar gona. Ruwa mai sanyi yana ɗaure mai nauyi a cikin munafunci; kawai amfani da ruwan dumi.
Ilasa
Madadin hypocytes ana iya shirya su ta humus, peat, yashi da ciyawar ganye a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1: 1. Idan ka zaɓi daga gidajen jujjuya na shagon, ya kamata ka tsaya a ƙasa don violet.
Da takin mai magani da takin zamani
Ciyar da munafurci shine kawai lokacin haɓaka mai ƙarfi, shine, a cikin bazara da bazara, sau 2 a wata. Don wannan, mai tattara ruwa mai ruwa-ruwa don tattara tsire-tsire na fure daga shagon ya dace sosai. Daga tsakiyar kaka zuwa ƙarshen hunturu, shuka ya kasance ya huta.
Juyawa
Munafikin haɓaka mai santsi ba ya buƙatar kwanciyar hankali na shekara-shekara, ya isa ya kammala shi a kowace shekara 2-3. An zaɓi tukunya gwargwadon girman tushen, ba babba. Kasancewar magudanan magudanar ruwa da voids na da mahimmanci, in ba haka ba za'a iya kauce wa juji daga cikin sassan karkashin kasa.
Turawa
Kafin barin shuka kadai, hypocytes zasu buƙaci rage ayyukan, cire kashi ɗaya cikin uku. Wannan hanya ta wajaba don mai tushe ga reshe mafi, kuma daga baya mafi yawan furanni sun bayyana. Saboda an ɗora su ne kawai a kan sababbin matakai.
Hypocyte haifuwa
An samo mafi kyawun tsire na munafunci daga ƙirar ƙamashin misali. Yaro na cikakke mai tsayi tare da 4-5 internodes an rabu da shi daga cikin balagaggen shuka a lokacin ciyawar. Yana ɗaukar tushe cikin ruwa ko wani cakuda don cut (yashi, perlite) ba tare da ƙananan ganye ba. An sanya shi a cikin yashi mai zurfi zuwa ga petioles na ganye na farko. Kulawa da shi ya saba, har ma da mafi yawan matakan tushen: greenhouse, samun iska, zazzabi mai kyau daga 22 zuwa digiri 24.
Bayan dogon Tushen ya bayyana, ana iya dasa bishiyar a wuri mai ɗorewa. Hypocyrrhiza ana shuka shi cikin ƙananan kwantena tare da pubescence a cikin yankuna da yawa a lokaci daya - an yi hakan ne don mafi kyawun kyakkyawa. Shafin hypocyte tare da ɗanɗano mai haske yana da wadatar ɗumbin yawa, don haka gangar jikin sa zata girma kyakkyawa kuma ita kaɗai, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ana bada shawarar a datse saman 1-2 na ciki.
Cutar da kwari
Powdery mildew ko launin toka mai yuwuwa na iya shafar munafuki idan mafi ƙarancin yanayin girkinsa an tsara shi ta hanyar tsari. Yayi girman zafi a cikin ƙasa kuma iska zata sami sakamako mai illa a cikin shuka. Idan kun lura alamun farko na cutar, cire harbe da ganyayyaki marasa amfani kuma amfani da shiri na fungicidal.
Sau da yawa wani shuka yana fama da hare-hare na aphids, sikelin kwari, fararen fata da kuma ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo. Don adana hypocyrrhiza daga gare su, yi amfani da kayan kemikal ɗin da aka shirya da aka sayar a cikin shagunan musamman.
Matsalolin Kula da Kiwon Lafiya
- Bayyanar launin toka ya kasance mai jure rashin ruwan sanyi ko tsawan tsayi tsakanin ban ruwa.
- Ba ya yi fure ko kuma akwai fewan furanni kaɗan - haske mara kyau, ƙasa mara dacewa, abinci mara kyau, ƙetare dokokin rikice-rikice, rashin matasa harbe.
- Ganyayyaki sun juya launin rawaya da lanƙwasa - hasken rana kai tsaye.
- Falls foliage da furanni - shuka da aka ambaliya, danshi ba ya barin Tushen ko low zazzabi.
Shahararrun nau'ikan hypocytes
Mafi yawan nau'ikan sun hada da: munafunci na monetary da tsirara munafunci.
Coin hypocyte (Hypocyrta nummularia)
Yana nufin epiphytes, yana da madaidaiciya mai tushe ba tare da rassan ba. Ganyenta masu kauri suna kama da ganyen bishiyar kuɗi, banda maɗauran haske a kansu, petioles da tushe. Leaukaka launin kore, suna gaban juna kuma suna da siffar zagaye. Furannin sun kunshi fure mai launin shuɗi-ja da toho mai zaki. Da zaran sun shuxe, ganyayyaki sun fadi a sarin jiki, kuma yanayin hutawa zai fara.
Hypocyte tsirara (Hypocyrta glabra)
Bambancinsa daga hypocyte na monetary yana cikin launi da salon ganye: suna da launi mai zurfi na kore, tare da farfajiya mai haske. Wannan wakilin epiphytic baya canza launi na foliage tsawon rayuwa. Rassanta suna tsaye, tare da kusan babu matakai a kai-tsaye, tsayin danshi da ya girmi girma daga cm 20 zuwa 25. Foliage da kananan petioles suna girma akasin akan kara, yana da zagaye. Girman ganye ɗaya: tsayin 3 cm, nisa 1.5 cm pedarancin shingayen kafaɗa suna haifar da inflorescence na furanni da yawa masu kumbura. Corollas dinsu ana samunsu ne daga abin da aka haɗu da su daga ciki kuma suna kama da filasha mai kewayawa tare da karamin rami a saman.
