Hoton Amaranth na fure Amaranth ko Amaranthus asalin halittar tsirrai ne na dangin Amaranth, wanda kuma ake kira shiritsa. Matsayi na asali na haɓaka shine Amurka, China, Indiya, Gabashin Asiya. A wasu ƙasashen Asiya, ana amfani da tricolor amaranth don amfani, kuma a cikin wasu, tare da gurɓataccen baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki amaranth, tsire-tsire ne na ornamental.
Amaranth ya fara haɓaka da gangan shekaru dubu 8 da suka gabata, lokacin da itsan asalin ƙasarta ta Kudancin Amurka da Meziko (Aztecs da Incas) suka shigo cikin abincinsu tare da wake da masara. Da yawa daga amaranths har yanzu ana horar da su a cikin tattalin arzikin ƙasa na waɗannan ƙasashe (musamman, paniculate da tailed amaranth), amma sauran nau'in su ne ko ornamental ko talakawa weeds (amaranth jefa baya, bluish).
A karo na farko a cikin Turai, amaranth ya bayyana bayan mulkin mallaka na Amurka. Mutanen Sipaniya sun kawo ta don amfani da furannin furanni, daga baya kuma aka fara amfani da ita don abincin dabbobi da hatsi. An fassara sunan "amaranth" daga Girkanci azaman "fure mara tushe". A cikin Rasha, inji shima yana da wasu sunayen mutane - karammiski, shiritsa, cockscomb, wutsiyar cat, axamite.
Yadda ake shuka tsaba amaranth a cikin ƙasa da seedlings
1. Shuka amaranth a cikin ƙasa
Menene amaranth seedlings yayi kama da hoto
Shuka shuka mai sauƙi ne: ƙwayayen suna ƙanƙanta, ya isa yayyafa su a saman gadaje kuma rufe su da rake a ƙasa. Idan a tsakiyar Afrilu kasar gona a zurfin 5 cm yana da zazzabi na 10 ºC, zaku iya sanya zuriya a kai tsaye. An fara amfani da ƙasa tare da gaurayawar ma'adinai (30 g a murabba'in mita ɗaya) ko hadaddun, bisa ga umarnin.
Lokacin zabar takin mai magani, lura da matakan aminci, tunda amaranth ya canza abubuwan da ke amfani da nitrogenous zuwa nitrates mai guba. Sabili da haka, kada a yi amfani da gaurayawan mai ɗauke da ƙwayoyin nitrogen mai yawa. Don ƙwaya mai nasara, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kammala dukkan matakan aiki akan lokaci. Don haka, idan an yi shuka akan lokaci, ciyawar ba zata sami lokacin shuka da nutsar da tsire-tsire ba.
Don haka, a ƙarshen Afrilu, ƙasa ta kasance da danshi kuma ana yin tsagi a ciki 2-3 cm zurfi. An shuka tsaba a hankali a cikin su, waɗanda aka haɗe tare da yashi a cikin rabo na 1:20 don dacewa. Tsakanin tsaka-tsakin tsabtatacce shine faɗin cm cm 45, kuma tsakanin tsirrai dake cikin tsummoki shine cm 10 Tunda tsaba suna da ƙanana, mahimmin abu ne mai mahimmanci.
Amaranth ta bayyana bayan kwanaki 8-10, bayan wanda aka fitar da shi, har ila yau ake bushe ƙasa. A lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings a watan Mayu, kar ka manta su rabu da ciyawa. Lokacin da amaranth ya kai tsawo na 20 cm, an ciyar dashi da takin nitrogen a cikin rabin kashi da umarnin ke buƙata. Shukewar tsiron, ko kayan lambu ne ko na amaranth na ado, na faruwa ne a watanni 3-3.5.
2. 'Ya'yan tsirrai na amaranth a gida
Amaranth girma daga tsaba photo
Tabbatacce kuma yana da sauƙi girma amaranth ta wannan hanyar.
- An shuka tsaba a cikin kwandon shara a watan Maris. Zai iya zama kwandon filastik ko ƙananan tukwane.
- Dasa ne za'ayi kamar haka: kasar gona tana daɗaɗa kuma a hankali an watsar da ƙananan canje-canje a saman substrate, kawai sai a rufe su da ƙasa (kawai yayyafa shi a saman).
- An sanya akwati a cikin wuri mai haske da dumi. Da zaran danshi a cikin kasa yake raguwa, aka yayyafa ruwa a saman.
- Idan ɗakin ya yi sanyi, an ɗora Kwandon zuwa zazzabi na 22 ºC. Idan ana yin la'akari da duk waɗannan yanayin, amaranth zai taso cikin mako guda.
- Da zaran da seedlings bayyana, suna thinned fita, barin kawai karfi sprouts. Bayan bayyanar ganye na ainihi uku, an dasa matasa amaranth a cikin ƙananan tukwane na mutum tare da diamita na cm 12. Ka tuna cewa ya kamata a yi wannan a hankali sosai har sai seedlingsan itacen su ka da tushe. Zai fi kyau amfani da ɗan ƙaramin yatsa ko cokali mai yatsa a watsa wani tsiro tare da ɗimbin arzikin ƙasa.
- Amaranth ke tsiro da sauri, kuma cikin makonni uku ya zama cikakkiyar seedling tare da haɓaka 15-20 cm.
Yadda ake shuka amaranth, kalli bidiyon:
3. Amaranth saukowa
Ana dasa shukar Amaranth a ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da ya rigaya yayi ɗumi, kuma sanyi baya haifar da barazana. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wannan shine ƙarshen ƙarshen Mayu. Zaɓi yankin da ke da fitila mai cike da ƙasa mai haske da amintaccen malalewa. Ko da ƙasa ba ta da shiri sosai, ba taushi ba ce. Wannan inji ba shi da ma'ana kuma yana girma cikin yanayi daban-daban. Abin sani kawai mahimmanci a samar dashi da yawan zafin jiki mafi kyau kuma ya hana tara yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa.
Amaranth saukowa da hoto mai kulawa
Yadda ake dasa amaranth. Placedalingsan itacen, a shirye don dasa, ana sanya su cikin ƙasa a kan gadon filawa a nesa na 10-30 cm a jere kuma 45-70 cm tsakanin layuka. Sannan ana shayar dashi a kai a kai, kamar yadda seedlingsan itacen suka ɗauki tushe na dogon lokaci su zauna ba tare da ci gaba ba. Idan yanayin sanyi ya shigo a wannan lokacin, an rufe 'ya'yan itace, saboda ba zasu iya jure yanayin zafi ba.
Amaranth care
Amaranth tsire daga dangin amaranth
Wannan shuka baya buƙatar kulawa musamman. Dukkanin ayyukan kulawa ana yin su ne kafin lokacin haɓaka, wato, a farkon watan farkon namo. A wannan lokacin, suna buƙatar a shayar dasu, an cire ciyayi, kuma an shuka ƙasa. Amaranth tana haɓaka da sauri sosai a cikin girma, saboda haka ba ta buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Akwai ranakun da amaranth ke ƙaruwa da girman ta 7 cm a kowace rana. Ruwa furannin kawai farkon wata, har saiwoyin yayi zurfi. Sannan an ƙara ruwa kawai lokacin tsananin fari.
Ana ciyar da abinci sau 3-4 a shekara tare da ash a cikin rabo na 200 g da lita 10 na ruwa ko tare da mullein a cikin rabo na 1: 5. Ciyar da tsire-tsire da safe, nan da nan bayan da ruwa.
Fahimtar bidiyo game da girma da kuma kula da amaranth:
Amaranth bayan fure
Bayan fure, amaranth na iya zama mai ban sha'awa ga waɗanda suke son tattara tsaba daga gare ta. Don yin wannan, zaɓi tsire-tsire mafi girma kuma adana ganye bayan fure. Lokacin da ƙananan ganye ke canza launin ja kuma ta bushe, tushe yana zama fari - wannan shine lokacin girbi. Ana aiwatar da tarin iri a lokacin bushe, yankan babban inflorescences. Sannan an bushe su a cikin ɗakin har sai tsaba sun zubo daga yardar kaina a cikin akwatunan a cikin panicles. An tattara su a cikin akwati ko jakar takarda kuma adana su don shekara ta gaba. Rayuwar rayuwar su ta wuce shekaru 5.
Amaranth hunturu
A cikin yankinmu, ana yin amaranth a matsayin shekara-shekara, saboda baya jure hunturu. Lokacin da shuka ya gama tsarin rayuwarsa, sai a cire ragowar gonar furanni a sanya shi a cikin ramin takin (idan ba su da cututtukan fata da cututtuka) ko kuma a ƙone su. Bugu da ƙari, za a iya ciyar da aladu da kaji tare da sashin amaranth na sama, saboda yana da wadatar sunadarai, carotenes, bitamin, da sauran abubuwa masu amfani.
Bayanin Amaranth
Hoto mai haske Amaranth Tri-launi
Furen yana da duka mai sauƙi kuma mai tushe mai tushe, wanda dukkan ganye suke da lanceolate, rhomboid ko ɓoye cikin siffar. Tushen farantin ya zama daidai ya ratsa cikin petiole, da kwararonsa - tare da ƙarawa da ƙira. Furanni suna zaune a cikin sinuses, suna da ja, zinariya, koren launi ko shunayya, wanda yake a cikin bunches ko ƙyalli mai fasalin launuka a saman. 'Ya'yan itacen shuka akwati ne wanda ake tattara ƙananan ƙananan tsaba. Gaba ɗayan tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya suna da launin ruwan hoda, kore ko launin shuɗi. A wasu halaye, dukkanin launuka suna nan a cikin shuka ɗaya. Amaranth na iya samun tsayin 30 cm zuwa 3 m, ya danganta da nau'in. A cikin gadaje na fure, ana noma shi azaman tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Hoton Amaranth ja
Amaranth ba shine tsire-tsire da aka fi so don kwari ko cututtuka ba, saboda haka ya fi wuya. Wani lokaci aphid, weevil yankuna akan ganye. Don haka, na farko ya bayyana idan lokacin rani ya cika da ruwa sama sosai, kuma ana amfani da murfin huda a cikin mai tushe na amaranth, an hana ci gabansa. Don kawar da waɗannan parasites, ana kula da tsire-tsire tare da funganone, karbofos da actellik.
Tare da wuce haddi danshi a cikin ƙasa, cututtukan fungal kuma zasu iya bayyana. Don rabu da mu da su, an fesa fungicides akan amaranth. Magungunan da suka fi cin nasara su ne sulfur colloidal, chloroxide na jan karfe, da kuma sulfate na tagulla.
Iri amaranth da ire-irensa
Paniculata amaranth (Amaranthus paniculatus)
Amaranth ta ba da tsoro Amaranthus paniculatus hoto
Mafi mashahuri nau'in wannan shuka, wanda aka girma a cikin fure, yanke don bouquets da sauran dalilai. Yana girma zuwa 150 cm a tsayi. Tana da ganyayyaki masu ɗorewa na launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da nunin halayyar halayyar.
Yana blooms tare da kananan ja furanni forming madaidaiciya inflorescences. Lokacin ruwa - daga Yuni zuwa sanyi. Yin noma tun daga 1798, yana da ire-irensu iri-iri, ana haɗa su a cikin rukuni uku. Don haka, rukunin nana tsiro ne mai saurin girma har zuwa 50 cm tsayi, cruentus sune amaranths tare da jan inflorescences ja, kuma sanguineus are inflorescences.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, manoma na fure suna amfani da ƙananan amaranths, musamman, irin waɗannan nau'ikan:
- Roter Dam, Roter Paris - amaranths 50-60 cm tsayi, ya bambanta ta furanni maroon mai ban sha'awa da foan launi iri ɗaya;
- Toraramin fitila, Grunefakel - tsayin waɗannan nau'ikan yana da 35 cm kawai, kuma launi na inflorescences yana da launin shuɗi mai duhu da duhu;
- Biscuit mai zafi shine amaranth mafi tsayi, wanda ya haɗu har zuwa mita a tsayi, yana da ganyayyaki kore da furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Amaranth Dark (Amaranthus hypochondriacus)
Amaranth Dark (Amaranthus hypochondriacus
A matsakaici-sized, kananan-branched daji tare da nuna oblong-lanceolate ganye na halayyar m-kore launi. Blossoms a cikin duhu ja, inflorescences ne a tsaye karye-mai siffa panicles. Girma a 1548. Kyakkyawan nau'in ja mai haske na amaranth, sanguineus, yana da rataye inflorescences.
Mafi mashahuri iri sune:
- Pygmy Torch 60 cm tsayi, tare da kyawawan furanni masu launin shuɗi suna juyawa zuwa cikin ƙwanƙwasa a cikin bazara, har da ganye masu launi;
- Green Tamb 40 cm mai tsayi tare da furanni da ganyayyaki na launi na emerald, wanda ya sa ya zama sananne tsakanin masu furannin fure.
Amaranth tricolor (Amaranthus tricolor)
Amaranthus-launi na Amaranthus tricolor hoto
Wani nau'in matsakaiciyar matsakaici, wanda aka bambanta shi ta hanyar sanya alama ta musamman, sakamakon abin da daji ke da siffar pyramidal. Ganyenta ba su iyawa, elongated, sau da yawa tare da wavy gefen, suna da launin rawaya, ja da koren launi, wanda ke da matukar kyau ga lambu. Lokacin hurawa - daga Yuni zuwa karyewar sanyi.
Akwai irin wannan nau'in:
- loosestrife (salicifolius) - yana da kunkuntar ganye na tagulla-kore 20-santimita ganye;
- ja-kore (rubriviridis) - ganyayyaki suna da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, an rufe shi da filayen kore;
- ja (roba) - ganyen farin launi ja;
- mai haske (ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaya) - ganye mai duhu mai duhu tare da launin ruwan kasa.
Haka kuma akwai nau'ikan kayan ado da yawa, sune:
- Amaranth Haske - babban shuka, wanda ya kai 70 cm, yana da manyan ganyen launuka daban-daban. Don haka, ganyen ganye yana da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, to, ya yi duhu zuwa launin ja-orange mai launi, a ƙarshe ya juya ya zama tagulla;
- Aurora - wanda aka san shi da rawanin furanni mai launin shuɗi;
- Airlie Splender - ganye na sama masu laushi, ,asa kuma tana tsarkakakken kore, black kusan baki ne.
Amaranthus caudatus (Amaranthus caudatus)
Amaranthus Caudatus Amaranthus caudatus
Kabilar asalin 'yan asalin Afirka ne, Kudancin Amurka da Asiya. Yana da babban madaidaitan kafa daya da rabi, a waɗancan manyan ganye ne na nau'in elongated. Launinsu yana tsarkakakken kore. A lokacin furanni, yakan samar da daskararren pan pan, wanda a ciki ake tattara furannin rasberi ko duhun shuɗi mai duhu a cikin glomeruli. Lokacin ruwa - Yuni-Oktoba. Girma a 1568.
Akwai irin waɗannan siffofin wannan amaranth:
- fararen-mai launin fari - yana da fure-fararen furanni;
- kore - furanni waɗanda suka shahara tare da masu furannin fure suna da launi mai launin shuɗi;
- dutsen ado-dimbin yawa - ta inflorescence ne a cikin wani nau'i na whorl, wanda a kanta kama dutsen ado.
An kuma rarrabe nau'ikan gurgun amaranth biyu:
- Rothschwanz - inflorescences na ja daban-daban
- Grunshwanz - yana da furanni masu launin shuɗi mai haske.
Kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan babban daji ne mai girman 75 cm, yana ɗaukar sarari da yawa a cikin flowerbed.
Amfanin da illolin amaranth
Hoton kayan lambu Amaranth
Yawancin masana kimiyyar zamani sun lura cewa amaranth wata shuka ce da zata iya magance matsalar yunwar a Duniya. Tabbas, waɗannan maganganu ne da ba'a faɗi ba, amma gaskiya ne. Da fari dai, amaranth an gama cin abinci ne. Kowane ɗayan sassan jikinta suna da amfani ga jiki, suna da abubuwan gina jiki da yawa, musamman tsaba. Don haka, a cikin abubuwan haɗin su akwai yawancin kitse mai mahimmanci wanda ya dace don metabolism na al'ada, watau oleic, linoleic, stearic, palmitic. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa ana amfani da amaranth don yin samfuran abinci da abinci iri iri. Hakanan a cikin wannan shuka akwai squalene, rutin, steroids, carotene, bitamin na rukuni B, D, P, C da E, pantothenic da bile acid, da sauran abubuwa.
Ganyayyakin Amaranth basu da ƙaranci fiye da alayyafo, amma akwai wadataccen furotin wanda ya ƙunshi lysine. Kuma wannan amino acid ne mai mahimmanci, wanda aka sha daga amaranth sosai fiye da sauran samfurori (soya, masara, alkama). A cewar Jafananci, ganyen ganyayyaki na amaranth suna da kama da naman squid, saboda suna da tasiri mai sake sabuntawa, kuma sun mayar da jiki sosai bayan ranar aiki mai wahala.
Duk nau'ikan amaranth suna da amfani kuma mai arziki a cikin abubuwan halitta masu aiki.harda ado. Amma wannan ba yana nuna cewa yana da daraja cin amaranth na ado ba, kamar yadda ƙaddarar da ta ƙaddara ta bambanta. Wannan kuma an bayyana shi ta hanyar alamar waje - nau'in kayan ado suna da duhu.
An yi man kayan lambu daga tsaba amaranth, wanda yake da amfani sau da yawa fiye da buckthorn na teku. Sabili da haka, ana amfani dashi don dalilai na kwalliya (don sabunta fata, ƙirƙirar ɗamara da mayuka, kariya daga fata).
Kuma idan an fitar da amaranth, tsiron sa ba zai rasa wata fa'ida sama da madara uwar, saboda haka ana amfani da su sosai wajen dafa abinci da magani. Don haka, amaranth yana magance kiba, neurosis, atherosclerosis, dysbiosis da sauran cututtuka. Ana amfani da tsaba amaranth don kula da kodan da hanta, adenoma prostate, matsalolin zuciya, da cututtuka na tsarin urinary. Haka kuma, akwai ingantacciyar shaidar tabbatacciyar hanyar magance cututtukan neoplasms tare da amaranth.
Hanya guda don amfani da amaranth ita ce ƙara ganye zuwa salads.. Gurasar da aka samo daga hatsi za a iya haɗe ta tare da alkama, fiye da canza canjin abinci da aka dafa da kuma inganta kayan su. Ana iya samun tsaba Amaranth sau da yawa akan gurasa, kankara. Kuma don yin gwangwani cucumbers crispy duk hunturu, ƙara takardar amaranth zuwa gilashi. Yi la'akari da recipesan girke-girke ta amfani da wannan shuka.
Kayan zaki tare da kwayoyi da kuma amaranth. Suna zafi da zuma da mai, suna ƙara tsaba da kwayoyi amaranth, suna zuba komai a cikin yumɓu da sanyi a cikin firiji. Daga nan sai su fitar kuma su gutsuttsura.
Amaranto Salatinm. 200 g na kore amaranth an haxa shi da 50 g na matasa tafarnuwa da 200 g na ganyen da aka ci a baya. Duk wannan an murƙushe shi, a yanka, a ɗanɗana shi da mai mai sunflower.
Saurin. 300 g na kirim ana dafa shi, bayan wannan ana haɗe su da 100 g na cuku mai taushi da 200 g na yankakken amaranth ganye. Dumi cakuda a wuta har sai cuku ya narke.
Miyan Kurtara. An shirya shi da tsintsiya, gilashin da aka riga aka soya da daddare kuma a tafasa. Sannan a karas da karas da albasarta a yankakken a cikin broth tare da kaftan a cikin blender. Amaranth tsaba a cikin adadin 0.5 kofin ana dabam Boiled na minti 25, to, suna gauraye da a baya samu mashed dankali a baya. An ƙara masara gwangwani a cakuda, ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami don dandana kuma an kawo shi tafasa.
