A cikin mutane, balsam yana da sunayen laƙabi da yawa: alamar alama, haske, Vanka-vstanka, rigar Vanka, har abada launi. Balsam yana girma, duka a cikin tukunya akan windowsill, kuma yana jin daɗi a cikin lambu. Asalin halittar sa yana da nau'ikan tsiro kimanin 400 na shekara-shekara da tsararrun tsire-tsire. Yawancin nau'ikan Bals din a cikin kulawarsu ba ya buƙatar mai yawa ƙoƙari. Gina a kan windowsill, shi blooms duk shekara zagaye, da sauran suna kan sirri na mãkirci da kuma gadaje fure.
Wajibi ne a zauna akan kulawar balsam, inji na gida da tsire-tsire a kan titi. Digon mai narkewa na farko. Yawancin lokaci, balsam da geraniums na kusa suna girma akan windowsills na bourgeois. Wani jami’in da bai dace ba daga aikin A.N. Ostrovsky yana da sunan mahaifin Balzaminov. Wannan na iya fada da yawa. A lokacin bayyanar karfin Soviet, kaunar giwayen da ke tsaye a kan mafarki, ruffles da adon ruwa da yadin da aka saka, an yi furanni cikin tukwane a kan taga an yi musu ba'a da ba'a. Dukkanin abin tausayi ya lalace. Amma lokaci ya wuce, rayuwar ɗan Soviet yana samun lafiya, kuma komai ya koma ga da'irori: ruffles, kirjin jan zane, giwaye. A cikin gidaje akan windows windows sun dawo da tukwane na fure, daga na farkon shine balsam. Ya kasance mai launin launi mai haske kuma baya buƙatar kulawa mai yawa. Da shigewar lokaci, nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da nau'ikan balsam sun bayyana, amma kulawa ta kasance mai sauƙi ɗaya kuma mai araha.
Kulawar Balsam
Wannan fure mai fure yana tsirowa a kowane wuri mai haske na gidan, amma abin mamaki shine blooms, yana tsaye akan gabas ko gefen kudu maso gabas. A gefen yamma, zai ba da launi mai yawa idan wannan ɗakin yana da girma da haske. Balsamine ba zai iya tsayawa tsayin daka ba - ba zai iya rayuwa a karkashin haskakawar rana kai tsaye ba, kuma ba zai yi toka a kusurwar duhu ba. Ana iya sanya shi tsakanin windows biyu. Lokacin furanni, zai sami fure mai haske fiye da balsamines da ke tsaye akan ɓangaren hasken hasken windowsill. A lokacin bazara, balsam na gida yana jin daɗi akan baranda, baranda, gazebos. Amma tunda tsire-tsire ne mai ƙyalƙyali, iska ko ruwan sama na iya cutar da ita. Balconies, baranda, arbor za a iya yi wa ado da ingantawa daga balsam, petunia, begonias, geraniums. Zai yi kyau.
Zazzabi, shayarwa, kayan miya
A lokacin dumi, kowane zazzabi ya dace da balsam don girma da fure. Nan da nan canje-canje na iya kyakkyawa da yawa lalata shuka. Lokacin hunturu ya kamata ya wuce da zazzabi ba ƙasa da digiri + 12-16.
Ruwa yana fifita balsam mai yawa. Idan inji yana cikin dakin, to, ana yin ruwa kowace rana. Yana da kyawawa cewa kwanon da tukunyar ya zauna a ciki zurfi. Don balsam, ruwa mai wuce haddi baya wanzu. Idan shuka ya kasance a cikin sarari, to, ana yin ruwa kowace rana, haka kuma ana fitar da ruwa yau da kullun. Yin amfani da irin waɗannan hanyoyin, ƙarancin iska zai haɓaka, kazalika da dakatar da bayyanar gizo-gizo gizo.
Rigar hunturu na faruwa sau ɗaya a kowace kwana uku ko sau biyu a mako. Shuka ta girma a cikin hunturu, don haka ya zama dole don sarrafa adadin ruwan da ya saura bayan ban ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi. Lura dole ne a cika shi da danshi, bushewa ya raunana tsirar da kanta. Idan ƙasa tana da laushi sosai, to, tururuwar ruwa a cikin ƙasa zai faru, kuma wannan yanayi ne mai dacewa don kiwon ƙwayayen midges - sciaridae.
Manyan miya
Don yalwar fure mai kyau da girma, shuka yana buƙatar miya babba a kowane lokaci na shekara. Daga bazara zuwa kaka, lokacin da aka hana ci gaban shuka, ana amfani da miya ta sama sau ɗaya a kowace kwana goma tare da taki don furanni. Ciyar da takin nitrogen da phosphorus mai maye gurbin ya tabbatar da kyau. Adadin yawan riguna masu sanyi na hunturu an rage su, amma ba a cire su gaba ɗaya ba. Tare da saɗaɗaɗaɗa ɗaya na kowane wata, shuka zai yi kyau. Abubuwan da ke tattare da hadi na ciyawar da aka gabatar cikin kasa a cikin hunturu ya hada da phosphorus da potassium.
Juyawa
Balsam tsirrai ne na fure. Wasu masoya furanni suna jujjuya shi duk shekara biyu, kamar yadda ake jan harbe-harbe, ganye yakan faɗi, tsire-tsire suna lalata cututtuka da kwari, wanda ke shafar bayyanar. Da farko dai, wannan ya shafi tsire-tsire waɗanda ke yin kayan haɗin kai tare da wasu furanni. Kwayar da aka dasa itace tayi haske kuma tayi yawa, tana da kyau sosai. Lokacin dasawa, kuna buƙatar tuna da rulesan dokoki waɗanda zasu taimaka haɓaka kyakkyawan shuka. Tsarin tushen ya dace da tukunya. Ya kamata ya zama matsakaici a girma tare da ɗan ƙasa.
Balsam na fure lokacinda tushen tsiro ya girma zuwa irin wannan girman wanda ya mamaye duk sararin tukunyar, yana mamaye dunun dajin baki ɗaya. Haka kuma, kuna buƙatar dasa violet. Idan kuka dasa ganye a cikin babban dutsen fure, zai ciyar da ƙarfinsa don cika ɗaukacin ɗaukacin tushen sa, kuma babu isasshen ƙarfi don fure. Zaku iya girma da wadatar fure mai launin launuka daban-daban a cikin tukunya ɗaya. Don wannan, ana ɗaukar furanni dabam dabam kuma an dasa shi a cikin tukunyar da ta fi girma. Sun haɗu daidai a tukunya ɗaya, suna haɗa juna.
Kasar gona
Lightasa mai haske ya dace da balsam, yawanci shine madaidaicin haske na tsire-tsire na fure shekara. Idan an mamaye ƙasa da ma'adinai, nitonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, to wannan zai haifar da saurin girma na fure mai haske da ƙaramin fure mai fure. Kuma a sakamakon haka, furanni bazai iya fitowa kwata-kwata. Kuna iya shirya cakuda kanku don dasa shuki (balsam):
- ƙasa gauraye da ganye - sassa biyu
- earthen cakuda (Turf ƙasar) - sassa biyu
- takin (humus) - sassa biyu
- peat - yanki guda
- yashi - sassa biyu
Don juyawa, cakuda humus da yashi (2: 1) ya dace. An ɗauka daga ƙarƙashin maple, linden, bishiyoyi a gonar.
Ciki sosai
Pinching an yi shi ne, don fure mai tsauri (dwarf iri irin balsamine baya fada a karkashin wannan aikin). Bayan irin wannan tsari, ana samun kyakkyawan fure mai cike da kyawawan furanni tare da furanni masu yawa. Wajibi ne a kula da bayyanar da kullun a koyaushe. Ana cire furanni da ganye da ganye, wanda ke ba da izinin shuka don fitar da sabon launi, da kuma hana kwari da cututtuka daban-daban daga hari. Idan mai tsiro ya bar ganye, ya zama rawaya ko ya fara lalacewa, to wannan shine farkon alamar cewa ya sami damuwa. Wani zazzabi mai kauri ya faru, hasken ya canza, wani daftari mai karfi ko fure ya cika makil. Wajibi ne a gyara kurakurai nan da nan.
Kiwo
Balsam za a iya yaduwa ta zuriya da ƙwaya. Tsarin iri shine mafi yawan aiki. Sun yi barci a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse, amma ba gaskiyar cewa za a samu nau'in fure mai tsammanin ba. Zai fi kyau a yada ƙwayoyin cuta ta amfani da itace. An yanke saman shuka tare da tsawon 6-7 santimita tare da internodes biyu. Ana cire ƙananan ganye a kai. Hannun yana tsoma baki cikin ruwa, in ba haka ba zai bushe. Makonni biyu baya, saiwoyin nan zai fara tashi daga tushen sa. Za'a iya dasa shi a ƙasa. Yankan kuma suna da tushe a cikin yashi, a cakuda ƙasa. Abun da ke ciki za'a iya yi da kanka. Don yin wannan, ɗauki ɗayan peat, wani sashi na substrate don mulching (vermiculite) da sassan biyu na perlite. Kuna iya sauka a cikin kwanon filastik. Balsam zai fara girma, ya sami ƙarfi. A tsawon lokaci, ana iya watsa shi zuwa wurin da aka nufa.
