Daya suna, Korean Fir, ya nuna cewa itace daga Koriya ne. A Tsibirin Jeju, kusan dukkan gandun daji suna cikin waɗannan bishiyoyi. Wannan tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire yana da kambi mai conical mai yawa kuma yana iya girma zuwa mita 15 a tsayi. Haɓaka cikin yanayi mai dacewa, na iya rayuwa shekaru 150 ko fiye. Waɗannan halayen masu dacewa sune:
- Bude wuraren. Zai iya girma da haɓaka a cikin inuwa, amma ya fi son bude wuraren da akwai haske mai yawa.
- Ƙasa mai dacewa. Ji mai kyau a kan loam, a kan dan kadan acidic, dan kadan alkaline da haske kasa.
- Isasshen adadin danshi. Itace mai ƙaunar danshi wanda baya jure raunin danshi lokacin bushewa.
Kamfanin fir na Koriya ke tsiro da sannu a hankali - bunƙasarsa ta shekara 3-5 cm ne. A cikin daji, galibi yana girma a cikin tsaunika, yana fifita tsaunuka daga mita 1000 zuwa 2000. An rufe bishiyoyi masu balaga da haushi mai launin ruwan ƙasa-ja kuma suna da allurai saber-duhu mai launin shuɗi mai tsawon cm 10 cm.Wasu fenti masu launuka masu launin shuɗi-siliki suna kama da silinda 5-7 cm tsayi kuma faɗin cm cm.
Wannan itaciyar tana sanye da tsari mai kauri, mai zurfi mai zurfi. In ba haka ba, ba zai yiwu ba - tsaunin dutse, tsaunin dutse, "hare-hare" na monsoons. Girma a cikin irin wannan mawuyacin yanayi ba tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen kawai ba zai iya rayuwa. Ana iya samunsa a cikin gandun daji gauraye. A karo na farko kenan, aka kera kamfanin fir na Koriya a shekarar 1907.
Tsarin Koriya da ƙirar ƙasa
Duk da cewa Korea ita ce mahaifarta, ta fi jin daɗi a tsakiyar hanya. Wannan bishiyar itace mai tsananin kyau tayi kyau a kowane yanayi, sabili da haka ana amfani dashi cikin nasara a cikin tsarin ƙirar ƙasa. Sakamakon jinkirin girma, ɗan shekaru talatin da ke tsiro zuwa tsayin daka bai wuce mita 3 ba, sabili da haka tsawon lokaci yana riƙe da sifar, wanda aka kirkira ta halitta ko ta wucin gadi. Tare da firan wasa na yau da kullun, akwai siffofin kayan adon na, ƙanana kaɗan, waɗanda lambu ke amfani da su don nasarar shimfidar filayen rani.
Ta yi kyau a kan tushen coniferous da deciduous plantings. Kyakkyawan makwabta na Koriya fir za su iya zama - Birch, barberry, Maple, thuja, Pine, spruce, cypress, juniper. Za'a iya dasa nau'ikan ƙarami da dwarf a cikin tubs ko kuma amfani dashi don wurare masu tsaunuka. Wannan bishiyar ba ta yarda da yanayin birane ba, saboda tana da hankali ga gurɓataccen iska, amma tana ci gaba ba tare da matsaloli a bayan birni ba. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da nau'in fir na yau da kullun a cikin plantings guda ɗaya, da ƙananan girma-da girma dwarf don amfani dashi cikin rukuni. Amfani da wannan itaciyar yana yiwuwa ya samar da shingen rayuwa.
Saukowa da kulawa
A lokacin da dasa shuki fir, dole ne a haifa tuna cewa seedlings daga 5 zuwa 10 shekara da haihuwa sun fi kyau tushe. Don dasa shuki, an kafa rami mai sauka tare da faɗin 50x50 cm da zurfin 60-80 cm. Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, to dole ne a samar da magudanar ruwa. Don yin wannan, ana zuba maɓallin tsakuwa ko tubalin da yakai kusan cm 20 a ƙasan ramin Don cika ramin, an shirya ma'adinan daga cakuda lãka, ƙasa, humus, peat da yashi (2: 3: 1: 1). Tabbatar daɗa takin ma'adinai (nitroammofosk), wani wuri 200-300 gram da kusan kilo goma na sawdust. Lokacin dasawa, kuna buƙatar sarrafawa cewa tushen wuyansa ya zauna a matakin ƙasa.
Bayan dasa, seedlings suna buƙatar danshi, musamman a lokacin rani. Ana shayar da su a cikin adadin 15-20 na ruwa a kowace shuka sau 2-3 kuma, idan ya cancanta (musamman a cikin zafi), an yayyafa kambi (yafa masa). A shekara ta 3 bayan dasa shuki, ana amfani da wagon Kemagon a cikin nauyin kilogram 150 a kowace muraba'in bazara. Fir itace mai kaunar ruwa, amma baya jure kasancewar yawan danshi. A lokacin girma, kwance ƙasa ga zurfin 25-30 cm kuma yakamata a yi ta mulching. Don ciyawa, sawdust, kwakwalwan katako ko peat sun dace, wanda aka zuba tare da yanki na 5 cm zuwa 8 cm a cikin da'irar akwati. Shuka, kodayake sanyi-mai tsayayya, amma a farkon shekarar dasa shuki dole ne a kiyaye shi daga tsananin sanyi, an rufe shi da rassan spruce ko wasu kayan taimako. Nan gaba, idan itacen ya yi ƙarfi, ba a buƙatar irin wannan kariyar.
Samun kambi na fir ba a kera shi ba, amma wannan na iya zama dole, musamman bayan lalacewar rassan a sakamakon tsananin sanyi na lokacin sanyi. A wannan yanayin, an cire rassan da suka lalace kuma wataƙila za ku iya haɓaka haɓakar kambi.
Kiwo Korean Fir
Yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba da ƙwaya. Tsaba da aka girbe a farkon sukan. Shuka za a iya yi a cikin kaka ko bazara, amma kafin hakan dole ne su kasance masu sassauƙa. Don yin wannan, tsaba suna tsayayya da kwanaki 30-40 zuwa wani zazzabi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga mafi yawan saurin shuka. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin bazara, zaku iya zuwa dusar kankara. A saboda wannan dalili, ana yin dusar ƙanƙara a wani wuri kuma an ɗora tsaba a kan daskararren dusar ƙanƙara.
Sa'an nan kuma an rufe tsaba tare da bambaro kuma an ɗora filastik a kai. Don haka duk wannan an sake rufe dusar ƙanƙara. Don yaduwa ta hanyar yankan, an zaɓi harbe shekara tare da toho a saman ɗayan zaɓi. Lokacin da aka yadu da shi ta hanyar yankan itace, ana kafa kambi na itace mai zuwa da kansa. Shekaru 10 na farko, masu yankan sunyi girma a hankali, sannan kuma da sauri, kuma don haka yaci gaba da girma.
Nau'in Fir
Fir na gidan Pine ne, kuma wannan dabi'ar tana da nau'ikan sama da 50 waɗanda suka zama ruwan dare a cikin yankuna masu tsaunuka na Arewacin Hemisphere. Ga manyan nau'ikansa:
- Asiya fir. An dauke shi wani nau'in fir na subalpine. Yana girma a cikin gandun daji gauraye na yammacin Arewacin Amurka a tsawan mita 1200-2600 sama da matakin teku.
- Balsam fir. Yana girma a cikin gandun daji na Arewacin Amurka da Kanada, har ya isa iyakar tundra, kuma ana ɗaukarsa shine mafi yawan nau'ikan waɗannan wurare.
- Farar fata ko fir. Homelandasar mahaifarta ita ce tuddai na Tsakiya da Kudancin Turai.
- Farar fir. Wannan shi ne mafi yawan nau'in Rasha ta gabas, amma ana iya samunsa a China da Koriya.
- Vinca Fir. Mafi nau'in kayan ado na ado kuma yana girma a Tsakiyar Japan akan tsaunin tsauni a matakin 1300-2300.
- Fir ya girma. Daya daga cikin saurin girma. Wannan itaciyar na iya yin girma zuwa tsayi mita 100.
- Fir na Greek ko Kefalla. Mahalli shine Kudancin Albania, Girka (Peloponnese Peninsula, Tsibirin Kefallinia) kuma mallakar tsibirin Subalpine ne.
Yawancin masana sunyi imanin cewa daga dangin Pine, fir shine ɗayan kyawawan bishiyoyi.
