Kwakwalwar daji kusan ba shi yiwuwa a lura a cikin ciyawa, ba kawai saboda launinsa mai launi iri iri na tsuntsaye ba, amma kuma saboda girmanta mai saukin yanayi. Irin nau'in tsuntsayen zamani da layin dogon suna da girma, ana dacewa da su a rayuwar tsuntsayen da aka kamo su, ana bayarwa, gwargwadon akida, yawancin adadin abincin ƙwai da kwanciya a kan tebur.
Kodayake nau'in dabbar tsuntsayen daji a cikin duniya sun daɗe suna zama abin farauta, mazauna kudu maso gabashin Asiya sune farkon waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar tsuntsayen gida. Saboda haka, an yi imanin cewa magabatan babban nau'in dabbar tsuntsaye su ne mazaunan tsibirin Jafan. Daga baya, yayin zabin wucin gadi kuma saboda yawan rikice-rikice na tsuntsayen kiwo cikin sauri, nau'ikan da ke da ban sha'awa daga matsayin ra'ayi game da kiwo ya bayyana a wasu sassan duniya.
Wadanne ne nau'ikan kwandon kwalliyar zamani da halayensu? Wadanne tsuntsaye ne suka fi dacewa girma a kansu?
Hotunan launuka masu kyau da kwatancin irin kwalliyar kwantar da tsuntsayen, wadanda suka shahara a duniya kuma tsakanin masu kiwon kaji, zasu taimaka sosai wajen fahimtar ire-iren wannan kaji da samun tsuntsayen yadda suke so da bukatunsu.
Jafananci quail
A sassa daban daban na duniya suna rayuwa irin wannan nau'in kwalliya ta talakawa. Duhun tsuntsayen, wanda dayan Jafanawa suka mallakeshi a karon farko, har yanzu ana samunsa a yankuna da yawa na Gabas ta Tsakiya da Primorye, a China da gida, cikin ofasar Rana.
'Ya'yan quails na Jafananci sune kananan tsuntsaye masu launi masu launin motley tare da jikin mutum, gajerun fuka-fukai waɗanda kusan basu dace da jirgin ba, kuma kusan wutsiya ce mai iya yankewa.
Kamar yadda yake a yawancin yan majalisun, maza masu kwalayen kwalliya na Jafanan suna da launi mai haske fiye da mace. Ƙirjinsu masu launin ruwan kasa, kuma hens suna da haske.
Girman tsuntsu mai girma ya kai gram 130, kuma ƙwancin kwanciya na mace ya kai ƙwai 300 a cikin kalanda a shekara. Tunda ya fada hannun masu shayarwa, quail na Jafananci a yau sun zama masu aiki da sauri, an samu nau'ikan da ke da nauyi mai yawa. A lokaci guda, an kiyaye kyawawan halaye na wannan nau'in: unpretentiousness ga yanayin tsarewa da kuma kariya ga yawancin cututtuka masu haɗari ga tsuntsaye.
Mangurian Golden Quail
Kyakkyawan tsuntsayen zinare suna kama da takwarorinsu na Jafananci, amma tubalinsu ya fi sauƙi kuma yana da launuka dabam dabam. A tsakanin manoma kaji a Rasha, wannan nau'in dabbar tsuntsaye ya zama sanannu sanannu saboda ɗimbin yawa. Ana rarrabe tsuntsaye ta hanyar kyakkyawan nama da ƙoshin kwai mai kyau. Haka kuma, giyan nama Manchurian quail tare da mata na wasu nau'in yana ba da sakamako mai amfani. Zuriyar irin wadannan kungiyoyin kwadago sun fice don girmanta da saurin asarar nauyi.
Shekaru daya, macen wannan nau'in tsuntsayen ta kawo sama da qwai 220 da suka girma ga wannan nau'in tsuntsayen. Matsakaicin nauyin yanki shine gram 16, lokacin da yawancin dangi ke da kwai wanda nauyinsu ya wuce gram 9 zuwa 12.
Irin wannan nauyin kwai ba abin mamaki bane idan kun san wani halayyar halittar quail. Mace iri iri na Manchu na iya girma har zuwa gram 300, wanda ya ninka adadin gawa na quail na Jafananci. Alamar maza ba ta da ƙaranci, wadataccen abincinsu, kyakkyawa ga masu dafaffen gawawwakin suna da nauyin gram 200.
A yau, manoma masu kiwon kaji suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyu na girma Manchu, dabbar zinare na zinare. Don samun manyan qwai tebur, yawan sanya hens an kiyaye daga maza. An kirkiro iyayen iyaye ne kawai lokacin da ya zama dole don samo qwai don shiryawa.
Quail Fir'auna
Ganyen masarautar Fir'auna sakamakon aikin magabatan Amurkawa ne. Bayyanar tsuntsu ta bambanta da launi “daji” na zahiri, yayin da quail yafi girma fiye da magabatan Jafan. Kamar danginsu na Manchurian, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna ƙara yawan nauyin, wanda a cikin mata ya kai 300, kuma a cikin maza - 240 grams. Yawan ƙwai na wannan nau'in tsuntsayen ya ragu. Har tsawon shekara guda, macen ta kawo manyan qwai tebur 220.
An tabbatar da kyawawan halaye na dabbar kwandon kwarjinin, wanda shahararrun makiyaya da manoman kaji na Amurka suka tabbatar a kasashen Turai da Rasha. Zuwa yau, akwai da yawa daga cikin dabbobin da makiyaya daga kaji suka samu daga kasashe daban-daban. Kuma masu shayar da Amurkawa ba su tsaya a cikin ayyukansu ba.
Tsibirin Texas
An kafa a kan tsuntsayen fulawa a Texas, tsuntsaye na wani nau'in nama an gasa nan da nan, wanda nan da nan manoma masu sha'awar kiwon kaji ke cikin duniya. Waɗannan farar fata ne farar fata na Texas ko farar fata, har ma sun fi gaban magabatanmu girma.
Yarinya mace daga cikin wannan nau'in ta girma zuwa rikodin gram 400, yayin da maza ma kadan ne. Koyaya, ana iya bambanta tsuntsaye ba wai saboda yawan su da girman su ba, har ma da kamannin su. Texas quails suna da farin farin plumage, wani lokacin tare da kananan guda aibobi, mai fadi da baya da kirji. Launin launuka wanda ba shi da kyau ya rinjayi launin fatar tsuntsu, don haka gawawwakin farin Texas ta fi kyau ga masoya kyawawan ƙoshinan fata fiye da naman duhu ko daskararre mai launi.
Manoma masu kiwon kaji suna maganar farin farin Texas a matsayin mara ma'ana, dabbobi masu saurin girma, cikin matsakaiciyar abinci.
Estaiyan kwabil
Dangane da jinin irin wannan nau'in tsuntsayen kamar tsuntsu, Fararen Ingilishi mai farin Jiiba ya karɓi tufan Estoniyan. Wannan itace abincin kaji da kwai mai ban mamaki iri-iri, wanda aka karɓa daga magabatansa ikon kula da samar da kwai, juriya da rashin ma'ana don lokacin rikodin.
A cikin wakilai, waɗannan nau'ikan tsuntsaye ne da ke zagaye da jiki, gajeru, kamar duk tsuntsayen da ke da dangantaka, fuka-fukai, gajeriyar wuyansa da koma baya. Launin tsuntsun yana da kusanci da halitta. Maza suna da haske kuma sun fi mace girma. Magana ne game da quail daga Estonia, mutum ba zai kasa yin magana ba game da kwazonsu a farkon kwai.
Da yake farawa a cikin kwanaki 37-40, mace zata iya bayar da kwayayen dozin zuwa 30 a kowacce tana nauyin gram 9-12 a shekara. Tsuntsaye da kansu ba su da ƙima fiye da dangin nama. Matsakaicin matsakaicin gawa shine giram 120-130, amma tare da irin wannan ƙaramin nauyi naman yana da daɗin rai.
Turanci bakar fata baƙar fata
Yawan tsuntsayen duhu mai duhu da launin ruwan kasa kuma wasu lokuta kusan ana samun ɓacin rangaba daga matsanancin Japan a cikin Burtaniya mai girma. Ana kiran wannan nau'in bakaken fata na Ingilishi da sauri kuma ya bazu cikin kasashen Turai baki daya, bayan da ya isa Rasha. Idan aka kwatanta da magabatan, wannan ciyawar ta quail ta fi wadatar abinci, amma a baya tana cikin ƙimar girma kuma ba ta da sha'awar rushwa.
Mace na bakaken fata na Ingilishi suna girma har zuwa gram 200 na nauyi, maza suna da matsakaicin nauyin kusan 170. Kowace shekara, Layer yana kawo ƙananan 260-280 ƙananan qwai mai laushi. Saboda kwatankwacinsu da kwanciyar kwanciya kwalayensu, tsuntsayen sun yi fice tare da manoma makiyaya.
Turanci farar fata
Britishasar Britaniya ta biyu nau'in kwalliya tana da banbanci da takwarorinta baƙar fata. Farafuwar quails na Ingilishi suna cikin nau'in kwai, amma lokacin da suka bayyana a cikin kicin, gawawwakinsu sun fi waɗanda suke cikin duhu duhu, wanda ke ƙara sha'awar masoya a cikin wannan kaji.
Quails suna da farin fari kamar yadda yadace, kodayake launin ruwan kasa, baki, ko aibi na zinari abin yarda ne. Fara farawa da shekaru 40-45 kwanaki, quail a cikin kalandar shekara ba 280 qwai. Yawan rayuwar matan Ingilishi farin quail shine 160-180 gram, kuma maza sun haura zuwa gram 160.
Tuxedo Quail
Asalin bayyanar tuxedo quails yana jan hankalin mutane da yawa da ra'ayoyi game da manoma kiwon kaji ga wannan irin. Yawancin da aka samu ta hanyar tsallake tsuntsayen Ingilishi fararen fata da baƙi suna da koyarwar kwai, amma suna da ƙimar nama ga gidaje masu zaman kansu.
Wakilan nau'in sun mallaki wani sabon abu, saman fari da fari mai ban tsoro, canza launi zuwa quail mai yiwuwa ga maye gurbi, saboda kwanan nan masu shayarwa sun samo quails tuxedo, har ma da tsuntsayen kyawawan “marmara plumage”. A cikin irin wannan quail akan fararen fata, haske mai launin shuɗi-kan launin fuka-fukan a bayyane yake. Ba sabon abu bane a bayan fitowar Pizza zinare, shuɗi, launuka mara nauyi. Matsakaicin mace ta 'yar akuya ta tuxedo ba ta wuce gram 160, kuma maza sunada kankanta. Amma wannan baya hana tsuntsu mai ban sha'awa ya kawo har zuwa qwai 280 a shekara.
Fina-fain na fenti na kasar Sin
Baya ga 'yan kwalliya na kasar Japan, tsuntsayen Sinawa masu zane tare da jan ciki da kyawawan zanen da aka saka a wuya da baya sune sanannu a duniya. Ba kamar tsuntsayen ƙasar Japan ba, waɗanda suke da yawa fiye da ɗaya, wannan tsuntsun ya fi son yin rayuwarsa gabaɗaya da wanda aka zaɓa ɗaya. Labarin quail ba shi da ma'ana kuma yana da sauƙin daidaitawa ga yanayi daban-daban na tsarewa, yana kishin gida kansa da kariya.
Tunda wannan daddawa 'yan kwalliya suna kanana kadan, ana yin aikin kiwo a Asiya da Turai don haifar da kiwo tare da mafi kyawun nama da ƙirar kwai.
Budurwa kwalliya
Bayan samun manyan sakamako a cikin gida na talakawa dabbar kwasfa, masu kiwon kaji suna yin yunƙurin inganta tsuntsayen, waɗanda aka ɗauka a zamanannan, a cikin gonaki masu zaman kansu. Misali shine asalin Americanan asalin Amurka - aan faransa da ƙwaya. An rarrabe ta daga nau'ikan da aka saba da ita ta hanyar tsotsewar jiki, manyan idanu da kuma gajere na gajere. Tsuntsayen suna da launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da alamun haske mai haske da fari a cikin gashinsa. Fuskokin fari a bayyane suke a kan shugabannin maza.
Wadannan ciyawar dabbar quails sun fi girma fiye da yadda aka saba, amma yanzu da wuri don magana game da jan ragamar nama da gyara haruffancin furanni, kodayake bayan kyawawan kiba suna da ƙima na abinci. Haɗin ƙwai yana da girma. Amma masu ƙaunar tsuntsayen kayan ado za su yi godiya da ƙwanƙolin zinare da daskararren Virginia.
Kalmar quail ta California
Mafi kyawun sabon abu da kwalliyar dabbar kwalliya ita ce nau'ikan California. An wakilta shugaban wakilan wannan dabbar dawa da wata karamar sultan daga gashin fuka-fukai masu duhu. Jikin manya, har tsayi 25 cm tsayi yana zagaye, mai yawa, da wutsiyarsa, kodayake ya fi na sauran dangi, har yanzu gajere ne. Quail yana da kirjin convex, wanda aka yi wa ado da fuka-fuka ko launin rawaya tare da baki mai iyaka, farin rabe-raben fuka a goshi da kunci. Olive baya da motley wuya. Mace ba ta da haske kamar maza, amma abin lura sosai fiye da takwarorinsu maza da mata.
Tsuntsaye an riga an kyankyashe kuma ana kiwonsu don nama, haka kuma don yin ado a wuraren da aka shirya lambun. Tsuntsayen matan aure suna da aure kuma da wuri. Kajin faransa na Califonia na iya fara balaga tun yana dan shekara 35.
