Yi kama da farin kabeji, broccoli ana ɗaukacin daraja saboda ƙarancin kalori mai ƙima, kaddarorin lafiya da babban dandano. Yawancin mazaunan rani na zamani sun zaba ta zama babban al'adun lambun, tun lokacin da broccoli, wanda ba shi da wahalar shukawa da kulawa a cikin bude ƙasa, yana ba da kyakkyawan girbi har ma a yankuna masu gajeru da lokacin bazara.
Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu don dasa shuki:
- seedlings (daga tsaba);
- seedling.
Kowace hanya tana da fa'idarsa kuma ya dace don girma broccoli a cikin ɗakunan rani da lambun.
Fasaha
Girma tsintsiya a cikin ƙasa buɗe daga seedlings shine mafi dacewa kuma hanya ta gama gari wanda ke ba ka damar hango iya adadin yawan amfanin ƙasa da adana yawan tsire-tsire.
Shiri na tsaba don girma seedlings yana farawa a farkon bazara. Don samun ƙwararrun ƙwayoyi masu inganci masu inganci, ana jera tsaba, ana zaɓan manyan samfuran da ba a haɗa su ba. An shuka su a cikin kwalaye waɗanda aka cika da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ƙaramin alkaline.
Soilasa don shuka tsaba ya zama sako-sako da kuma permeable, don haka an saka kayan magudanar ruwa a ƙasan akwatunan.
Ana sanya zuriya cikin ƙasa a nesa na 2-3 cm daga juna a cikin tsaka-tsakin m. Kafin farkon harbe ya bayyana, yawan zafin jiki na iska a cikin dakin da ake shuka ciyawar bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da + 20ºС ba, bayan shuka tsiro zai iya rage zuwa + 10ºС.
'Ya'yan bishiyoyi na Broccoli suna haɓaka cikin hanzari, don haka bayan makonni biyu suna buƙatar nutsewa. Zai fi kyau a nutse cikin ƙananan tukwanen peat, wanda, tare da farkon zafi, tare da kananan tsire-tsire za a iya dasa su a ƙasa.
Yawanci, ana dasa bishiyoyi a kan gado ba a farkon wata ɗaya ba bayan shuka tsaba, lokacin da ganye 5-6 ya bayyana a kabeji. Dasa broccoli a cikin ƙasa a cikin unguwannin bayan gari, har ma da sauran yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi, ana yin su ba da farko ba daga Mayu kuma kawai a cikin ƙasa mai kyau da rana.
Hanyar girma broccoli daga tsaba
Domin kada ya rikici tare da kwalaye da seedlings, zaku iya girma broccoli a gonar daga tsaba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm a ƙarshen watan Afrilu. Saboda haka farkon farawa na broccoli ya bayyana da sauri, ƙasa dole ne ya kasance m lokacin dasa shuki.
Shuka broccoli a cikin ƙasa a cikin Urals, da kuma a wasu yankuna tare da sanyi da gajeren lokacin rani, ya kamata a yi kawai tare da taimakon sanyi-da-farkon nau'in kabeji. Yin amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka yanke a cikin yankuna ba zai dace ba, tunda kabeji bashi da lokacin shuka. Kuna iya shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa a cikin wurare masu sanyi ba a farkon Mayu ba.
Fasalin Kulawa da Broccoli
Girma da kuma kula da broccoli a cikin filin ba da bambanci ba ga bunkasa wasu nau'in kabeji kuma zai yuwu ga kowane mazaunin bazara. Broccoli yana ɗayan tsire-tsire marasa fassara. Koyaya, domin shuka don gamsar da girbi mai yawa, ƙasa a kan gado tare da broccoli dole ne a kwance a kai a kai, kuma kabeji da kanta dole ne a hado shi kuma a shayar.
Watse
Watering broccoli ya kamata a yi akalla sau 1 a mako. Domin kabeji ya yi girma da girma, ya zama dole ruwa ba kawai tushen tsiron ba, har ma ya yayyafa ganyayenta.
Manyan miya
Don broccoli don farantawa girbi mai karimci, dole ne a ciyar dashi sau uku a kakar. Karo na farko - makonni 2 bayan dasa shuki a cikin lambu. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da takin gargajiya kamar babban miya (alal misali, tsullen kaza ko mullein).
Ana yin miya mai zuwa ta amfani da nitrate 'yan makonni bayan na farko. Na uku hadi tare da phosphorus-potassium da takin ne da za'ayi a lokacin bayyanar farkon inflorescences.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
A namo da kulawa da broccoli a cikin filin wani lokaci yana da rikitarwa saboda kwari da cututtuka wanda za'a iya fallasa wannan kabeji iri-iri. Babban karin kwari na broccoli na iya zama:
- slugs;
- malam buɗe ido kabeji;
- kabeji tashi;
- aphids.
'Ya'yan itace, ganyayyaki da inflorescences na iya shafar cututtuka irin su keel, blackleg, rot, mosaic, peronosporosis.
Don sarrafa kwari, ana amfani da magunguna na musamman. Game da cututtukan broccoli, an cire samfurori marasa lafiya daga gonar, kuma ana kula da inflorescences lafiya tare da mafita na musamman.
Girbi
Yanke shugabannin broccoli ya zama kore, ba jiran bayyanuwar furanni rawaya ba. Idan broccoli yayi fure a fili, ya zama bai dace da amfanin ɗan adam ba. Zai fi kyau kada a yanke irin waɗannan shugabannin kuma a bar su a gonar su sami tsaba.
Kar a cire broccoli daga ƙasa bayan yankan shugaban kabeji. A cikin broccoli, harbe suna girma sosai da sauri daga sinuses a kaikaice, daga wanda zai iya samun amfanin gona.
Hotunan da aka gabatar na namo kayan masarufi a cikin fili suna nuna cewa tare da yin amfani da ruwa na yau da kullun da kuma kiyaye ka'idodin kulawa na yau da kullun, kowane mazaunin rani zai sami damar samun wadataccen amfanin gona mai kyau irin wannan kabeji mai daɗi.
