'Ya'yan innabi, al'adu ne na dogon lokaci waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa mai saurin zane daga lambu. Namowar inabi a cikin gida na rani yana da wahala, saboda a ƙaramin yanki ba shi da sauƙi a kera sarari mai yawa ga itacen inabi, don samar da harbe da isasshen haske da zafi.
Lokacin zabar nau'in innabi don takaddar mutum, dole ne mutum ya ci gaba daga yanayin yanayin zafi kuma, mafi mahimmanci, daga halayen ilimin halittar shuka.
- Inabi ya fi son girma a gefen gefen rana kuma ba zai iya tsayawa da yawan inuwa kullun ba. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin gidan rani, ya fi kyau ga bushes su nemi wuri a gefen kudu kuma suna ba da tsire-tsire tare da kariya daga iska.
- A mafi yawan bangare, 'ya'yan inabi masu zafi ne kuma suna iya wahala lokacin hunturu ko lokacin bazara.
- Innabi yana buƙatar kulawa ta dace daga cututtuka da kwari waɗanda ke haifar da lalacewar amfanin gona.
- Yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar mãkirci game da inabi tare da ƙasa mai dacewa don haɓaka, magudanan ruwa mai kyau da kuma ɗumi.
Idan mai kula da gonar yana kulawa don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai daɗi don tsire-tsire da aka dasa, to, zaku iya tsammanin amfanin gona mai girma da inganci.
Amma 'ya'yan itacen inabi da aka zaɓa don dasa ya kamata ya zama mai tsananin wahala, wadata kuma mai sauƙin kulawa.
Isabella Inabi
Ofaya daga cikin mafi tsufa kuma mafi kamannin launuka, waɗanda aka bred a cikin karni na 18 a Amurka, Isabella inabi yana girma sosai kuma suna bada 'ya'ya a yankuna da yawa tare da yanayin yanayi da ƙasa. Kimanin kwanaki 130 zuwa 150 ke tashi daga buɗewar buds zuwa eninganyen fari na duhu mai duhu. Wannan nau'in innabi yana da tebur-fasaha, sauƙi jure hunturu sanyi kuma ana iya girma ba tare da ƙarin mafaka ba, yana tsayayya da yawancin cututtuka da phylloxera. Saboda rashin daidaituwarsa, Isabella galibi ana amfani dashi don gyara wurare.
Dangane da bayanin da hoto, wannan nau'in innabi a cikin gida mai rani yana nuna babban haɓaka girma. Domin kada ya ƙetare da wuce haddi yawa na bushes, wanda ya inganta ci gaban mildew da slows saukar da ripening na harbe da kuma jari na sugars da berries, da itacen inabi an hõre bazara pruning.
A cikin gidaje na rani, Isabella inabi tana samar da wadatattun cylindrical mai nauyin kilogram 140 zuwa 200 kuma ta ƙunshi kayan zaki masu ƙanshi mai laushi waɗanda aka rufe da murfin mai daɗi mai kauri.
Amur inabi
Itacen inabi na Amur a cikin gida mai yawan bazara yana da adadin yabo kamar Isabella. Yawancin al'adu na wannan tsire-tsire marasa ma'ana, musamman an samo su a arewacin yankuna, an samo su daga kan tsallake wata tsirrai ta Far Eastern shuka, sami matsayin su a tsakiyar Rasha ma.
Daga magabacin daji, Amur inabi, bisa ga bayanin da hoto, ya ɗauki juriya mai sanyi, itacen inabin ya haƙura da sanyi har zuwa -40 ° C, tsayi da kuma rajin sabon harbe.
Gwargwadon ƙwayar tsohuwar wannan shuka zata iya hawa zuwa tsayinsa har zuwa mita 30 ba tare da ƙuntatawa na girma ba. Girma na shekara ya wuce mita 2, kuma babban akwati na innabi yana da ƙarfi sosai har ya kai diamita na 15-20 cm. Fitar wannan nau'in innabi ya fara a farkon Mayu. Furanni, kamar sauran nau'in wannan nau'in, ba za'a iya kira shi mai kyau ba, amma ƙanshin mai daɗin da ke fitowa daga goge yana jawo yawancin kwari.
Bunches farfadowa a watan Satumba manya ne, wani lokacin yakan kai tsawon cm 25 sannan yana yin nauyi 250. A matsakaici, goge yakai kimanin gram 70 kuma yana da zagaye, matsakaici mai launin shuɗi-baki. Yarjejeniyar da berries mai daɗi ne, ɗanɗano mai daɗi ne ko, dangane da yanayin girma da yanayin yanayi, daɗi, da daɗi. A berries an rufe shi da m fata kuma ana iya cinye duka sabo da kuma wani ɓangare na shirye-shiryen na dafuwa.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani a hoto da kwatancin ire-ire, ana iya bambanta 'ya'yan itacen inabi ta manyan ciyayi, wanda ke da launin koren duhu a lokacin bazara, kuma yana samun launin shuɗi, shunayya, lemo ko launin shuɗi ta faɗo. Wannan mallakar wannan nau'in innabi ya sa ya kasance mai mahimmanci musamman lokacin dasa shuki da gidan ƙasa.
Kesha inabi: bayanin daban da hoto
Daga Kesha inabi da aka dasa a cikin gida na bazara, ya kamata a sa ran farkon berries kwanaki 120-130 bayan an buɗe furannin. Yawancin nau'ikan kurangar vigorous tare da tsayayyen harbe da ke tsira waɗanda suke tsira tare da yanayin zafi ba ƙasa da -23 ° С. Itatuwan innabi suna da tushe, ƙwayar ta ƙara tsayayya da kamuwa da cuta tare da mildew da sauran cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙwayar fungi. An bambanta wannan nau'in innabi ta hanyar farkon shigowa cikin lokacin fruiting, yawan amfanin ƙasa da ɗanɗano na berries.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani daga bayanin da hoton Kesha inabi, nau'in ya ba da goge na cylindroconical na matsakaici mai tsayi, mai nauyin 500 zuwa 900 grams. M babban berries, an rufe shi da fata mai kauri-matsakaici, suna da launin zinare ko farar fata mai haske tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, tsawonsa ya kai cm 3.2 da nauyinsa kimanin gram 12. Tasteanɗar da berries ɗin wannan nau'in innabi suna da daɗi, suna jituwa, yanayin rubutu yana da yawa.
Bayan an cire shi daga itacen zaitun, ana iya adon itacen inabi na Kesha kuma a kwashe su.
Inabi Vostorg: bayanin abubuwa iri-iri da hotuna
Za'a iya ƙara nutsar 110-120 kwanaki bayan bayyanar ƙarami yara akan hoto da kwatancen nau'ikan innabi don ɗakin bazara. Wannan nau'in farkon yana da ƙarfin girma na matsakaici, haƙuri mai kyau na hunturu hunturu, har zuwa -25 ° C, kuma yawan aiki mai yawa. Dangane da yanayin yanayi da kuma yankin namo, itacen inabi yana buƙatar jiyya 1-2 daga oidium da mildew. Harbi har abada a koyaushe ya yi girma a cikin hunturu, ana iya samun kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin ɗakin bazara ta hanyar samar da 'Ya'yan itacen inabi ba tare da tsari ba, alal misali, a cikin tsarin arched.
Al'adar ta amsa da kyau ga shayarwa da kuma kayan miya, suna ba manyan gungu masu nauyin 550 zuwa 2000. Shrubs tare da manyan perennial itace musamman amfanin gona. Dangane da hoto da kwatankwacin grapesa grapesan grapesa grapesan ,an, berriesan nunannun furanni masu ɗorewa, suna da tsawon kusan 2.7 cm da nauyinsa ya kai gram bakwai. A launi da cikakke berries ne fari ko haske zinariya, jiki na wannan innabi iri-iri ne kintsattse, mai dadi tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai dadi.
Cikakken goge cikakke ba tare da asarar inganci na iya zuwa wata ɗaya da rabi akan bushes ba. Ana kiyaye amfanin gona sosai.
Inabi Anyuta: bayanai iri-iri da hotuna
V.N Krainov marubucin yawancin ire-iren innabi ne da kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan girke-girke wanda aka sani a tsakanin masoya masu amfani da kayan abinci. Dangane da kwatankwacin hoto da hoton Inabi na Anyuta, wannan hadin na zabin Krainov shima ya cancanci jan hankalin lambu da mazauna bazara. Ana girbe girbi mai tsayi daga bushes ɗin itacen inabi mai tsayi a cikin rabin rabin Satumba, yayin da doka ta zama dole don fure da haɓakar kwayar ta wannan nau'in innabi, in ba haka ba sakamakon cikawar harbe-harben ya yi muni, kuma Berry yana da ƙanƙanta kuma ƙarancin zaki.
Tare da tsayayya da cututtuka, yana da kyau mafaka bushes don hunturu, tun da Anyuta inabi don tsakiyar Rasha ba sanyi-resistant isa.
Gogeran itacen inabi na wannan nau'in yakai gram 700-1200. The berries ne m, musamman girma, kai 14 grams a nauyi. Berries na Anyuta suna da kyawawan launuka masu launin ruwan hoda, mai yawa, amma ba wuce kima ba, bawo, dandano mai jituwa da ƙanshin muscat mara kyau.
Inabi Victor
Itacen inabi na inabi mai zurfi wanda yake fashewa a farkon matakai, wanda kuma yana da alaƙa da nasarorin da V. Krainov ya bayar, har ma ya ba da gungu a farkon watan Agusta. Itacen inabi na wannan nau'in innabi yana ba da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, harbe-harbe ya yi kyau sosai a lokacin kakar, amma saboda isasshen ƙanƙancin sanyi da bushes ke buƙatar tsari don hunturu.
Victor iri-innabi iri-iri yana ba nau'ikan cylindrical mai cikakken nauyin, adadin sa ya bambanta daga gram 500 zuwa 1000. Ensaƙatar da hannayen hannu matsakaici ne, berries masu nauyin daga 9 zuwa 14 grams, elongated tare da nuna tip da m ruwan hoda mai launi. 'Ya'yan itace na wannan ire-ire, masu ban sha'awa ne ga mazauna bazara, suna da jituwa mai jituwa da jiki mai laushi.
Inabi Moldova
Resistant zuwa phylloxera, launin toka rot da mildew ana rarrabe su azaman nau'ikan balaga. Ana cire gobara daga bushes mai ƙarfi na wannan innabi, ana farawa a tsakiyar watan Satumba, kuma a wasu yankuna a farkon kaka da berries ba su da lokacin tsinke cikakken zaƙi. Mallasa yana halin matsakaici jure sanyi, farkon farko na fruiting da wuce kima overgrowth na bushes, wanda barnatar da tasiri a kan ripening na Berry da girman.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani a cikin hoto kuma daga bayanin wannan nau'in innabi don ɗakin bazara, Moldova yana ba da matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyar conical ko clindrical conical brass wanda aka auna daga 300 zuwa 500 grams. A wasu halaye, yana yiwuwa a samo gungu na kilogram. Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran nau'in innabi na ƙarshen, berries na Moldova suna da fatar fata mai laushi wanda ke da launi mai launin shuɗi mai duhu kuma an rufe shi da babban farin launi. A berries ne m, babban isa tare da mai crispy, fleshy daidaito.
'Ya'yan itacen inabi na Moldova bayan girbi na dogon lokaci suna riƙe da ingancin kasuwanci, ana jigilar su kuma adana su.
Inabi Augustine
A tsakiyar watan Agusta, gungu na 'ya'yan itacen inabi na Augustine sun haɗu, tebur iri mai haɓakawa wanda ke samarwa har zuwa kilogiram 60 na berries mai daɗi daga daji har ma a cikin shekaru masu wahala. An bambanta iri-iri ta hanyar ƙarancin sanyi da juriya ga cututtukan da aka sani da wannan al'ada.
Ana nuna bushes ɗin ta ikon haɓaka mai ƙarfi, wanda ke ba da damar amfani da 'ya'yan itacen inabi na Augustine don tasoshin shimfidar wurare. Tare da samuwar yawancin ƙwayoyin kwai, al'ada daga hannayen da girma ya zama dole.
A cikin wannan nau'in innabi don ɗakin bazara, bisa ga hoto da bayanin, conical, masu nauyin kimanin 500 na gungu suna haɓaka. Yawancin goge ya kasance matsakaici, kuma abubuwan da suke sanya su shiga cikin haske ana ɗaukar su ta ɗanɗano mai jituwa, tasirin zinariya da nauyinsa ya kai 5 grams. Itatuwan amfanin gona na har zuwa sati 2-3 ana iya adanar su akan itacen inabi. Wasps da wuya haifar da lalacewar hannaye, fatattaka da kwasfa ba a lura da su.
Inabi Kishmish
A yau akwai wasu nau'ikan innabi da yawa waɗanda ke faranta wa mai lambu rai tare da ire-iren furannin da ba su da yawa. Irin waɗannan goge-goge sun kasance galibi sanannu a cikin yara da manya. A cikin ɗakunan rani har zuwa kewayen gari, Kishmish innabi mai lamba 342, wanda ke narkewa tsakanin kwanaki 110-115 daga buɗe kodan, ya fi sauran kyau.
Rasberi na wannan iri-iri yana nuna ƙarfin haɓaka mai girma, yana tsira da winters tare da yanayin zafi har zuwa -26 ° C kuma yana gamsar kowace shekara tare da girbin yalwatacce. Matsakaicin nauyin bunch shine gram 500, amma a kan manya mutanen Kishmish innabi bushes No. 342, tare da kyakkyawan samar da kurangar perennial, goge suna da nauyi kuma mai yawa. Berries ɗin suna da dadi, mai daɗi da gauraya, tare da kusan babu ƙwararrun Primordia, suna da girman kusan 1.7 cm da nauyinsa har zuwa 5 grams.
Inabi Nadezhda AZOS: bayanin iri da hoto
A vigorous bushes na iri-iri Nadezhda AZOS, da berries ripen a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Agusta. A innabi iri-iri ne da tsayayya wa putrefactive da fungal cututtuka. Abin takaici, yanayin hunturu na wannan nau'in ya zama matsakaici, don haka lokacin da girma shi a kan gidan rani, ba za ku iya yi ba tare da tsari.
Bunches na matsakaici na matsakaici yana da siffar conical tare da nauyin 400-600. Ana tunawa da 'ya'yan itacen elongated ko m na Hope AZOS saboda launinsu mai duhu, daskararru mai yawa da ɗanɗano mai sauƙi amma mai daɗi. Daga cikin fa'idodin ire-ire suna da kyakkyawan jigilar kaya na goge da iyawa don adana shi na dogon lokaci bayan an cire shi daga itacen inabi.
Inabi Nadezhda AZOS, bisa ga bayanin da hoto, yana da kyakkyawan kasuwancinsa kuma yana nuna ingancin berries na kullun.
Aleshenkin inabi: bayanin nau'ikan iri da hoto
Daga itacen innabi Aleshenkin a kan makircin zaku iya samun kilogiram 10 na berries. Lokacin tumatir ya yi da wuri sosai kuma bai wuce kwanaki 110-120 ba.
A innabi iri-iri ne halin girma girma, cancanci ripening matasa harbe da kuma kyau dasa a lokacin cuttings. Ko da a cikin ruwa shekaru tare da sanyi lokacin bazara, bushes ba girbi mai yawa girbi. Kuna hukunta da kwatanci da hoto, Aleshenkin inabi na buƙatar raba harbe da goge domin hanzarta girbin da inganta ingancinsa.
Nau'in Aleshenkin don rago na tsakiya ba shi da tsayayya sosai ga cututtukan da ke haifar da naman gwari. Frosts a cikin hunturu kakar da kuma bazara sanyi jure da kyau.
Varietya graan innabi suna kawo manyan goge-goge masu siffa. Matsakaicin nauyin bunch shine gram 500, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi mai kyau da ƙoshin kulawa da ta dace ya kai nauyin 2000 gram. Aleshenkin yana ba da matsakaici berries, mai nauyin 4 grams. A launi da zagaye da kuma m berries ne amber ko zinariya kore. 'Ya'yan inabi suna da ɗanɗano mai daɗi mai daɗi da kintsattse.
