Boxwood (wasu sunaye shine kwalin axle, buss, itace dutse) kyakkyawan bishiyar daji mai tsayi tare da katako mai katako wanda zai iya yin ado kowane yanki.
Wannan tsiron na filastik yana sauƙaƙe sauƙaƙar aske gashi sau da yawa. A cikin zane mai faɗi, ana kafa shinge masu rai da kan iyakoki daga sandunan dambe, an dasa su a matsayin samfuran samfuran solo akan lawns, ƙirar zane-zanen kore - topiary - an “zana su”. An samar da nau'ikan geometric daban-daban na volumetric daga gare ta - cubes, dala, kwallaye, ƙirƙirar labyrinths mai rikitarwa.
Theaƙƙarfan falele yana girma a hankali har yana kiyaye kamanninsa da ƙanƙantaccensa daidai daga aski zuwa aski. Har tsawon shekara daya yana girma ta hanyar cm 5-6 kawai .. An yi imanin cewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin kyawawan tsire-tsire na itacen katako zai iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 600. Rage girma da ƙyalli na kambi ya sa ya zama muhimmin abu na ƙirar ciki. Yawancin lambu lambu mai son dadewa sun zaunar da wannan itaciyar itace a cikin gidajensu.
A cikin yanayin, boxwood ya yi girma, ya danganta da nau'in, daga mita 2 zuwa 14 a tsayi. An samo shi a cikin itace da nau'i na shrub. A cikin daji, ana iya samunsa a yankin kudanci na Afirka, Amurka ta Tsakiya, Kudancin Turai, Yammacin Asiya, Oceania da Japan.
Za muyi magana game da iri, fasalin Botanical, dasa shuki da kula da katako a ƙasa.
Boxwood iri
Dankin yana da kusan nau'ikan 30 kuma mai guba. A lokaci guda, boxwood shima yana da kayan aikin warkewa. Ya ƙunshi maras tabbas, wanda ke kashe yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta. Furen furanni na Boxwood ƙananan ƙananan ne, babu rubutu, ba su da ƙima na ado. Fruita isan itace madaidaiciyar capsule mai kafaffun gida uku mai ɗauke da ƙananan tsaba.
Idan kuna da ƙananan yara a cikin gidanku, to, da aka ba shi guba na itacen katako, zai fi kyau ku guji dasa shuki a cikin wani gida ko a kan wani shiri.
Don yanayin shimfidar wuri na ado, ana amfani da katako mai shinge (Buxus sempervirens). A kan ka'idodinta, an inganta nau'ikan iri-iri da yawa, suna canza launin kore na ganye tare da fari da tabarau masu launin rawaya. Koyaya, ya kamata a lura cewa mafi girman kayan kwalliyar waɗannan tsire-tsire sun rage taurin hunturu.
Abubuwan daban-daban na axolus sun bambanta sosai a tsayi, ƙimar girma, launi na kambi. Sabili da haka, a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi, an zaɓi nau'ikan dasa don la'akari da manufar su:
- Don shinge mara iyaka da kan iyakoki, nau'ikan Blauer Heinz da Suffruticosa mai saurin girma suna da kyau. An shuka tsire-tsire kan layi a nesa na nisa na 30-40 cm daga juna.
- Don ƙananan nau'ikan lambun, har ma da tsire-tsire na ganga, ana amfani da tsire-tsire iri iri, alal misali, "Green Gem" ko "Suffruticosa".
- Don manyan zane-zane na kore, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da shuka rukuni, tsire-tsire 2-5 na nau'ikan tsayi. Mafi kyawun itacen katako wanda ya fi dacewa da wannan dalili.
Sauran nau'ikan Buchus ba su da yawa, amma, duk da haka, ana samun nasarar yin amfani da su wajen aikin lambun kayan ado da ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Arewacin yankin girma shine, mafi yawan hunturu-Hardy iri ya kamata a yi amfani dashi don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Zuwa yau, mafi yawan nau'ikan hunturu-Hardy suna dauke:
- Buxus Sempervirens;
- Handsworthiensis;
- Blauer Heinz;
- Herrenhausen
- Rotundifolia
Ya kamata kuma a ambaci cewa itacen katako shine ingantacciyar shuka don ƙirƙirar bonsai. Leavesaramin ganye da haɓaka haɓaka suna ba ka damar ƙirƙirar ƙarancin ƙananan kayan aiki a cikin yanayin da ya dace. Mafi dacewa don bonsai ana ɗauka iri-iri "Buxus harlandii Hance".
Ilasa don dasa itacen katako
Don dasa shukar boxwood, kasar gona ya kamata:
- loamy;
- tare da tsaka tsaki acid;
- na gina jiki;
- sako-sako da kuma numfashi;
- da kyau drained.
A kan irin wannan kasa, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi suna da ƙarfi, ganye mai laushi, m. Boxwood na iya yin girma a ƙasa mara kyau, amma a lokacin zai rage girman rawanin, kodayake zai kasance mai ƙarfin gaske.
A wurin da akwatin katako ke tsiro, a cikin kowane yanayi da yakamata ya kasance ruwan sha - inji bai yarda da wannan ba. Kasa mai nauyi da ta acidic kuma basu dace da akwatinwood ba. A kan kasa yashi kasa a karkashin boxwood, Ya zama dole don ƙara takin ciyawa da lemun tsami.
Idan yanayin wurin bai ba ka damar shuka itacen katako a cikin ƙasa ba, to zaku iya yin nasarar dasa shi cikin kwantena ta hanyar tono su a wuraren da suka dace a cikin ƙasa. A cikin kwantena guda, tsire-tsire na iya hunturu. Kwantena yakamata ya ƙunshi ƙananan tsire-tsire na shekaru 2-3 na farko kafin dasa shuki a wuri mai ɗorewa.
Boxwood saukowa
Dasa itacen itace a buɗe a ƙasa ya fi kyau a yi a cikin bazara, tare da farko na ɗimbin zafi. Ana buƙatar irin wannan lokaci na lokaci don tsire-tsire don samar da tsarin tushen jigon. Mafi kyawun tushen bishiyoyin sun haɓaka, mafi yawan damar da suke da shi na samun nasarar tsira lokacin hunturu na farko a cikin ƙasa.
Idan kuna buƙatar dasa tsire-tsire na manya, to, ana iya yin wannan a cikin duk lokacin dumama. MUHIMMIYA! Itace 'yar wasan itace' yar katako ba ta son daukar hoto. Saboda haka, lokacin yin hakar shuka, kuna buƙatar cire shi tare da isasshen dunƙulen ƙasa don rage lalacewar asalin sa. Zai fi kyau a bar katako ya yi girma a cikin dindindin, a maye gurbin kawai saman duniya na ƙasa da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Wannan zai samar da shuka da kwararar sabbin abinci mai gina jiki.
Don dasa itacen katako, ya kamata ku shirya ramuka waɗanda suka haɗu da girman tushen tsarin kowane misali sau biyu - zurfi da faɗi. Rabin girman ramin ya cika da murfin yashi, ganye na humus da ƙasa sod (1: 4: 2). Hakanan za'a iya ƙara taki potassium a cikin substrate, bayan wannan an zubar da ruwa mai yawa. Bayan haka, an sanya seedling a hankali a cikin rami, yada Tushen, kuma an zuba ragowar abin da ake canzawa, yana ɗaure.
Kulawar Boxwood
Boxwood dan Kudu ne. Yana sauƙaƙe jinkirin rana. Amma haskakawar bazara mai haske zata iya lalata shi.
Harin kunar rana a lokacin bazara, da daskarewa da ganye a sakamakon yanayin iska mai sanyin iska da iska mai sanyi, na iya haifar da mutuwar ɓangaren tsire-tsire. Don hana wannan, ya kamata ka kula da amincin wuraren saukarsa.
Ya danganta da siffar da girman tsiron tsire-tsire, ya kamata a yi amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na ruwansu:
- Za'a iya rufe ƙananan shinge na katako don hunturu tare da raga na musamman, rufin da bai saka ba ko ma burlap. A wannan yanayin, duk na'urorin murfin dole ne a dogara da ƙarfi don kada dusar ƙanƙara ta rufe su kada ta yanke rassan.
- Formsaramin siffofin guda ɗaya za'a iya rufe shi da akwatunan filastik tare da ramuka na iska.
- Tsire-tsire a jikin kara yakamata a ɗaura tare da tallafi mai ƙarfi kuma a nannade da rassan spruce coniferous.
- Manyan nau'ikan lambun za a iya nannade su da babban nonwoven masana'anta da yawa yadudduka.
Tare da farkon zafin bazara, duk mafaka daga itacen katako nan da nan ake cire su. Idan wannan ba a yi shi ba, to tsire-tsire na iya vyprit.
Irin waɗannan matakan kariya sun tabbatar da kansu sosai, amma koyaushe ba su dace ba. A wannan yanayin, ɗayan kayan amfani masu mahimmanci suna zuwa ga ceto, wanda aka yi amfani dashi cikin nasara lokacin dasa shuki da kula da katako. Wannan inji ita ce inuwa mai jurewa, wani lokaci har ma da inuwa mai haƙuri. Don haka, yakamata a dasa bishiyun katako a karkashin murfin gine-gine, gine-gine ko manyan bishiyoyi, ta yadda zai kare su daga tsananin zafin rana da iska mai lalacewa. Boxwood yana jin daɗin magana a cikin sassaka penumbra, ko kuma a cikin sashin da aka fallasa rana don kawai kashi ɗaya na rana.
Kulawar katako na lokacin yana kunshe da mulching tare da peat ko ƙasa humus a kusa da tsire-tsire, har ma da ruwa na yau da kullun. Tun da sandwood yana da danshi-ƙaunar, ya kamata a kiyaye ƙasa a kusa da shi, yana hana bushewa daga cikin babban Layer. Hakanan za'a iya baza tsire-tsire daga mai sarrafawa don sanya ciyawa a cikin ɗaki. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a rage yawan watering.
Kulawar Boxwood shima ya haɗa da shirya tsirrai don hunturu. A ƙarshen kaka, kafin farko na kwari otutu, boxwood ya kamata a shayar shayar don ƙirƙirar danshi ajiyar ga shuke-shuke. Bayan wannan, kasar gona da ke kewaye da su ya kamata a mulched da peat ko Pine needles. Kada ku yi amfani da faɗakarwar ganye don mulching. Shukewar fure a lokacin hunturu a bazara na iya kawo cikas a cikin iska a cikin ƙasa kuma ana barazanar tushen itacen ɓaure da lalata. Irin wannan shiri na dasa katako na katako don hunturu na taimakawa wajen kiyaye tushen da danshi na fure mai dafi.
Idan shuka ya girma a cikin al'adun ganga, to, yana da shekaru 2-3 shekaru ana iya barin shi zuwa hunturu akan titi ta hanyar sanya tukunya tare da shuka ba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ba, amma a cikin babban akwati wanda aka haƙa, cike da peat ko sawdust. Soilasa a ƙarƙashin shuka an mulched, kuma shuka kanta rufe.
Wajibi ne a ciyar da itacen gatari sau 3-4 a lokacin bazara, ta amfani da ma'adinai mai hadaddun ko takin gargajiya.
Muhimmin mahimmanci a kula da tsire-tsire na katako shine aski. Yawancin lokaci ana yin shi sau 2-3 a shekara, yana ba da tsire-tsire masu girma da yawa wanda ake buƙata.
Boxwood bashi da kwari da yawa, tunda shuka itace ta ƙunshi alkaloids masu guba waɗanda ke jan kwari daga gare ta. Boxwood na iya lalacewa:
- Monarthropalpus;
- gizo-gizo mite;
- boxwood ji;
- cututtukan fungal.
Don hana lalacewa lokacin da ake dasa bishiyoyin katako, yana da Dole a cire duk bushewar twigs da busassun bishiyoyi, tare da kula da tsire-tsire tare da maganin kashe kwari.
Boxwood yana yaduwa ta hanyar zuriya da kuma ciyayi. Hanya ta biyu itace wacce ake fin so, tunda 'yar dambe itace bata da karfin girma. Ganyen kore, akasin haka, suna da babban matakin tushen tushe, kuma kowane aski ya ba da wani abu da ya wuce kima don haifuwa. Baya ga dasa itace, ana iya amfani da amfani da dasa ƙaramin matasa.
Kulawar Boxwood a Gida
An daɗe ana noma Buskus a matsayin amfanin gona na cikin gida. Koyaya, kula da katako a gida yana da halaye na kansa, wanda ya ba shi kyakkyawan suna a matsayin ƙaton mashin.
Wurin taga don katako na katako ya kamata a zaɓi gabas ko yamma, ko ma sanya shi kusa da taga akan keɓaɓɓen farfajiya. Idan itacewood zai kasance yana zaune a kan taga ta kudu, to lallai ya zama dole a samar da shading daga tsakiyar rana.
Saboda haka cewa ku dabbobi ba ya sauke ganye, yana da muhimmanci a tsayar da tsarin na ruwa da moisturizing.
Babu dalilinda yakamata ruwa ya taru a cikin kwanon rufi - wannan na iya haifar da lalacewar tushen tsarin tsintsaye.
Ya kamata a shayar da shuka yau da kullun kadan, da kuma fesa daga mahaɗa. A lokacin kaka-hunturu, ana rage ruwa zuwa ƙasa kaɗan. Boxwood ya kamata overwinter a zazzabi na 6-10 ° C. Zaka iya sanya shi tsakanin firam ɗin taga a cikin ɗakuna tare da tsohuwar shimfiɗa. A gaban windows filastik na zamani, ana iya zaunar da katako na katako don ƙirar hunturu a ƙasa ta ƙofar baranda mai ban sha'awa.
Boxwood za'a iya dasa shi ne kawai ta hanyar natsuwa. Tunda yana girma sosai a hankali, ana bada shawara a sanya shi sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2-3. Zai yuwu a datsa kwalin kwalin gida na shekara.
Idan kayi girma bonsai, ya kamata ka tuna cewa boxwood baya bukatar dasawa. Idan Tushen sun lalace, inji zai iya jefa ganye kawai.
Idan aka bi waɗannan ka'idojin da ba su da rikitarwa don kula da katako a gida, to wannan tsiron zai faranta maka rai da ƙoshinta da kyan gani na shekaru.
