Irin wannan shuka iri-iri kamar Lychnis memba ne na dangin Clove, amma a wasu lokuta wannan dabi'ar an hada shi a cikin halittar Smolevka. Sunan kimiyya na irin wannan shuka ya fito ne daga kalmar Girkanci, wanda ke fassara “fitila”. Akwai fasali wanda wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa furanni na larchis suna da launi mai wadataccen ko saboda a zamanin da ake amfani da furen ɗaya daga cikin jinsunan a matsayin wick. Za a iya samun ambaton wannan fure a cikin rubuce-rubucen Theophrastus. An fara noma ta tun ƙarshen ƙarni na 16. Dangane da bayanan da aka karɓa daga kafofin daban-daban, wannan asalin ya haɗu da nau'ikan 20-50, a cikin daji ana iya samun su a cikin Hemisphere na Arewa. Lambu suna noma nau'in larchis 15 ne kawai.
Fasali na Lychnis
Lychnis shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire, wanda ke da perennial. Tsawonta na iya bambanta daga 0.4 zuwa 1 m. Akwai gashi a bisa tushe; zagaye ne a giciye. M faranti lanceolate-mai daukewar semisubstitious ganye faranti wani lokacin suna da tushen-kamannin zuciya, kuma baya da gaban fuskokinsu suna da wuya. Abun kai ko karshen garkuwar sun kunshi furanni masu kazamin jima'i wadanda suka kai mil 20 a duk fadin su, ana iya fenti dssotyledonous furanninsu a ruwan hoda, fari, jan launi, rawaya mai launi, ko lemo mai cike da launi. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da yawa-tushen tare da toho-dimbin yawa tsaba duhu launin ruwan kasa, kai diamita of 0.2 cm, sun kasance mai yiwuwa na shekaru 3 ko 4. Ana iya girma pechnial Lychnis a wuri guda don kimanin shekaru 5.
Girma masara daga tsaba
Wani lokaci don shuka
Ana iya samun sauƙin yada Lychnis ta hanyar tsaba waɗanda aka shuka a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin hunturu ko a farkon lokacin bazara. A karo na farko irin wannan shuka fure kawai na gaba kakar, ba tare da la'akari da lokacin da ka shuka shi. Da wuya, lokacin da shuka a cikin hunturu a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi mai kyau, fure na iya farawa a lokacin bazara, amma ba da cikakken ƙarfi ba.
Idan kayi girma da furanni ta hanyar shuka, to, za su yi fure tuni. Kafin shuka iri don shuka a watan Maris, ya kamata a daidaita su ta hanyar sanya su a kan shiryayye daga cikin firiji na kwanaki 15-30. Dole ne a cire amfanin gona a cikin wurin da yake daidai (daga digiri 18 zuwa 20). 'Ya'yan seedlings na farko sun bayyana fewan makwanni bayan shuka. Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu, a baya an taurare na kwanaki 14. Idan ka yanke shawarar shuka tsaba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude, to, kuna buƙatar yin wannan a watan Afrilu - Yuni.
Saukowa daga waje
Wannan fure ba ta buƙata ba musamman a kan yanayin girma. Don dasa shi, ya kamata ka zaɓi yanki mai-ruwa tare da wadataccen abinci, ingattaccen ruwa da ƙasa mai laushi. Lychnis lashe kambi ke tsiro da kyau a wuri mai inuwa. Kafin ka fara shuka iri, kana buƙatar ƙara 1 guga na yashi, 40 grams na calimagnesia da 50 grams na superphosphate a kowace muraba'in mita 1 na ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. A cikin yumɓun ƙasa, takin ko humus ya kamata a ƙara a ƙara. Kafin yin shuka, wajibi ne don iyakance ƙasa, idan acidic ne. Kafin yin shuka don makonni 4, ya kamata a kiyaye tsaba a cikin firiji, saboda haka zasu iya tafiya cikin yanayin sanyi. Dole ne a yi shuka tsaba da aka riga aka shirya a cikin tsummoki, sannan a rufe su. Amfanin gona ya kamata a shayar da kyau. Don harbe harbe aboki ya bayyana, zazzabi iska ya kamata ya zama kimanin digiri 18-20. Za'a iya ganin 'ya'yan farko na seedlings a makonni 2.5-3.5.
Leachis Kulawa
Lichnis girma a cikin lambu, ya zama dole don samar da tsari na shayarwa, musamman idan akwai tsananin zafi. Lokacin da aka shayar da shuka, ya zama dole don tsara sassauta ƙasa a shafin, yayin cire duk ciyawa mai ciyawa. Lura cewa irin wannan fure zai iya fitar da ciyawar cikin sauƙi, a wannan batun, makomar wannan shuka ya dogara da kai. Domin furewar lichen tayi fure tsawon, ya zama dole a cire inflorescences wadanda suka fara so a wani lokaci, yayinda suke lalata dukkan tsirran da suke kokarin zuwa yankin lasisin.
A cikin lokacin girma don kakar, ya kamata a ciyar da irin wannan shuka sau 2 ko 3 kawai. Kadan girma da kuma karfi seedlings ana ciyar da tare da hadaddun ma'adinai taki. Bayan haka, ana yin irin wannan sutura sau 1 a cikin kwanakin 15-20.
Cutar da kwari
Idan ka shayar da irin wannan fure mai dumbin yawa ko kuma sau da yawa, to wannan na iya haifar da ci gaban tsatsa, tushen lalacewa da ganyen ganye. Don dalilai na hanawa, ana bada shawara don haɓaka irin wannan jigilar ban ruwa, la’akari da yanayin yanayin yankin ku, don kada daskararren ruwa ya faru a cikin tushen tushen shuka. Idan an lura da alamun farko na ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, to, dole ne a fesa samfurin da abin ya shafa tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal.
Idan ganye ko aphids sun sauka akan daji, to don lalatarsu wajibi ne don amfani da kayan ado na tumatir ko taba, wanda kuke buƙatar zuba sabulu da aka shafa tare da ɗan grater. Idan akwai kwari da yawa masu cutarwa, to zaka iya shawo kan su ta hanyar kulawa da daji tare da wakilin maganin kashe kwari.
Bayan fure
Don hunturu, wannan fure baya buƙatar tsari, tunda yana da tsayayyen jure sanyi. Koyaya, idan kun yi girma nau'in nau'in lichen, to, don hunturu dole ne a rufe su. Bayan an yi launin toka da huhun fure da farawa, dole ne a yanke su a kasa. Terry bushes bayan an trimmed ya kamata a rufe da wani Layer na ganye, peat ko bushe ƙasa.
Iri da nau'ikan lasisi tare da hotuna da sunaye
Da ke ƙasa za a bayyana waɗancan nau'in da nau'in lichen, waɗanda lambu ke nomawa.
Lychnis arkwrightii
Tsawon karamin daji ya bambanta daga 0.35 zuwa 0.4 m, harbe da kuma kunkuntar faranti masu launin suna da launin burgundy. A kan shuka akwai ƙaramin adadin inflorescences ko furanni orange guda ɗaya a cikin diamita, wanda ya kai kusan mm 30, fure a ƙarshen harbe a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Yuni, yayin da ake ci gaba da fure har zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta. Mafi mashahuri iri-iri shine Lychnis Vesuvius: faranti masu launin kore cike da launi suna da siffar zuciya, inflorescences sun fi girma fiye da na manyan nau'ikan, sun ƙunshi furanni masu ruwan shuɗi-orange.
Alpine Tsari (Alifa Aline
A dabi'a, ana iya samun wannan nau'in a kan tundra da tundra na daji na Scandinavia, gabashin Greenland da Arewacin Amurka, kuma a kan tundra ta dutse da kuma silifon dutsen Turai. Tsawon tsararren daji yana daga 0.1 zuwa 0.2 m. Akwai safa mai tushe, da kuma harbe da yawa, wanda akwai kwanon filayen ganye na gaba. Panicle-kamar inflorescences sun kunshi furanni ruwan hoda-ja ko launi rasberi. Yawancin Larabawa sun fi shahara: a daji, an saukar da furanni da yawa masu launin ruwan hoda mai haske.
Viscaria Lychnis (Viscaria vulgaris = Lychnis viscaria = Maganar bakin ciki Silene)
A yanayi, ana iya samunsa a cikin Crimea, Tsakiyar Turai, Ciscaucasia da kuma kudu maso yamma na Siberia. Tsawon harbe harbe na wannan tsiro mai tsiro mai tsire-tsire yana 0.4-1 m .. Sashinsu na sama yana da matukar ƙarfi, saboda haka ana kiran wannan nau'in kwal. Farin fure ko rasberi na 5-7a 5-7an 5-7 sune ɓangare na masu ɓarna, waɗanda ke samar da ƙwayoyin panicles. Mafi mashahuri iri:
- Rosetta. Launin fure furanni shine rasberi mai zurfi.
- Lychnis terry flora fursuna. Tsayin daji yakai kimanin 0.3 m. Fenti mai fadi na kunkuntar faranti ganye ana fentin cikin duhu kore. Ruwan tseren tsere ya ƙunshi furanni biyu na launi na Lilac, a diamita ya kai 20-30 mm.
Lychnis coronaria (Lychnis coronaria = Lychnis coriacea)
Tsawon irin wannan herbaceous perennial ya bambanta daga 0.4 zuwa 0.9 m. Sako-sako marassa nauyi na kunshe da furanni ruwan hoda, amma kuma ana samun tsirrai masu farin inflorescences. Popular iri:
- Mala'iku blanche. Launin furanni launin ruwan hoda mai duhu ne, fararen fari ko rasberi.
- Tsibiri mai ban tsoro. Tsakanin furen yana da ruwan hoda, kuma tare da gefen furannin akwai farin iyaka.
Kambus cuckoo (Coronaria flos-cuculi), ko launi Cuckoo (Lychnis flos-cuculi)
Ana samo wannan nau'in halitta a cikin mafi yawan Turai. Irin wannan fure mai ƙarancin fure yana daɗaɗɗen turɓaya, wanda ya ƙunshi rosettes da harbe harbe a cikin sashin da ke sama kuma ya kai girman 100 cm .. opposarancin da ke cike da kunkuntar faranti fararen ganye a hankali suna raguwa a girman yayin da suke kusantar saman harba. Garkuwoyin sun ƙunshi manyan, amma na bakin fure mai ruwan hoda, yana kai zurfin 40 mm. An rarraba dabbobin gida zuwa lobes 4, kowannensu rataye da karkatarwa. Akwai siffofin da fararen launi na furanni. Popular iri:
- Nana. Tsawon daji kusan 0.15 m.
- Alba. Furen an yi fentin fari.
- Roison bauta. Terry furanni masu launin ruwan hoda.
Sparkling Lychnis (Lychnis fulgens)
Ana samo shi a cikin daji a China, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Gabas Siberiya da Japan. Harbe mai madaidaiciya yana da tsayi 0.4 zuwa 0.6 m. Siffar ruwan ganye na ganye mai launin kore shine oblong-ovate ko oval-lanceolate. Abubuwan cututtukan "thyroid-capitate inflorescences sun kunshi furanni masu launin ja-ja a diamita sun kai 40-50 mm, an rarraba furannin zuwa kashi 4.
Lychnis x haageana
Tsawon wannan tsiro na lambun ya kasance daga 0.4 zuwa 0.45 m. Afawayen ruwan ɓaure suna daga ciki. Inflorescences na Cystic sun kunshi fure 3-7 na launin ruwan hoda-ja, wanda ya kai mm 50 a ƙasan. Petals warai incised, tare da reshe. A kowane ɓangaren ɗakin fure babban hakora ne. Wannan inji mai tsaurin sanyi ne ga sanyi. Mafi mashahuri iri-iri ne Molten Lava: laima-dimbin yawa inflorescences kunshi jan furanni, da launi na foliage ne tagulla.
Lychnis chalcedonica, ko asuba
An samo shi cikin yanayi a cikin Turai ta Rasha, a Mongolia, Siberiya da Asiya ta Tsakiya. Tsawon tsararren herbaceous perenni ya bambanta daga 0.8 zuwa 1 m. Foaukar itace shine ovate-lanceolate ko ovate. Zurfin diamita na corymbose-capitate inflorescences yana da kusan santimita 10; sun ƙunshi furanni masu launin ja, masu nisan mil 30 a ƙasan. Petals na iya zama biyu-lobed ko notched. Ganin yana da tsaurin sanyi. Horar tun daga 1561. Akwai wani nau'i na albiflora (launin furanni fararen fata ne, kuma nisan su yakai kusan 20 mm), da kuma nau'ikan furanni masu sauki ko biyu (suna da launi mai ruwan hoda da jan ido). Sanannen ire-ire Lychnis Maltese giciye: ana bambanta tsire da fure mai fure, fure mai kyau suna da launin ja mai kyau.
Duniyar Jupiter Lychnis (Lychnis flos-jovis = Coronaria flos-jovis)
Ana samunsa a cikin daji a kan gangara na Alps. Tsawon sako-sako da sako da ya kai kimanin 0.8 m. Gunda harbe ne densely ganye. A saman harbe da lanceolate-m ganye faranti akwai pubescence. Kayan furanni masu launi mara nauyi a diamita sun kai 30 mm. Akwai wani nau'in farin-flowered da terry.
