Fuchsia - ɗayan tsirrai na cikin gida da aka fi so. Yana jan hankalin mutane da yawa tare da kyawawan furanni na fitila da dogon furanni. An sanya sunan wannan tsiron ne bayan shahararren masanin kimiyyar halittar Leonard von Fuchs. Fuchsia ana kiranta fitilun Jafananci.
Fuchsia wakili ne na dangin Cyprus. Kasar haihuwarta ce ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, New Zealand. Wannan fure mai falala ya zo Turai karni biyu da suka wuce. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, an girma a cikin lambuna. A tsakiyar band, fuchsia ya zama ruwan dare a al'adun tukunya.
Dangane da nau'in fuchsia, akwai madaidaiciya da drooping mai tushe, shrubby, itace-like.
A zamanin yau, masu shayarwa sunyi nasarar haifar da nau'ikan wannan shuka mai ban mamaki. Sun bambanta da launi, girman da tsarin furanni. Fuchsia furanni sun banbanta - na aure ko na drooping. Wasu lokuta ana tattara su cikin inflorescences. Launinsu daban-daban ne. Akwai samfurori masu launin shuɗi, shunayya, ja da fari furanni. A waje, furen yayi kama da filasha. Corollas na wasu launuka suna da launuka daban-daban. Lokacin fure na fuchsia yana da tsawo - daga bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
Ganyen Fuchsia suna da kyau a cikin sura tare da nuna, gefunan da aka barsu, kore a launi. Matasa ganye suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Kula da fuchsia a gida
Fuchsia ya ci nasara a zukatan yawancin masu noman furanni saboda rashin fassararsa, da sauƙin haifuwa da wadatar furen fure. An girma duka a gonar da a gida. Zai iya zama shuka iri ɗaya a cikin kwandon ratayewa, kurmi mai ɓoye ko itacen ingantaccen.
Fuchsia ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire na thermophilic. Ba a saba da lokacin sanyi da sanyi. Mutane da yawa gogaggen lambu da zuwan bazara shuka wannan m flower a cikin ƙasa bude, digging tukunya na shuke-shuke. Fuchsias ji mai girma a cikin lambun fure kuma Bloom duk lokacin rani. A cikin bazara, bayan trimming mai tushe, ana dasa su cikin manyan tukwane kuma a sanya su a wani wuri mai sanyi domin hunturu.
Dokokin Kulawa
Fuchsia fure ne mara misaltawa. Ba ta gabatar da yanayi na musamman na tsarewa da kuma bukatun masu shi ba. Don kyakkyawan fure don gamsar da kyawun ta, ya wajaba a gare shi don shirya lokacin hunturu da ya dace.
Zabi wani wuri, haske
Fuchsia fi son wuri mai launin girgiza wurare. Wurin da ya dace da ita shine taga gabas ko yamma. Idan kun sa shi a taga ta arewa, zai yi dumu-dumu sosai. A kan taga ta kudu, fuchsia dole ne a girgiza. Dankin yana buƙatar madawwamin wuri. Tana mayar da martani da baƙin ciki ga kowane irin hangen nesa. Ya kamata a tuna cewa fuchsia baya jure sanyi. Dole ne a kiyaye shi daga zane-zane. In ba haka ba, za ta rasa fure da furanni.
A lokacin rani, kyakkyawa ba za ta son ɗakunan shaye-shaye. Zai fi kyau ɗaukar shi zuwa baranda ko kuma gonar, sanya shi a cikin inuwa m.
Zazzabi
Dankin zai ji dadi sosai a daki mai sanyi. A lokacin girman girma, mafi yawan zafin jiki zai zama digiri 20-24. Idan a lokacin rani ne aka fitar dashi zuwa gonar ko kuma baranda, yakamata a kiyaye shi daga iska da hasken rana kai tsaye. A cikin hunturu, fuchsia wajibi ne don tabbatar da lokacin hutawa. Ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ɗaki tare da zazzabi na 5-10. Idan fuchsia za ta yi hunturu a cikin ɗakin dumi, to, a lokacin hunturu da tushe zai shimfiɗa ta sosai, kuma a lokacin zai rasa ganye.
Haushi
Fuchsia ba ta da buƙatu na musamman don zafi. A lokacin rani da bazara, ana iya yayyafa shuka. A cikin tsawon lokaci, ya kamata a watsar da spraying.
Watse
Shayar da shuka kawai da ruwa mai laushi, mai kariya lokacin da saman ya bushe. Fuchsia tsire-tsire ne mai ƙauna, sabili da haka, a lokacin girma, earthen substrate a cikin tukunya ya kamata ya ɗan daɗa. Tare da zuwan buds, an rage yawan ruwa. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, ana shayar da shuka sosai. A lokacin dormancy, an rage yawan ruwa zuwa mafi ƙaranci. Ko da wane lokaci na shekara, ruwan bai kamata ya ɓoye a cikin tushen shuka ba.
Manyan miya
Domin fuchsia tayi girma da haɓaka da kyau, dole ne a ciyar dashi da takin ma'adinai masu hadaddun. Ana yin riguna na sama daga bazara zuwa kaka. Sau biyu a wata zai isa. A cikin hunturu, da shuka ba a hadi.
Turawa
Idan ba ku samar da fuchsia tare da abun ciki mai sanyi a cikin hunturu, zai shimfiɗa kuma ya fallasa kanta. Don sa shuka su zama mafi kyan gani, a cikin bazara, duk danko mai tushe ana yanke su zuwa 1/3 ko ½ tsawon su. Godiya ga wannan pruning, matasa harbe zasu yi girma wanda akan kafa furanni adadi mai yawa. Ana amfani da harbe-harben da suka rage bayan an yi amfani da pruning don samun sabon zuriya na shuka ta hanyar ƙwaya.
Fuchsia tsire-tsire ne mai filastik. Kuna iya ba shi kowane nau'i - pyramidal, daji, ampel. Don samar da wata fure itace, kana buƙatar ɗaukar ƙaƙƙarfan itace mai kaifi, dole ne yake girma iri. Yayinda suke girma, ana cire harbe-harbe a kaikaice, suna zaban tsayin itacen. Bayan ya kai girman da ake so, yanke saman, yana ba da damar haɓaka harbe da dama. Don itace ya sami kambin lush, akalla shekaru uku dole su shude.
Juyawa
Fuchsia yana dasawa bayan dasa shuki. Ta fi son cakuda abinci mai gina jiki. Don kaucewa tururuwa na ruwa a cikin tushen a tukunyar tukunya ya zama kyakkyawan malalewa.
Ilasa
Fuchsia ya fi son ƙasa mai daɗi, amma yana dacewa da kyau ga sauran nau'in ƙasa. Duk wani kwance ƙasa tare da tsaka tsaki yana dacewa da manya. Eahon earthen, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙasa da ƙasa, yashi da peat (a cikin rabo na 3: 1: 2), ya dace. Kyakkyawan cakuda ƙasa turɓaya, takin, humus da thor (2: 1: 1: 1).
Gudun ruwa
Don ba da kyakkyawan tsari da kuma ta da furanni a lokacin girma, ya kamata a yanka mai tushe a kai a kai. Saboda haka matasa samfurori mafi kyau a lõkacin da uku nau'i-nau'i na ganye an kafa, tsunkule ƙarshen da mai tushe. Ana maimaita hanyar bayan kowane fitowar nau'i biyu na ganye akan kowane ɗayan harbe.
Cin nasara
Fuchsia ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire na kullun. Yana fure, tsiro da haɓaka daga bazara zuwa kaka. A cikin hunturu, fure yakan fara hutawa lokacin da bai yi girma ba. A wannan lokacin, shuka yana buƙatar wuri mai sanyi, mai cike da haske ko duhu. A lokacin dormancy, shara yana iyakantacce, kuma takin ma'adinai ya daina amfani.
Idan fuchsia ne daidai wintered, da sauri zai fara girma da kuma Bloom profusely.
Kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don samun sabon zuriya na fuchsia - iri da haifuwa ta hanyar itace.
Hanya mafi sauki don yaduwar fuchsia ita ce tare da yankan da ke da tushe sosai. A wannan yanayin, shuka ya fara girma a cikin wannan shekarar. Don tushen, an zaɓi ƙananan matasa (kusan 7-15 cm). Don guje wa lalata ganye, yana da daraja a cire ƙananan ganye da farko. A tushe yana da kyau kafe a cikin ruwa, yashi ko sako-sako da earthen substrate. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, Tushen ya bayyana a cikin mako guda. A wannan yanayin, ɗakin ya kamata ya kasance da yawan zafin jiki koyaushe na digiri 20-24.
Kuna iya yaduwar tsaba fuchsia. Don samun su kuna buƙatar pollination na wucin gadi na furanni. Godiya ga giciye-pollination, ana iya samun sabbin irin matasan.
Yana ɗaukar makonni da yawa don ya ɗan yi tayi. Bayan haka, ya kamata a yanka a hankali kuma a fitar da tsaba. Za su kasance a shirye don yin shuka a cikin kwanaki 1-2, lokacin da suka bushe. Bayan haka, suna sown a cikin wani dan kadan moistring, wanda dole ne a rufe gilashin ko fim.
Cututtuka, kwari
Fuchsia ba ta da lafiya da wuya. Amma kwari kwari iya cutar da kyakkyawan shuka. Fuskokin fari, aphids da kwandunan gizo-gizo sune manyan maƙiyanta.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Idan kun kula da shuka ba daidai ba, zaku iya fuskantar matsaloli da yawa. Idan ganyayyaki suka faɗi, ya zama dole ruwa a shuka ƙarin ruwa kuma a kiyaye shi daga magudanan. Rashin danshi ko matsanancin ruwa yana haifar da faduwa. Wani dalili na wannan matsalar na iya kasancewa sake tura tukunyar zuwa wani wuri. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ɗan gajeren lokacin furanni yana faruwa lokacin da fuchsia ba ta hutawa a cikin hunturu, yana samun isasshen adadin abubuwan gina jiki kuma yana tsaye a cikin duhu a lokacin da ake ci gaba da girma. Abubuwan launin ruwan kasa akan ganyayyaki sun bayyana daga tsananin damƙar ƙasa a cikin hunturu.
Lokacin da shuka bai yi haƙuri da hunturu da kyau ba, yana cikin ɗakin mai-mai zafi, zai iya rasa ganye. A wasu halayen, ganyen ya zama launin rawaya, kuma a maimakon daji mai falala akwai ragowar kwarangwal, wanda yake da wahalar murmurewa kuma a lokacin shi.
