Daaramin kwalliyar Moscow, cosmos, ko cosmea na ɗaya daga cikin lokacin bazara, wanda ba wanda zai iya tunanin irin lambun guda. Rashin nauyi, mai laushi, mai laushi, tare da tsarin chintz na kyawawan furanni akan asalin matattarar matattarar ganye, cosmea tana sha'awar halayyar sa da farin ciki da sauƙi. Girma kwalliya daga tsaba abu ne mai sauki koda ba don noman lambu ba. Bayan haka, ba ma dole ne a shuka shi don shuka ba.
Cosmos bifold (Cosmos bipinnatus).
Mafi shahararrun kayan kwalliya tana da fuka-fukai biyu kuma kayanta suna madaidaiciya, babba, mai ƙyalli mai ƙyalƙyali mai tsayi tare da tsawan 80 cm zuwa kusan mita ɗaya da rabi. A ganye ne allura-dimbin yawa, da ɗan abin tunawa na Dill ko Fennel, ƙirƙirar translucent m kore salla. A bango na fure mai haske, furanni mara nauyi marasa nauyi suna tsalle-tsalle a kan tsayin daka da kuma bakin ciki - inflorescences kwando tare da kyawawan da'irar manyan furanni da ke kewaye da wata cibiyar rawaya mai kyau. Petals suna da matukar daɗi da kuma jujjuyawar abubuwa. Tsarin launi na cosmea ya haɗa da duk yiwuwar inuwar fararen ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda, wasu lokuta cikin launuka biyu masu launi.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa a yau ana wakilta cosmei da yawa iri-iri waɗanda ke ba ku damar zaɓar paloti mai launuka iri iri har ma da tsinken tsire-tsire, sauƙi na yaduwar waɗannan albarkatun gona ba ya canzawa. Dukkanin kayan kwalliya, ba tare da togiya ba, sun girma daga tsaba (sulfur-yellow, da jini-ja, kuma suna da gashin tsuntsu sau biyu). Tsire-tsire suna ba da yalwar shuka-kai, yawanci idan sun bayyana a shafin, to har abada. Amma yana da sauki mutum ya fara samar da cosmea a karon farko. Don cosmea, zaka iya amfani da hanyar shuka seedlings, kodayake yafi sauƙin shuka tsaba na sarari kai tsaye cikin ƙasa, a wurin namo.
Lokacin da aka shuka shi a cikin ƙasa, chamomile Moscow yakan fara fure a Yuli, seedlings girma yana ba ka damar samun farkon fure.
Samun tarin tsaba da zaɓin su don shuka
Cosmea tsaba suna girma sosai har ma a tsakiyar layi. Duk da irin furanni da ke ta faruwa tsawon lokaci, ana iya tattara su da yawa a kan tsire-tsire wanda akan bazuwar furanni, an riga an fara farkon kaka.
A kan sayarwa kwalliya ana wakilta ko'ina. Lokacin sayen, ya isa bin fa'idojin tsaro na yau da kullun da sharuɗan zaba.
Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa tsaba na sararin samaniya suna riƙe da haɓarsu fiye da shekaru uku, siye ɗaya ko tarin tsaba yawanci ya isa na dogon lokaci.
A yanayin zama dole don girma kosmey
Lokacin dasa shuki seedlings ko shuka a cikin lambu don chamomile Moscow, yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi wurin da ya dace. Cosmei suna ɗaya daga cikin lokacin bazara mai ƙaunar rana kuma a cikin inuwar ba zai yiwu ba don sha'awar kyawawan kayan adon marasa nauyi.
Soilasa don cosmea ya zama sabo, haske da sako-sako, mai gina jiki ko aƙalla matsakaitaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Akwai maraba da abun ciki na halitta, kamar yadda tsarin yashi. Soasa mai yawa ko tauri mai yawa ana iya samun sauƙin inganta ta ƙara takin da yashi.
Harbe da kwaskwarima da aka shuka a ƙasa.
Shuka kwamba a cikin ƙasa
Ba kamar wasu flyers ba, don cosmea, shuka a cikin ƙasa ana aiwatar da shi nan da nan a cikin wurin dindindin, a cikin gidaje ko tsire-tsire. Amma sannan lokacin shuka, zaku iya zaban yadda kuka dace. Ana iya shuka Cosmea a bazara, kuma amfani da hanyar shuka shuka lokacin hunturu.
Lokacin shuka tsire-tsire sun yi daidaituwa tare da daidaitattun kwanakin dabino na lokacin bazaar-sanyi mai tsauri. Ana shuka Cosmei a farkon Mayu ko Afrilu, lokacin da haɗarin ci gaba da dusar ƙanƙara ta ɓace, amma ba tare da jiran dawowar ƙanƙarar ba ta bar gaba ɗaya. Kafin hunturu, ana shuka shuka lokacin da ƙasa zata fara daskarewa.
Cosmey mafi yawanci ana shuka shi ba a cikin layuka ko furrows ba, amma a cikin rami mara zurfi a nesa na 30-40 cm don ƙirƙirar ƙarancin dasa ingantaccen da ƙaramin ƙoƙarin thinning. Ana sanya tsaba biyu a cikin ramuka, ƙananan ƙwayar seedlings a matakin cotyledon kuma barin kawai tsire-tsire mafi ƙarfi a nesa mafi kyau. Lokacin cika tare da manyan yankuna daisy na Moscow, ana iya yin shuka ta hanyar da ta saba.
A cikin shuka shuka, kasar gona ne da farko moistened, yayin da a cikin hunturu shuka, watering ba a za'ayi.
Cosmea tsaba suna buƙatar haske don germination, saboda haka ana matsa su cikin ƙasa, an daɗe a ciki, amma ba a yayyafa su a saman ƙasa ba. A lokacin shuka lokacin hunturu, wuraren da ke da kwaskwarima suna rufe dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin bazara ko a cikin greenhouse, seedlings suna fitowa a cikin makonni 2.
Cosmei namo ta hanyar shuka
Hanyar seedling galibi ana amfani da ita ne kawai don sabon, sabon ko ingantaccen nau'in tsiro na fure. Wannan hanyar ita ce mafi ƙaranci ga shahararrun shuka don shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa.
Selectedasa da kwantena don shuka kwalliyar an zaɓi su daga cikin daidaitattun. Cosmea yana jin daɗi a cikin ƙaramin sikelin da aka sayi na shuka ko kuma a haɗa shi da abubuwan haɗin ungulu mai sauƙi da ƙimar abinci mai matsakaici. Fararen faranti ya zama mara ƙarfi, amma zaɓin girman su ya dogara da zaɓin mutum. Ana iya shuka Cosmei a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin mutum ko tukwane na tsaba 2-3 kowane ɗaya, zaku iya amfani da manyan akwatuna da filayen shuka tare da daskararru maimakon ruwa, ko kuna iya aiwatar da ingantaccen shuka da harba seedlings. Ya duka ya dogara da adadin da ake so na seedlings da yawan tsaba.
Shuka ƙwayar kwalliya na shuka yana farawa a cikin Maris kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu, daidaita yanayin lokacin furanni da ake so.
Hanyar shuka kwalliya mai sauqi qwarai ce:
- Tankuna suna cike da substrate kuma a hankali sanyaya ƙasa a cikin bindigar da aka fesa. Ba a haɗa substrate.
- Tsaba galibi ba a warwatsa shi a farfajiyar ƙasa ko aka shimfiɗa shi nesa ba kusa da 9-10 cm (ko kuma a kowane sel) don tsaba 2-3, a sauƙaƙe shi ƙasa ko hagu a saman. Samun haske ya wajaba don fitar da wani kwando. Daga sama, ana fitar da tsaba daga kwalban feshi.
- Ana rufe kwantena da gilashin ko fim.
Halin da ake shuka na ƙwayar kwakwa ba cikakke bane. Cosmeas ya bayyana da muni a cikin ɗumi, ana nuna alamun daga 15 zuwa 18 ana ɗaukar mafi yawan yanayin zazzabi. Abubuwan iyawa tare da amfanin gona na cosmea suna nuna wa mafi girman haske mai haske.
Shukewar Shuka yana faruwa ne a cikin yanayi iri ɗaya wanda aka kiyaye tsaba - cikin sanyi da haske.
Ana amfani da daskararren seedling ne kawai idan suna so su adana dukkan seedlingsan seedlings, da guje wa thinning, kuma idan ba a girma cikin kwantena daban ba. Harbi ya fito bayan bayyanar wata takarda ta ainihin ganye. Idan an shuka kwalliya a cikin kwantena mai girma, ana iya yin thinned, tsire-tsire, cire mafi rauni kuma barin seedlings a nesa na 7-10 cm daga juna. Kowane kwantena kuma cire cire mafi rauni harbe.
Kulawa da matasa kwantar da hankali kwalliya ce, tana saukowa ne domin yin taka tsantsan wanda baya barin fari ko ruwa. Idan an cire seedlingsan itacen, toshe firan tsirrai suna zubewa, amma ya fi kyau a tsara haske kuma a hana aiwatar da lalacewar wannan tsiron, saboda tweezing yana cutar da fure kuma yana jinkirta farawa.
'Ya'yan Cosmea na fara farawa da wuri-wuri, suna kwashe seedlingsan awanni kaɗan a rana don fitar da iska mai kyau.
Saukowa a wuri na dindindin ana yin shi ne kawai bayan barazanar rashin isowar sanyi a watan Mayu. Nisa lokacin dasa shuki kwantar da hankali shine misali - daga 10 zuwa 30 cm don samun tsararren tsararraki masu kyan gani. Shuka baya tsoron dasawa.
Seedlings na Cosmea.
Kula da kwaskwarima na matasa
Cosmei jin daɗin mamaki tare da haƙuri mai haƙuri, amma a wani matashi shekaru, a farkon farkon girma, ya zama dole ga shuka don kula da danshi ƙasa. A wannan lokacin, lokacin da kwalliya ke gina taro mai ciyawa, zai fi kyau a shayar da tsirrai har lokacin da fure ya fara a fari. A lokacin furanni, ana yin ruwa ne kawai a lokacin tsananin fari kuma a cikin zafi don kula da yawan furanni da kuma tsawaita tsawon lokacin fure gabaɗaya.
Lokacin da ake bunkasa kwalliyar kwalliya, rigunan rigakafi ba ƙa'ida ce mai tashi ba kwata-kwata. Sun fara aiwatar da su a mataki na budding, cike da takin ma'adinai, maimaita sau da yawa lokacin bazara. A lokacin girma, hadi na iya haifar da rashin ingancin fure. Yawan wuce haddi na nitrogen yana da haɗari ga sarari.
Idan an shuka kosmey mai tsayi ko an dasa shi a kan dandamali mai iska, kamar yadda bushes ke girma, yana da kyau kula da shigarwa na tallafi da garter. Godiya ga fure mai haske, fegi na yau da kullun ya isa ga tsiron.
Tare da bayyanar furanni na farko, kuna buƙatar fara cire kullun cire fure. Idan ba tare da irin wannan tsari mai sauƙi ba, fure na chamomile na Moscow zai zama ɗan gajarta sosai kuma ba zazzagewa ba. Don tattara tsaba, an bar furanni mafi girma, sauran ana cire su kullun.
Sakamakon ƙarfi da juriya, matsaloli tare da kwari ko cututtuka da wuya su faru a cikin wannan shuka. Yawanci, matsaloli tare da rot faruwa ne kawai a cikin kaka kaka, matasa seedlings ko seedlings cutar ba mummunan.
