Chrysanthemums suna ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire da aka fi so a cikin daji. Wannan ya faru ne ba kawai ga kyawun kamanninsu na ado ba, har ma saboda kulawarsu mai sauƙi. Suna ƙawata duk wani lambun fure har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
Chrysanthemums mai kyau (namo da kulawa)
Girma chrysanthemums ba shi da wahala, har ma ga lambu da ba shi da masaniya. Yankunan da suke da ƙoshin lafiya tare da ƙasa, ƙasa mai matsakaici sun dace da su. Kasar ba ta da takin takin gargajiya. Lokacin zabar wani wuri don chrysanthemums, ya kamata a tuna cewa ba su yi haƙuri da stagnation na ruwa ba. An bambanta wannan shuka ta juriya da sanyi da jure rashin ruwa.
Chrysanthemums ninka ta hanyar yanka da rarraba mahaifiyar masu shan giya. Kwanan nan, an ƙara yin amfani da wata hanyar don yin furanni da waɗannan furanni ta hanyar shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa da shuka. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da wannan hanyar yaduwa don kiwo da varietiesa chan nau'in chrysanthemums. Wasu kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya suna yin fure ta hanyar shuka iri kafin hunturu.
Chrysanthemums suna dauke quite resistant shuke-shuke ga cututtuka da kuma karin kwari, amma duk da wannan, za su iya shafi:
- Powdery mildew, alama ce ta farin fari mai rufi akan dukkan sassa na shuka. Tare da wannan cutar, ana buƙatar isasshen adadin phosphorus da takin mai magani na potassium, cire kullun tsoffin ganye da tushen tushe ba tare da danshi a cikin ganyayyaki ba.
- Nematodosis, wanda haske ya bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, iyakance ta hanyar jijiyoyin. Daga nan sai suka zama baki su bushe. Hanyoyin sarrafawa: tururi ƙasa, tsagewa tare da formalin ko carbotion. Ana kiyaye bushes mara lafiya a cikin ruwan zafi (55 ° C) na mintina 5. Bayan wannan magani, ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa da ta gurbata.
- Filayen Firam ko makiyaya waɗanda ke ciyar da ganyayyaki na shuka. Hanyoyin sarrafawa: fesawa tare da kwari iri iri ("Karbofos", "Decis", "Fury").
- Itace gizo-gizo gizo-gizo da ke lalata ganye. Hanyar sarrafawa: fesawa "Karbofos".
A cikin gadaje na fure, waɗannan siffofin Chrysanthemums suna girma:
- -Aramin-ƙananan, wanda ke da harbe-harbe da yawa, an yi masa kambi da yawa (har zuwa guda 800) ƙananan inflorescences, tare da diamita na 2-9 cm.
- Babban-fure, ya kai tsayin mita 1-1.2. A kan mai tushe sune manyan inflorescences 1-10.
Wasu lambu amfani da halaye na nazarin halittu na mutum irin Chrysanthemums don shuka su a cikin hunturu a cikin yanayi na cikin gida. A watan Janairu-Maris, nau'in-fure-fure tare da lokacin buduwa na makonni 12-14 ana amfani da su don samo tsiran furanni. Wannan hanyar girma chrysanthemums yana da tsada sosai, saboda yana amfani da ƙarin hasken wuta.
Yadda ake shuka chrysanthemums daga tsaba a cikin yankin ku?
Cigaban shekara-shekara ko na shekara-shekara na kwanan wata ya zama sananne. Ana iya samun su ta hanyar shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen Afrilu ko a watan Mayu. An shirya rijiyoyin a kan gadaje da aka shirya tare da tazara tsakanin 20-25 cm. Ana zuba su da ruwa mai ɗumi kuma ana sanya tsaba 2-3. Yayyafa tare da ramuka na ƙasa rufe fim ɗin gonar. Godiya gareshi, kasar gona a cikin rami zai kasance da dumin jiki da danshi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga saurin shuka na tsaba.
Lokacin da farkon harbe ya bayyana, an cire tsari. Kula da matasa chrysanthemums ya ƙunshi loosening na ƙasa na yau da kullun, cire ciyayi da amfani da hadi. Mako guda bayan germination, su za a iya ciyar da tare da ruwa taki, sosai diluted da ruwa. Don wannan, magunguna kamar Rainbow da Ideal sun dace.
Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka kai 5-10 cm a tsayi, an bar shuka ɗaya a cikin rami. Don yin wannan, zaɓi mafi ƙarfi misalin. Ragowar seedlings za'a iya cire su da kyau daga doron kasa kuma aka dasa su a wani wuri. Chrysanthemums suna yin kwanaki 40-50 bayan bayyanar seedlings.
Seedling na Chrysanthemums daga tsaba
Girma chrysanthemums daga tsaba kuma za a iya yin ta ta hanyar seedlings. A cikin wannan fure yakan faru da sauri. Perennial chrysanthemums suna girma ne kawai ta wannan hanyar. A watan Fabrairu-Maris, ana shuka iri a cikin manyan akwatina cike da gaurayawar ƙasa. Don shirye-shiryenta daidai gwargwado, zaku iya ɗaukar ƙasa daga greenhouse, humus da peat. Kafin a shuka iri, ana cakuda cakuda ƙasa, kuma a sashi a zazzabi kusan 120 ° C. Shirye-shiryen seedlings na tsire-tsire masu fure su ma sun dace da seedlings.
Dole ne a zuba kwarara (yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa, ƙananan duwatsun, buɗaɗɗen bulo) a ƙarshen kwalaye. A saman sa, an rufe ƙasa mai laushi. Akan tabewar saman ta ana zuba.
A wannan yanayin, akwai madaidaicin doka don dakatarwa:
- tsaba na shekara-shekara chrysanthemums yafa masa ƙasa mai nauyi na 0.5 cm;
- an bar nau'in nau'in perennial a saman ƙasa, kawai danna su da dabino daga hannunka.
Ka ƙasƙantar da ƙasa da bindiga mai harba. Kwalaye an rufe shi da filastik. An sanya su a cikin wuri mai ɗumi wanda zafin jiki yake 23-25 ° C. Ana kula da amfanin gona a kai a kai, ana shayarwa kuma a sha iska Kasar bai kamata ta bushe ba. Bayan kwanaki 10-14, harbe suka bayyana. Bayan haka, akwatunan tare da tsire-tsire suna fallasa a wuri mai haske.
Lokacin ganye na 2-4 ya bayyana, tsire-tsire suna dab da shi cikin kofuna ko tukwane. Wannan zai kare tushen tsarin chrysanthemums daga lalacewa yayin dasawa. Da ƙarfi elongated da raunana seedlings ba su dace da ruwa. Bayan aiwatar da wannan hanya, ana feshin tsire-tsire da maganin "Zircon" ko "Epin-Extras." Wadannan kwayoyi suna taimaka wa seedlings su sami tushe cikin sauri.
Kulawa da samari yara masu sauki ne. Ya ƙunshi kiyaye mafi yawan zafin jiki a 16-18 ° C, shayarwa na yau da kullun da kuma kayan miya. Tsire-tsire suna hadi sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2. A karancin hasken halitta, ana iya buƙatar ƙarin hasken wuta. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, shuki ya kai murai na 15-20 cm a cikin watanni 1.5. Lokacin da iska ta tashi sama akan titi zuwa 15-18 ° C, ana tura tsire-tsire zuwa greenhouse. Bayan da barazanar bazara ta bushe a cikin Mayu, ana shuka chrysanthemums a cikin dindindin. Nan da nan bayan saukowa a kan gadaje na fure, an fiɗa firan seedlingsan seedlings. Lokacin da harbe-harbe a kaikaice sun isa tsawon 15-20 cm, ana maimaita farcen. Godiya ga wannan hanya, m, m bushes suna strewn da yawa inflorescences.
Yanke da rarrabuwa na wani daji na Chrysanthemums
Babban hanyar yaduwar chrysanthemums ana daukar ciyayi - yan itace. Tsarin haifuwa ya fara da zabin mafi kyawun tsire-tsire na uwa. Bayan an gama furanni, ana ƙara su a cikin katako ko kuma a dasa a cikin kwalaye, a bar su a wuri mai sanyi, bushe tare da hasken al'ada. Sannan ana aiwatar da maganin hana maye ciki - abubuwanda suke shaye-shaye na uwar masu zafin jiki a cikin zafin jiki na 1-4 ° C na makonni 2-4. Sannan a kawo su cikin dakin da yake da dumin dumu-dumu. Bayan wannan, tushen ci gaba ya fara girma a kan tsire-tsire na uwa. An yanke shi cikin yankan tare da ƙirƙirar 2-3 internodes. An dasa su a cikin kwalaye da aka shirya. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don ci gaban su shine 16-18 ° C.
Sake bugun ta hanyar rarraba daji ba shi da fa'ida, amma mafi sauki. Don rarrabuwa, ana amfani da ƙananan firi-fryryanthemums sauƙaƙe. An dasa bushes ɗin bayan shekaru 2, rarraba su zuwa sassa da yawa tare da matasa harbe.
