Idan kuna son dasa shuki mai ban mamaki, misali, fern, to, nephrolepis don haɓaka gidan shine ya fi dacewa da wannan yanayin. Ba wai kawai ya kasance mai ban sha'awa da kyau ba, har ma yana da kaddarorin amfani.
Bayanin Shuka
Gidajen asali na nephrolepis sune gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na kudu maso gabashin Asiya, Afirka da Amurka. Kuma shekaru da yawa an danganta shi ga tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Wannan nau'in fern yana da irin wannan amfani mai mahimmanci kamar tsarkakewar iska mai kewaye. Yana shan abubuwa masu guba (toluene da formaldehyde) da kwayoyin cuta. Sabili da haka, yawancin lokuta ana iya samun nephrolepis a cikin cibiyoyin likita.
Yawan nau'in nephrolepis sun hada da ferns 40 daban-daban, amma kawai wasu daga cikinsu sun dace da haɓaka a gida.
Nephrolepis an ɗaukaka shi. Yana girma a cikin wurare masu zafi na kudu maso gabashin Asiya, duka a ƙasa kuma a kan canjin jini. Ganyen-pinnate lokaci-lokaci na iya kaiwa tsawon 70 cm, suna da launi mai haske mai haske mai haske da gefen gari. Wannan nau'in shine mafi mashahuri don haɓaka gida.
Nephrolepis shine Boston. A nau'in da aka bred a cikin Amurka. Ganyen wannan fern na iya zama sau biyu, sau uku-hudu.
Farin cikin zuciyar Nephrolepis. Wata nau'in shahararre ne tsakanin masoya tsirrai na cikin gida. Yana da fasalin halayyar a saman harbe a cikin nau'in kumburi wanda yake kama da digo a cikin bayyanar su. Bar ganye girma, yankuna na ganye ruwa ana shirya more densely.
Xiphoid nephrolepis. Homelandasar haihuwar wannan nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don haɓaka gida shine Amurka ta Tsakiya. Babban fasalinsa shine kasancewar ganyayyaki masu tsayi, wanda zai iya kaiwa mita biyu. Saboda haka, xiphoid nephrolepis ya fi dacewa da haɓaka cikin ɗakunan katako mai santsi.
Kulawa
Nephrolepses tsire-tsire ne marasa ma'ana, duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a kula da wasu yanayi.
Haske Ferns sun fi son hasken da ya bazu, don haka windows masu fuskantar yamma ko gabas sune mazauna wurin da kyau. Guji hasken rana kai tsaye, in ba haka ba ƙone na iya bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki.
Zazzabi Wannan nau'in yanayin yanayin zafi ne na ferns na wurare masu zafi; saboda haka, yanayin zafi mafi yawanci don haɓakawa daga + 20-23 ° С.
A cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki kada ya sauka ƙasa + 13 ° C, haka kuma ba za ku iya barin shuka a cikin daftarin ba.
Watse. Watering da fern ya kamata yalwatacce isa, musamman a lokacin zafi. Ya kamata a tsaftace ruwa a zazzabi a daki. Hakanan zaka iya zuba ruwa a cikin kwanon tukunyar filawa.
Haushi Kamar ferns da yawa, nephrolepis fi son yanayin zafi sosai - kimanin 50-60%.
Ba shi yiwuwa shuka ta kasance kusa da kayan girki.
Juyawa da haifuwa
Yankin yaduwar nephrolepis don girma gidan za'a iya aiwatar dashi ta hanyoyi biyu:
- Tare da taimakon harbe. Lokacin dasa manyan tsire-tsire na manya, ana iya raba shi. Don yin wannan, yayyafa saman karamin shoot tare da ƙasa a cikin tukunya mai kusa, da zaran an kafa sabon ganye da asalinsu, ana iya dasa shukar da ta girma.
- Ta hanyar rarraba rhizome. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar samun harbe guda ɗaya waɗanda ke da abubuwan haɓaka nasu, raba su da tsirrai da kuma dasa su a tukwane. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar babban iska mai zafi da kuma kula da zafin jiki na kimanin + 15-18 ° C.
Kamar sauran nau'in fern, ana yada shi nephrolepis a cikin bazara, kowane shekara biyu ko uku. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi tukwane da aka yi da filastik, maimakon ɗakunan da babu iyaka. Ana buƙatar yumɓu mai yumɓu don malalewa. Soilasa don ferns ya zama haske: ƙasar da ta dace ko peat. Kuna iya ƙara cin ɗan ƙashi kaɗan (kimanin 5-7 g a 1 kilogiram na substrate).
Kwaro da Cututtuka
Babban karin kwari na fern sune sikelin kwari, farin fararen fata, aphids da kwando na gizo-gizo. Don magance su, ya zama dole a kula da shuka da irin waɗannan dillalan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar su Actellik ko Aktara.
Daga cikin cututtukan cututtukan halittar Nephrolepis, galibi yakan faru:
- ganye mai bushe - yana buƙatar ƙarin saurin shayar da shuka ko mafi girman zafi a cikin ɗakin;
- ganye suna fadi, juzu'i ko canza launi - kuna buƙatar ƙara yawan zafin jiki na iska, cire tsiron daga cikin abubuwan da aka shimfiɗa da ruwa kawai tare da zaunar, ruwan dumi;
- bushe, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu (ƙonewa) sun bayyana akan ganyayyaki - ana buƙatar cire ƙwayar a wuri mai inuwa.
Kamar yadda kake gani, fern Nephrolepis shine shuka mai ƙarancin gaske, kulawa wanda ba ya haifar da matsala da yawa. Amma a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, wannan shuka zai yi farin ciki da bayyanar sabon abu don fiye da shekara guda.
