Noma freesia a filin buɗe ido, kulawar gida

Homelandasar asalin kyawawan frean cirani ita ce Afirka ta Kudu. Shuka shinge, kulawa da zaɓi na fure ya mamaye lambu daga farfajiyar Faransa. Abin da ya sa ake ɗaukar furanni freesia alama ce ta tsarin aristocracy. Danshi mai daɗi mai ban mamaki, yanayin gurɓataccen filayen yana ba kwandon freesia taushin sha'awar. Yana nuna alama ga matasa, zaman lafiya da mahimmanci.

Siffofin Freesia

Tsarin launi na shuka yana da duk tabarau na bakan gizo. Kwandunan Freesia suna da nau'in tseren tsere, wanda ya kammala fagen aikin alheri, wanda aka lullube shi da ganyayyaki na xiphoid.

Kamshin da ke cikin freesia yayi kama da na hucin Lily na kwari.

A shuka nasa ne da bulbous perennials na iris iyali. Tana sonta sosai. A da, freesia an girma ne kawai a cikin rufaffiyar yanayi don dalilin yankan. Masu shayarwa sun karɓi sabon nau'in freesia, waɗanda ke girma cikin ƙasa a cikin yankuna kudu da yamma na westernasar Rasha.

Takamaiman fasali na freesia:

• ƙanshin ƙanshin na dogon lokaci, saboda haka ana amfani dashi a masana'antar kwalliya;
• an yi nasarar amfani da shi a cikin zane mai faɗi;
• shuka yana da matukar saukin kamuwa da girma a cikin kasa bude ko a gida;
• tabarau masu launin ja da shuɗi-fure na girma da sauri fiye da waɗansu.

Iri freesia

Kimanin nau'ikan freesia 20 aka lissafa da bambance-bambancen da yawa, amma masu haɓaka - uku.

1. Freesia Armstrong. Wannan hoton adon ado ne, 0.7 m high. Yawancin <>, wanda ya bambanta da launi mai kyau, shine sananne. Furanninta furanni masu ruwan hoda ne ko mulufi, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin panicles - inflorescences. Bar bar girma daga harbe.
2. Freesia ta karye. Ya yi ƙanana kaɗan (matsakaicin 0.4m). Kwanduna tare da launuka masu launin shuɗi, fari da ruwan lemo. An tattara furanni 4-5 a cikin buroshi. Idan ka kalli hoton lalacewar freesia, zaku iya sha'awar bambance bambancen sa. Shuka shuka a watan Afrilu.
3. Freesia ne mai hade. An samo shuka ta hanyar zaɓi. Biyu daga cikin jinsunan da ke sama an tsallaka su a tsakani. Wani daji mai fure 7-10. Tare da taimakon matasan freesia, suna samar da bakan gizo a kan gadajen furanni, suna dasa furanni freesia na wannan nau'in ta hanyar launuka iri iri na bakan gizo.

Hybrid freesia fure don dogon lokaci kuma yana da kyakkyawan kallo. Manyan nau'ikan wannan nau'in sune:

1. Red Lyon. Furanni masu launin ja ne, yanayin fure na fure ne.
2. Vinita Gold. Rawaya ko lemo.
3. Sarauta Saratu Kwandon shudi ne.

Saukowa

Freesia tana girma a cikin lambu da kuma a gida. Itatuwa yayi kyau sosai a dukkan bangarorin.

Don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bude tubers. Cooking dasa kwararan fitila fara a farkon spring. An dasa su a cikin abu, wanda aka shirya kamar haka: turf / peat / humus / yashi.

Taki tare da abincin kashi, ana ƙara salts na potassium a cikin cakuda ƙasa da aka shirya don dasawa da ita.

Kwararan fitila tare da wani tazara a cikin tukunyar dasa domin 'ya'yan itacun su girma cikin sauƙi.

Wajibi ne a fitar da tsarin ban ruwa don kada duniya ta zama kangara, amma kuma kada ta bushe.

Idan yanayin ya ba da izinin, ana iya dasa shuki a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude, bayan sun yi nazari a baya game da yanayin 'yan ƙwayayen.

Dasa mafi kyau ana yi bayan lokacin sanyi lokacin sanyi, kusan a tsakiyar Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu.

Dole ne a zaba wurin saukowa a gaba, la'akari da peculiarities na kula da freesia. Kodayake ta fito ne daga Afirka ta Kudu, ba ta yarda da zafi da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Yankin da ya yi duhu, mai natsuwa, rashin gabatarwa - wannan shine abin da ke son fure mai taushi, kuma hakan yana tabbatar da al'adarsa ta al'ada.

Kafin dasa, an ƙara peat a ƙasa. A kasar gona an kwance kuma pre-saka pegs, domin ya yi amfani da su zuwa garter shuka.

Don dasa tubers, an shirya ramuka game da zurfin 6 cm, daga 5 zuwa 12 cm. Bayan zaune a saman ramuka a ko'ina rarraba takin.

Don sha'awar furannin freesia a gida, ana kuma girma cikin furannin furanni.

Takaita bukatun saukowa, zamu iya bambance masu zuwa:

1. Freesia tana buƙatar tabbatar da tsawan hasken rana.
2. Furen ya kula da zayyana.
3. Whereasar da aka dasa shukar fure ya kamata ta kasance mai kwance, tare da kyakkyawan malalewa.
4. Iri-iri na Broadleaf na freesia suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari, ana iya dasa nau'ikan kunkuntar da yawa.
5. An ba da izinin yankan furanni bayan furanni biyun farko da suka bayyana a kwandon.
6. Dole ne a cire furanni masu bushe don kada kayan abinci su lalace a kansu.
7. Furen yana ƙaunar danshi, ana buƙatar samar dashi tare da shafawa ta yau da kullun. Kada a bar ruwa ya shiga ganyayyaki da rushewa.

Kulawar Freesia

Shirya flower flower wajibi ne, lura da wadannan sharudda:

• Cire lokaci na bushe furanni.
• Ciyar da shuka sau biyu a wata.
• Matsakaici amma akai ruwa.
• Tulla madaidaicin mai tushe.
• Sarrafa tsire-tsire daga kwari.
• Kwan fitila kafin dasa.

Dole ne a ɗauka cikin zuciya cewa an yi suturar farko ta sama tare da nitonium nitrate.

Girma freesia a gida

A gida, aikin narkar da freesia yana nufin hunturu ne - lokacin bazara. Don hana freesia zama m a cikin Janairu, ana shuka tubers a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen watan Agusta.

Kwararan fitila suna da pre-wetted a cikin azotobacterin, an shirya su tare da tsammanin 0.5 g ta 10 l na ruwa, tare da tsawon rabin sa'a. A kan pallet na tanki, an share abu mai narkewa da kusurwar itace, sannan an zuba ƙasa tare da Bugu da kari na potassium phosphorus kayan miya. Ana sanya kwararan fitila 5 a cikin tukunya zuwa zurfin cm 6 6. Akwatin da freesia ya fi kyau a sanya shi a cikin ɗakunan da ke da wuta, tare da zafin jiki na matsakaici. Kafin ganye, ba a shayar da shuka ba. Bayan ganyayen farko sun bayyana, an canza fure zuwa wuri mai danshi kuma fara ruwa.

Kula da freesia a gida ya fi sauki a gonar ko a cikin kore.

1. A cikin hunturu, girma freesia a gida, wajibi ne don samar da shi da haske, saboda wannan suna amfani da fitila.
2. Don girma fure mai santsi, bai kamata ku manta game da tallafin ba. Suna taimakawa freesia kai tsaye kuma suka girma a koyaushe. A cikin kula da tsirrai, an dauki wuri mai mahimmanci ta hanyar tsarin ruwa. Dole ne a aiwatar da tsarin ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsafta lokacin da ganyen ya bushe.
3. Lokacin kulawa da freesia, mutum bai kamata ya manta cewa tana ƙaunar zafi ba kuma hanya ta fesawa ta zama tilas.
4. Ya kamata ku ciyar da fure sau 2 a mako har sai ganye sun bushe.
5. Bayan fitar fure da freesia na gida, ana yanke ganyayyaki da ganyayyaki, kuma suna ci gaba da kula da kwan fitila domin sauran kwararan fitila su bayyana a ciki. Sa'an nan an cire tubers daga ƙasa, a bi dashi tare da abun da ke tattare da ƙwayoyin potassium, an sanya shi a bushe kuma a sanya shi cikin ajiya.

Kwan fitila

Daidaitaccen ma'aunin tubers - garanti na ingantaccen furanni masu kyau da kyawawan furanni don shekara mai zuwa.

1. Ana adana fitilar Freesia a raga, a cikin ɗakuna masu iska mai laushi (80%). Tsarin zafin jiki shine digiri 20.
2. Idan babu dakin da ya dace, an saka maɓoɓin wuta tare da kwararan fitila akan jakar ruwa.
3. Rarrabe kulawa yana buƙatar kayan dasa. Sau ɗaya a wata, ana buƙatar sake yin bita, da rarrabe ganyen da aka ɓoye. Wata daya kafin saukowa, an sanya su a cikin wani wuri mai sanyaya.

A wa annan wuraren yanayin zafi inda ba a kewaya bazarar sanyi ba, ana iya barin kwararan fitila a cikin ƙasa, tare da rufe su da lapotnik.

Kamar kowane tsirrai, freesia yana iya yin illa ga kwaro. Anan jerin mafi hatsarin parasites na fure:

• thrips;
• aphids;
• gizo-gizo mite;
• scab;
• ruɓa.

Idan an samo wuraren da abin ya shafa a kan fure, dole ne a cire su nan da nan.

Kwararan fitila a gaban ajiya bukatar ya warware tare da potassium permanganate bayaniYa kamata a maimaita hanyar kafin dasa. Bayan girman wannan kyakkyawan a cikin lambun akan windowsill ɗinku, kuna iya more furanni masu ban sha'awa a kowace shekara, kuna numfashi cikin ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙanshi na freesia.