Streptocarpus yana nufin perennial, herbaceous, ciyayi fure mai yalwa. Shi wakili ne a gidan Gesneriaceae. A shuka samu sunan da godiya ga 'ya'yan itacen - a Twisted kwafsa. Fassara daga tsohuwar yaren Girka, wannan na nufin "'ya'yan itacen da aka juya." A yanayi, akwai game da Nau'ikan 140 sakonnin otomatik. An samo su a giwayen giwayen dutse da kuma a cikin ciyayin da ke da babban zafi. Asalinsu shine tsibirin Madagascar, Kudu da Equatorial Africa, kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Akwai streptocarpuses, waxanda suke xerophytes. Suna girma a wurare masu bushewa, suna dacewa da rashin ruwa. Akwai furanni na daji da ke girma a wurare masu duhu kusa da tafkunan. Streptocarpus na iya zama shekara-shekara, mai tsiro, tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire iri-iri.
Wadannan furanni masu kyau don shuka a cikin yanayin dakin ya fara daɗewa. Amma, rashin alheri, basu taɓa amfani da sanannun mutane ba. A zamaninmu, ta hanyar saurin aikin shayarwa, nau'ikan nau'ikan streptocarpus sun lalace, wanda kyawawan su suka bambanta su.
Tsarin launi na waɗannan tsirrai masu ban mamaki ya bambanta. Wataƙila ba za ku iya samun wata shuka ba tare da irin wannan palette mai ban mamaki na launuka. Akwai streptocarpuses tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi, fari, ruwan hoda, jan, shuɗi, shuɗi mai duhu har ma da baki. Akwai nau'ikan streptocarpuses masu launi guda biyu, da samfurori tare da samfurori iri-iri - aibobi, raga, beraye, dige. Siffar fure-fure kuma daban - wanda aka zagaye tare da wavy gefen ko m. Furanni, mai sauƙi da biyu, Semi biyu. Iya kai 2-9 cm a diamita. Flowersananan furanni sun fi yawa akan shinge. Lokacin fure na lithophyte yana da tsayi sosai - daga bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Tare da ingantaccen haske, shuka zai yi fure shekara. Harshen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ba ya buƙatar lokacin hutawa a cikin lokacin sanyi.
Dankin yana da ganyayyaki masu elongated waɗanda suke tattarawa a cikin kayan cikin muhimmi na Rosal. Girman ganye, dangane da nau'in halitta, ya bambanta. Ganyen tsirai iri iri ne .an kankanta. Wasu nau'in suna da ganye tsawon tsayi 30 cm. Akwai samfurori waɗanda ganye guda kawai. Mafi yawan launi na ganye shine kore. Koyaya, akwai nau'ikan da ɗanɗano ya bambanta. 'Ya'yan itacen kwaston ne. Akwai ƙwaya a ciki.
Zai fi sauƙi don kula da lalacewa ta hanyar amfani da kwakwalwa fiye da senpolis. Su za a iya girma a gaban taga, baranda, baranda da kuma baranda na waje. Sabuwar zuriya ta wannan fure mai sauki tana iya samu. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yaduwar shuka.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, an zabi streptocarpuses ta masu girbin fure wanda ke zama a cikin kananan gidaje. Wannan inji ba ta buƙatar sarari mai yawa.
Streptocarpus ya shahara sosai a Amurka. A cikin ƙasarmu, yawancin masu noman furanni ma suna da sha'awar wannan tsiro na fure.
Kula da streptocarpus a gida
Haske
Streptocarpus shuka ne mai daukar hoto. Dukansu hasken lantarki na halitta da kuma wucin gadi na walƙiya sun dace da shi. Zai ji dadi sosai a kan windows da yamma. Idan furen zai girma akan taga na kudu a bazara da bazara, to hakan zai iya zama matsala. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a lullube shi da zane mai haske don kada ya cika zafi. A cikin hunturu, windows ta kudu kawai sun dace da ɓarna, tunda sun fi son tsawon hasken rana, kuma a lokacin kaka-hunturu suna buƙatar ƙarin haske.
Zazzabi
A shuka adapts da kyau zuwa al'ada dakin zazzabi a ɗaka. Streptocarpus yana girma da kyau a zazzabi na 20-25 digiri a cikin lokacin dumi. A cikin hunturu, zai kasance da kwanciyar hankali kuma a zazzabi kaɗan. Amma bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 14 ba. Ya kamata a tuna cewa furanni masu falala ba zasu iya tsayar da zafi ba, zafi yana haifar musu da lahani. A lokacin rani, ya kamata a ajiye streptocarpus a cikin yanki mai sanyi da sanyin jiki. Zai kuma son wurin a baranda.
Haushi
Kyakkyawan fure mai fure fi son zafi a cikin kewayon 50-70%. Idan akwai alamomi masu ƙaranci, inji zai iya ci gaba bisa al'ada. Streptocarpus yana ƙaunar fesawa a cikin ƙananan ƙananan jijiyoyin.
Watse
Streptocarpus bai yarda da ruwa mai wuya ba, saboda haka ana ɗaukar ruwa mai laushi da kyau don ban ruwa. Ruwa da shuka a gefen tukunyar. Yawan ruwa sosai na iya cutar da tsiron. Yana haifar da jujjuyawar asalin sa. Iri-iri na rigakafi suna da karamin taro, saboda babu danshi da yawa. A cikin hunturu, watering ya kamata matsakaici. A lokacin rani da bazara ana shayar da shi kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa.
A lokacin shayarwa, streptocarpus zai nuna kansa. Idan ƙasa ta cika banɗaki, ganyen tsiron ya faɗi ya bushe. Lokacin da aka yi ruwa, ana mayar da su.
Takin
Dukkanin tsire-tsire masu yalwar ciyawa sun yi hanzari deple ƙasa, don haka suna buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun. A lokacin furanni, ana amfani da takin mai magani sau ɗaya a mako.
Juyawa
Streptocarpus yana da babban tsarin ƙasa wanda yake cike tukunya da sauri. Containersanan kwantena ba su dace da shuka ba. Ya kamata a zaɓi fifiko ga ƙananan tukwane da aka yi da filastik. Yin amfani da tukwane na yumɓu, akwai haɗarin haɗari ga lalata tushen tsiro yayin dasawa. Don kada ruwan ya yi tururi a cikin tushen, ana sanya magudanar kyau a ƙasan tanki.
Duk da cewa streptocarpuses suna cikin perennials, suna rayuwa kadan. Sun rasa kwarjinin su tuni a shekara ta uku. Idan sun girma a cikin nau'i na daji, dole ne a sabunta su ta tsari, rarraba su zuwa sassa.
Ilasa
Babban buƙatar ƙasa don haɓaka streptocarpuses shine madaidaicin iska. A shuka girma mafi kyau a cikin porous ƙasa, wanda wuce danshi da kyau. Amfani mai kyau na senpolia tare da ƙari na peat ya dace da launuka masu kyau.
Hakanan za'a iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kansa. Don yin wannan, ɗauki humus, yashi, haushi da peat. Streptocarpus ya dace yadudduka matattarar mahaɗan daga daidai sassan peat, perlite da vermiculite. Wasu lambu suna amfani da wani cakuda - katako, yankakken moss sphagnum, vermiculite da peat.
Kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yaduwar ɓarna a cikin ɓoye - rarraba daji, ganyayen ganye da tsaba.
Hanya mafi sauki don samun sabon shuka ita ce ta rarraba daji. Lokacin da mahaifiyar daji tayi ƙarfi, an yanke shi zuwa sassa da yawa yayin dasawa. Godiya ga daji daya, zaku iya samun sabbin hanyoyin amfani da kwamfutoci guda biyar. A wannan yanayin, karen daji ya fara toho da sauri.
M sau da yawa mai son lambu girma sabon irin streptocarpuses godiya ga ganye ganye. Wannan hanyar ba ta zama mai sauƙi ba, amma lambu mai gwaninta daga ganye ɗaya 5-6 cm a girman sarrafawa don samun yara fiye da 10.
Lokacin da ya fi dacewa don yaduwa ta hanyar ganye mai ganye shine bazara. Takaddun ganye suna kafe cikin ruwa. Koyaya, akwai ɗan ƙaramar damuwa. Ganyen ganye yana gajarta, saboda haka guntuwar yankan ya dan yi kaifi sosai sannan kawai a sanya shi cikin ruwa. Ganyen yana kafe sosai, amma ganyen zai iya ruɓewa.
Don tushen tushe, yana da kyau a yi amfani da cakuda ƙasa don violet, diluted tare da peat da vermiculite. Sauƙin peat da vermiculite ma sun dace.
Don tushen ganyen ganye, ana amfani da kofuna na filastik na yau da kullun, ƙasan wanda ke rufe da bakin ciki na polystyrene foam Dole ne a sami rami a gindin tankin don malalewa ruwan. Amma ya fi dacewa don amfani da kwantena abinci don samfuran samfurori tare da shinge don tushen.
Don yaduwar shuka, kuna buƙatar guntun farantin ganye wanda yake auna cm 5-6. Ganyayyun ƙulli a bayyane suke a kasan ganyen. Idan kuka dasa duk ganye a tsaye, zaku sami jariri ɗaya kawai. Don samun ƙarin yara tare da wuka mai kaifi da bakararre, an yanke takardar a cikin gwanaye da yawa.
Kuna iya dasa raka'a biyu na yanka a cikin wani keɓaɓɓen ko raba saman takardar kuma ku dasa shi a tsaye.
Daga yankewar hanyoyin murdiya, yara zasu yi toho. Don haɓaka tasirin, ya kamata a kula da yanka tare da tushen ƙarfafa (alal misali, tushe).
Don hana cuttings daga bushewa, an sanya su a cikin karamin-greenhouse. Ana sanya jakar filastik a saman kofin filastik. Zaku iya sauƙaƙe aikin ta amfani da jakar filastik tare da murfi da aka kulle da buɗe yayin hurawa yayin da istigfari ya sauka a kai.
Wani lokacin da alama dai ganye na yin ɗumi. Lokaci zai wuce, zai yi tushe har ya zuwa rai. Tsarin rooting yana ɗaukar tsawon lokaci - kimanin watanni biyu. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a guji bushewa daga cikin earthen substrate. Daga wuce haddi danshi, ganyen na iya juyawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don hatsi shine digiri 20-24.
Har yaran suka girma, basa bukatar zama a zaune. Ana dasa su ne kawai lokacin da suka ninka har zuwa cm 2. Tukunyar filastik tare da diamita na 7-9 cm ya dace da su.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Ganyayyaki masu saurin lalacewa sune sakamakon rashin ruwa na streptocarpus. Idan sun “rataye” kuma ƙasa a cikin tukunya tana da danshi, Tushen sun lalace kuma tsire-tsire zai mutu nan da nan. Ana iya samun ceto ta hanyar dasawa da dasa tushen ganye (saboda su zo rayuwa, an sanya su na ɗan lokaci a ruwa).
Idan ganye sun juya launin rawaya, inji ya sami kunar rana a jiki. Gara a watsa shi. Abubuwan bushewa suna nuni da bushewar iska a daki ko tukunya. Lokacin da "murfin" mai rufi ya bayyana, ya wajaba don rage yawan shayarwa da adadin manyan riguna.
Idan shuka bai yi fure ba, ya rasa haske. Dole ne mu manta cewa hasken rana na streptocarpus ya kamata ya wuce awanni 12-14. Idan babu isasshen hasken, yana da mahimmanci a saka fitila.
