Da dadewa kafin zuwan zafi da farkon aiki a kan shirye-shiryen filaye, da yawa daga cikin mazauna rani sun riga sun bude kakar, suna fara shuka tsiran bishiyoyi a kan gidajen birni. Tun da girbi na gaba ya dogara da ingancin tsire-tsire da aka girma a cikin yanayin rashin jin daɗi, tsari baya buƙatar sauri, amma babban shiri don shi kawai wajibi ne.
Yadda za a yi girma seedlings a kan windowsill?
Sau da yawa, mazauna bazara suna fara shuka kusan a tsakiyar lokacin hunturu, suna motsa wannan tare da sha'awar samun ƙwararrun manya da ƙarfi, a shirye ba tare da ƙarin manyan matsaloli na acclimatization don ci gaba da haɓaka ba kuma sun fara 'ya'yan itace. Koyaya, a maimakon haka, a cikin bazara, mazauna bazara da yawa dole ne suyi jujjuyawar, tsintsiyar tsire-tsire a zahiri tare da furen ganye mai launin shuɗi da tsarin tsagewa a cikin ƙwallon mai yawa.
Don hana wannan faruwa, zaku iya bin ɗayan dabarun biyu:
- Na farko ba shine yayi saurin yin shuka ba, amma ga toan seedlings don ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi dacewa don haɓaka;
- Na biyu - a farkon matakan shuka ta kowace hanya rage girman girma na seedlings domin ya shawo kan mummunan sakamakon rashin haske da kuma namo dogon lokaci.
Babu shakka, hanyar farko an fi so. Da fari dai, ta hanyar bazara, an kara hasken rana ta dabi'a, wanda ke nufin cewa 'yan seedlings ba su da hatsarin kasancewa da elongated da rauni, a gefe guda, ba lallai ba ne don rage girman shuka, rage ruwa da zazzabi.
Kuma haske don shuka akan windowsill yau ba matsala. Zaka iya amfani da duka phytolamps kuma shigar da mai ba da haske game da tattalin arziki ko na'urorin LED don dasa haske.
Idan, a lokaci guda, ana samar da shuka da sauran yanayin mafi kyau: abinci mai gina jiki, ruwa, dumin iska da zazzabi, to tsire-tsire za su amsa da haɓaka abokantaka, za su kasance da ƙarfi kuma a shirye don bayar da girbi mai kyau.
Lokaci don shuka
Dangane da wannan dabarar, zaku iya shuka seedlings a kan windowsill a cikin mafi guntu lokaci.
- Tumatir na matsakaici da na marigayi ripening daga shuka zuwa dasa a cikin ƙasa na buƙatar daga kwanaki 55 zuwa 60, nau'ikan farko da hybrids suna girma kwanaki 10 zuwa 15 cikin sauri.
- Barkono mai dadi yana girma cikin shekaru 65 - 75. Wannan al'ada ba ta da hankali sosai ga shimfiɗa lokacin da ke girma seedlings a kan windowsill. Pepper seedlings za a iya dasa tare da buds, amma, yana da kyau don cire fure.
- Duk nau'in seleri ana shuka su 70 - 80 kwanaki kafin a dasa su a ƙasa.
- Eggplant yana buƙatar kwanaki 60.
- A shugaban letas - game da kwanaki 40.
- Kokwamba, kabewa, zucchini, guna mai zaki: guna da kankana suna shirye don dasawa cikin wata guda. Haka kuma, tare da irin wannan saurin girma, ana shuka irin waɗannan albarkatun gona nan da nan cikin kwantena.
- White-ripened farkon cikakke da farin kabeji a shirye don dasawa cikin gadaje bayan kwanaki 45, da kuma tsakiyar-ripening ko marigayi iri a cikin kwanaki arba'in.
- Duk nau'ikan albasa ana shuka su a cikin shekaru goma na uku na Maris ko kaɗan a baya.
Amma ga ra'ayi na biyu, namo seedlings a kan windowsill yana farawa sosai, kuma don dakatar da shimfiɗa shimfiɗa, rage zafin jiki na ɗakin. Seedlings, kamar kabeji, bayan hatching ya kamata a kiyaye a 6 - 10 °, wanda yake da wuya a gudanar a cikin wani Apartment, wanda ke nufin su ma rage watering, ba da tsire-tsire danshi a lõkacin da suka fara kawai wither.
Babu shakka, wannan hanyar ba ta fi kyau ba.
Me ake bukata don shuka seedlings a kan windowsill?
Amma a kowane hali, yana da mahimmanci a hankali shirya wannan mahimmancin. Wato:
- Lissafta yawan bukatun da ake bukata na seedlings;
- Shirya kasar gona da takin zamani;
- Adana kwantena na shuka;
- Yi la'akari da tabbatar da daidaitaccen matakin zafi da zazzabi;
- Shirya tsaba kyautataccen inganci kuma gurza su kafin shuka.
Setaramar kayan aikin da mazaunin bazara ke buƙata don samo ƙwayoyin lafiya a kan windowsill sun haɗa da:
- Shelarin ƙarin shelves ko sigogi don seedlings wanda aka gyara akan taga;
- Tsarin hasken haske a fitolamps, LEDs ko maɓallin hasken wuta;
- Mai saita lokaci wanda zai saita tsawon lokacin wutan lantarki.
- Trays na shuka da kwantena na dasa shuki bayan bayan ruwa;
- Rugs don dumama kwalaye saukowa;
- Gilashin mai kyalli;
- Chains ko igiyoyi don daidaita tsayin abubuwan gyaran.
Matsalar lighting seedlings a kan windowsill
Tushen da ke fitowa daga cikin tsaba ba shi da ƙarfi don haɓaka. Kuma idan sun sami ma'adanai daga ƙasa, to lallai ne a samar da kwayoyin halitta yayin photosynthesis, wanda ke buƙatar haske. A cikin mako guda ko biyu bayan germination, da seedlings shirye su nutse, duk da haka, tare da rashin haske, da tsire-tsire juya ya zama mafi rauni kuma mafi saukin kamuwa don tushen rot cuta.
Daidai ne, shuki a farkon zamanin yana buƙatar haske mai zagaye-da-agogo, sannan tsire-tsire sun fi kyau don samar da hasken sa'o'i 16. A bayyane yake, Maris goma ko Afrilu goma sha uku bai isa ba. Saboda haka, ya zama dole ta kowane hali don tabbatar da samun haske ga tsirrai.
Yadda za a tsara haske don seedlings a kan windowsill?
A yanayi, tsirrai suna rayuwa a cikin hasken rana, wanda ya kunshi raƙuman ruwa mai tsayi daban-daban. An tsara sassan shuɗi da violet na bakan don tsara ci gaba, yana taimakawa harbe su kasance masu ƙarfi. Jaka bakan yana shafar tsiro.
Sabili da haka, dukkanin bakan yana da mahimmanci, kuma yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don ƙara yawan amfani da hasken shiga ɗakin ba, har ma don ba da tsire-tsire masu inganci. Yana da ma'ana a sanya allo na matte da ke sanya hasken ya watse, da amfani da tsarukan tunani, alal misali, kayan da aka sanya mai rufi.
Koyaya, hasken wutan lantarki na musamman ba makawa bane. A cikin ƙungiya ta tsakiya, haske don seedlings akan windows windows of gine-ginen gidaje da kuma gidaje yana da mahimmanci har sai an juyar da seedlings zuwa wurin.
A lokaci guda, fitilu na yau da kullun tare da tungsten filament sune mafi kyawun zaɓi, suna ba da fraan ƙarami ne kawai a cikin tsinkayen yanayi, amma sun fi lada don wannan tare da wuce haddi mai ɗorewa na zafin rana, yana sa thea seedlingsan su shimfiɗa.
Mafi kyawun ƙwararrun phytolamps, mai kyalli ko na'urorin LED, waɗanda suke, ƙari, mafi tattalin arziki.
Yadda za a sanya seedlings?
Yana da ma'ana cewa ba shi da mahimmanci girma seedlings a kan windowsill wanda ke kan bangon arewacin ginin. Koyaya, lafiyar seedlings da amfanin gona a nan gaba sun dogara da yankin da aka sanya wa kowane seedling kuma akan girman kwandon wanda ci gaban tushen tsarin shuka yake faruwa.
A kan windowsill mai shimfiɗa ta adalci na nisan mita 1 ta 30 cm, zaku iya shirya kusan bushes 40 na tumatir ko barkono, amma bukatun mazauna rani yawanci yafi yawa. Hanyar fita daga wannan yanayin na iya zama:
- Tsawo daga cikin windowsill saboda tsarin cantilever;
- Shigar da wani shiryayye kamar a tsakiyar firam na taga;
- Shirye-shirye ko aka yi da raka-gida don shuka akan windowsill
A lokaci guda, zaɓuɓɓuka biyu na ƙarshe sune fin so, tunda duk tsire-tsire suna da sauƙin sauƙi don kulawa da shayarwa, ba su tsoma baki tare da juna kuma ba sa ɓoye hasken, kuma yana da sauƙi a shigar da tsarin samar da hasken wuta akan shelf.
Kwantena da shuki
Duk wani kwantena mai girma har zuwa 0.2 l, a cikin abin da ake shuka tsire-tsire sau da yawa, bai isa ba don haɓaka Tushen haɓaka mai kyau; galibi suna haɗuwa, suna haifar da ƙwallon mai yawa, wanda, lokacin da aka watsa shi cikin ƙasa, yawancin suna mutuwa. Kuma, saboda haka, tsire-tsire sun fi wahalar ɗaukar nauyi kuma a gaba za su ba da girbi mara kyau.
Baya ga isasshen iko, kwantena na shuka iri ne kawai ake buƙatar samun:
- Isasshen kuma ingantaccen magudanan ruwa, yana hana ruwa danshi;
- Kayan ganuwar da ke kare tushen tsarin daga tsananin zafi da sanyaya, haka kuma yana tasiri sosai ga ci gabanta;
- Isasshen tsauri, samar da ingantaccen matsayi na tsirrai yayin motsi ko kowane motsi na ƙasa.
Watering seedlings
Har zuwa lokacin da aka shuka tsiro, ana shayar da amfanin gona yau da kullun tare da raunin bayani na hadaddiyar giyar masanin halitta ko kuma mai karfafawa. Sannan, ya danganta da yawan zafin jiki na iska da yanayin ƙasa a cikin kwantena, ana shayar da tsire-tsire ko an watsa har sau uku a mako.
Don tabbatar da danshi abun ciki na kowane shuka bayan nutsewa, zaku iya tsara nau'in tsarin ban ruwa daga pallet ta amfani da kwalaben filastik da zaren girki.
Jin zafi
Ga mafi yawan albarkatu, matakin danshi wanda aka yarda dashi kusan kashi 70%. Abin takaici, a cikin wuraren zama, musamman idan aka kunna wutar, wannan matakin yana da wahalar isa.
Sabili da haka, saboda rashin ruwa na iska, seedlings suna tara adadin salts mai yawa a kan windowsill, kuma salinity na ƙasa yana faruwa, suna kama da launin ruwan kasa mai laushi akan farfajiya da tsoratar da cututtukan seedlings, musamman kabeji.
Don hawan zafi, yana da matukar mahimmanci a yi amfani da kayan hura gida ko shigar da wani kwano na ruwa a ƙarƙashin batirin, wanda aka saukar da tawul mai kauri tare da ɗaya gefen, kuma sanya ɗaya ƙarshen a kan na'urar dumama.
Seedling hardening
Kafin samun zuwa wurin dindindin, seedlings girma a kan windowsill dole wuce da hardening a kan loggia, a glazed baranda ko a cikin wani sauƙi greenhouse.
A saboda wannan, kwantena suna fallasa aƙalla kwanaki biyu ko uku na awanni da yawa kusa da yanayin halitta.
