Karar helikwafta ana wakilta shi da nau'ikan 250 a cikin wurare masu zafi da keɓaɓɓun yanayin duniya. Wasu daga cikinsu, musamman na Turai, suna da guba saboda sinadarin cinoglossin, wani ƙwalƙwalwa a cikin fitsari da harbe, wanda zai iya haifar da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar jijiya a cikin dabbobi.
A fagen aikin gona, don mafi yawancin lokuta, suna amfani da helikoro na Peruvian, mai suna bayan mahaifarsu - Peru, inda ya girma zuwa tsayin mita 1.9 wanda aka rufe da kyawawan furanni waɗanda ke mamaye warin vanilla. Commonarancin yau da kullun a cikin aikin gona sune heliotropes, corymbose da stem-bear.
Babban bayani
Heliotrope Peruvian Yana da perennial wanda ya ɗauki tushe a cikin yanayin yanayi mai tsabta kamar shuka shekara-shekara, kamar yadda ya faru, alal misali, tare da gazania. Rassan reshensa tare da madaidaiciya, yada kututture, har zuwa santimita 60. Ganyayyaki masu launin kore ne, ba suttura ba, duhu mai sama da wuta a ƙasa, fesher, wrinkled. Inflorescences tare da diamita na har zuwa 15 cm sun haɗa da ƙananan, ƙanshi, duhu mai duhu ko furanni shuɗi mai duhu, flaunting daga farkon lokacin bazara har zuwa lokacin sanyi na farko.
Ya kamata a lura cewa ƙanshin mai daɗi na heliotrope da aka shuka daga tsaba an ɗan ɗan ɓata a lokacinmu, saboda daidaiton tsarin zaɓaɓɓen zaɓe da aka ƙaddamar ba don inganta kadarorin ƙanshi ba, amma a haɓaka kayan ado.
Sabili da haka, ƙanshin ƙanshin na iya bambanta lokacin da aka yi cikakken nazarin ko da iri ɗaya ne, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa masana kafin su sayi tsire-tsire na fure suna ba da shawarar ƙona tsire-tsire - wataƙila, wasun su za su sansana sosai.
Iri da iri
Mafi shahararren nau'in nau'in Peruvian a cikin lambuna hellorrope marin. Yana da m, tare da inflorescence diamita of 15 cm, duhu purple furanni da duhu kore-m furen. Matsakaicin tsawo na furanni na wannan nau'in ya zama cm 45-50. Yana ɗaukar tushe sosai kuma yana fara yin fure a cikin shekarar guda bayan shuka.
Ruwan Babbar Hanya - kyakkyawa iri-iri ne na corymbose. Smallananan furanninta suna haifar da dafin haske a cikin ruwa. Variegated inflorescences suna da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko shuɗi, da ganyayyaki masu launin kamar launuka iri-iri a cikin Marina. Daji zai iya girma 45 cm daga ƙasa. Wannan nau'ikan yana da ƙanshi sosai kuma yana da kyau a kan iyakoki.
Heliotrope Odysseus - Wannan ciyawa ce mai yawan ciyawar da ba ta wuce 30 cm tsayi ba, tare da kananan furanni masu kamshi. Yana fure sosai kuma na dogon lokaci a lokacin rani. Ana amfani dashi galibi don shimfidar shimfidar baranda da lambuna.
Heliotrope mashin - shuka mai dafi wanda ba za'a iya amfani dashi ba a cikin aikin gona, ko a wasu yankuna. An kwatanta shi da wani tushe mai tsayi daga 20 zuwa 50 cm babba, m ko kusan zagaye ganye, ƙananan furanni tare da curls a saman ƙusoshin da kara a gefe ɗaya da ƙananan fruitsan fruitsan itaciya masu lalata lokacin da aka farfado. Rarraba a kudu maso gabashin Tarayyar Rasha, a Azerbaijan, haɓakawa tare da hanyoyi da lalata abubuwan alkama. Idan kun sami wannan shuka a cikin lambun fure ku, ku sani - ya fi kyau ku rabu da shi!
Hankalin matasan - girma har zuwa 50 cm ba ga tsawo ba, yana da madaidaiciyar iri mai tushe. Ruwan fure mai duhu elongated yana da farin jini sosai. Flowersanan furanni suna samar da inflorescences har zuwa 15 cm a diamita tare da shunayya, Lilac ko farin launi tare da wari mai daɗi.
Cikakken farin launi na inflorescences halayen ne iri-iri helkwatar Alba. A iri-iri hellotope farin mata furanni suna da ruwan hoda amma suna fararen fari lokacin da suke yin fure.
Heliotrope dasa da kulawa
Saukowa daga cikin heliotrope a cikin ƙasa ba zai yiwu ba tare da narkar da farkon shuka ba, saboda gaskiyar cewa bayan yaduwar yana ɗaukar kwanaki 100 kafin a samar da inflorescences. Tsaba dole ne a shuka a mataki na ƙarshe na hunturu ko a cikin farkon Maris kwana a cikin musamman shirye substrate kunsha 4 sassan peat da 1 ɓangare na yashi. A cakuda dole ne a steamed kuma dole calcined ya hallaka naman gwari.
Bayan an cike akwati da ƙasa, an bada shawara don a haɓaka shi da wuya a ɗanƙaƙa shi, sannan kawai a watsar da ƙwayar heliotrope a ƙasa kuma kawai yayyafa shi a saman tare da ƙasa. A cikin dakin da tsaba zasu yi girma, yanayin zazzabi kusa da zazzabi dakin - 18-20 ° C, da 22 ° C - lokacin da tsiron ya bayyana, dole ne a lura.
Bayan bayyanar ganye 2-3, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena kuma ana shayar da su sosai. A lokacin shuka iri, danshi a ƙasa a cikin yashi ya zama dole, wanda ƙasa aka yayyafa shi. Za'a iya dasa helikwafta a cikin ƙasa a cikin kwanakin farko na Yuni, lokacin da sanyaya daren ya ƙare, a cikin yanki mai ruwa tare da kwance, zai fi dacewa m, ƙasa mai arzikin humus. Heliotrope wata itaciya ce da take kaunar rana, amma bata jure wa zafin rana kai tsaye. Matattar tumbi a wasu lokatai, zaka iya sa heliotrope Bloom ya zama abin alfahari.
Heliotrope Watering
Wasu lambu suna da tabbaci cewa yakamata a danganta heliotrope ga tsire-tsire masu ƙyalƙyali, amma ba a tabbatar da wannan ra'ayin ba idan an shayar da shuka yadda ya kamata. A zahiri, yana son danshi, amma da gaske baya son wuce haddi na ruwa, saboda haka ya fi dacewa a kula da danshi na ƙasa - lokacin da ta bushe, yana da daraja a sha. Bayan haka, halittar yanayin karamin zafi kadan, wanda aka saba da shi don yankuna na wurare masu zafi, ta hanyar fesawa kawai zai amfana.
Idan kun dasa ƙasa da takin ko peat, zai zama da sauƙi a kula da heliotrope, saboda ba lallai ne ku kwance ƙasa ba. Tsarin kwance kanta ya zama tilas, saboda wannan shine yadda ake kiyaye kasa daga samuwar ɓawon burodi. Tuntun kasar gona kuma baya bukatar m ruwa.
Ajiye heliotrope a cikin hunturu
A shuka ba zai iya hunturu a bude ƙasa. Kafin farkon yanayin sanyi, an tura shi cikin tukunya kuma aka aika da shi hunturu zuwa ɗakunan da ke da fitila mai kyau. A lokaci guda, ana kiyaye fure daga hasken rana kai tsaye, sakamakon abin da ganye mai saurin gaske zai iya sa inuwa mai duhu mai duhu ko ma ya ƙone.
Da takin mai magani don heliotrope
Ana bada shawarar saman rigakafin Heliotrope a cikin kullun, kullun tare da tazara na makonni 2-3. Liquid da ingantaccen takin ma'adinai mai dacewa sun dace da waɗannan dalilai. Bayan makonni 2 bayan bayyanar ganye 2-3 a cikin shuka, takin ya fara da takin don shuka.
Heliotrope girma daga tsaba
Yankin heliotrope da tsaba ana aiwatar dashi a watan Fabrairu ko Maris a cikin cakuda yashi da peat. Kwalaye suna rufe gilashi ko fim. Bayan makonni 3-4, tsire-tsire za su bayyana, to, kuna buƙatar tura kwalaye zuwa sararin samaniya tare da hasken da ke warwatse kuma ku kiyaye zafin jiki kusa da su a yankin na 22-23 ° C
Zai fi kyau ruwa da tsayayyen ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin. Yankin shuka yana ba da kayan iri-iri don dasawa tare da shuka-sauri, manyan bushes, fure a kaka da ƙananan inflorescences.
Yaduwa da heliotrope ta yanke
Dangane da abubuwan da muka gabata, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa heliotropes ne sau da yawa ana gasa su. Mafi kyawun duka, tsoffin mutane suna jimre da rawar uwar giya, suna bayar da bazara a cikin mafi ingancin ingancin itace.
A cikin hunturu, ana adana ƙwayoyin sarauniya a cikin gidajen matattarar ƙwayoyi, suna kiyaye tsarin zafin da ke kewaye da kewayon 8-15 ° C da samar da matsakaici na sha. Daga rabin na biyu na watan ƙarshe na hunturu har zuwa Mayu, ana yanke itace ta hanyar yankan harbe tare da ƙarancin shiga ciki na 3-4, yankan ganye don rage yawan danshi.
Yankunan da aka kula da mahallin haɓaka an sanya su a cikin kwalaye cike da humus da yashi a cikin rabbai (2: 1) kuma an sanya su a cikin wurin da ke da iska mai kyau a ƙarƙashin fim ko gilashi. Yayinda tushen ke faruwa, zazzabi yana buƙatar tsawaita a 22-25 ° C, yayin shayar da tsirrai a kowace rana.
Bayan kwanaki 18-25, Tushen na iya bayyana, kuma yakamata a dasa tsiran a cikin tukwane na peat tare da ma'adanai da aka haɗu, mai wanda aka yanko, wanda ya haɗa da peat, ƙasa turf da yashi a gwargwado na 4: 2: 1.
A cikin makon farko bayan dasawa, ana sa dabbobi da dabbobi a wurare masu inuwa kuma aka fesa kullun da ruwa sau 2-3. Maimaita tsiro na seedlings zai iya cimma mafi girma compactness na manya heliotrope. Zai fi kyau shuka a cikin ƙasa a nesa na 15-20 cm daga juna.
Cutar da kwari
- Daga cikin dukkan kwari na heliotrope makiya, ya zama dole don rarrabe m gizo-gizo gizo-gizo mite cewa rinjayar matasa harbe da ganye.
- Bayan wannan, ana iya haifar da cututtuka ta hanyar whiteflies da aphids.
Zai fi kyau a magance su duka ta amfani da "Actellik" magani, maimaita magani bayan sati daya idan ya cancanta. A kan launin toka rot, ana iya amfani da fungicides.
