Kayan fasaha na Beetroot

Kashi na 1. Beets - kaddarorin masu amfani, iri, iri
Sashe na 2. Fasahar aikin gona don beets

Gardenersari da yawa na lambu mai son yin gunaguni cewa beets ba mai dadi ba ne, naman yana da ligneous kuma basu sami dalilai na irin wannan canjin ba. Dalilan galibi ana haifar da su ne saboda ƙarancin tsaba, sayan iri iri maimakon maimakon canteens, take hakkin fasahar noma da yanayin girma. Saboda haka, kafin mu ci gaba zuwa fasaha na aikin gona na beets tebur, bari mu san masaniyar ta game da yanayin girma.

Gwoza bukatun don girma yanayi

Yanayin Zazzabi

Beetroot suna cikin rukunin albarkatun gona masu ƙuna-zafi, amma yana da sauƙin sanyi. Shuka shi a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa yana farawa tare da kafa kullun zazzabi a cikin ƙaramin 10-15 cm ba ƙasa da + 8 ... + 10 ° С. Tare da shuka da wuri tare da dawowar yanayin sanyi, beets bayan germination na iya shiga kibiya ba ta samar da amfanin gona mai inganci. Tushen Tushen zai zama ƙarami tare da zane mai narkewa mai yawa, maras ban sha'awa ko tare da ɗanɗano ciyawa. Don fitowar seedlings, zazzabi na yanayi na + 4 ... + 6 ° C ya isa. Shuka na farko na iya tsayayya da ɗan gajeren lokaci har zuwa -2 ° C, amma amfanin gona zai zama kaɗan. Kada ku yi saurin shuka beets ko shuka a cikin sharuddan da yawa tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 7-10-15. Ofaya daga cikin amfanin gona zai fada cikin ingantaccen yanayi kuma ya samar da amfanin gona da ingancin da kuke buƙata.

Beetroot. Kayan aikin katako

Yanayin haske don beetroot

Don samun ingantaccen amfanin ƙasa mai mahimmanci na kowane amfanin gona (ba wai kawai beets) ba, kuna buƙatar sanin ilimin halittarsa, haɗe da alaƙa da tsarin haske. Beets sune hankulan tsire-tsire na yau da kullun. Gwoza na ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa a matakin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta kafa wannan yanayin ilimin halittu, kuma mafi girman yawan amfanin ƙasa ana kafa shi lokacin da aka horar da shi tare da tsawon hasken rana na awanni 13-16. Canje-canje a cikin tsawon lokacin hasken rana na tsawon awanni 2-3 ana haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a ɓangaren sararin samaniya, kuma ci gaban tushen amfanin gona yana raguwa.

Tuna! A takaice da balaga da amfanin gona, da ƙarancin beets amsa canje-canje a cikin hasken rana hours.

Tsohon, nau'ikan gwoza mai tsayi sun fi matasa ƙarfi a haɗe da tsarin haske kuma suna ba da daidai ba ga canje-canje a cikin tsawon hasken haske. Don samun amfanin gona mai inganci, ya fi dacewa a sayi tsaba gwoza na zamani waɗanda suka fi dacewa da tsawon hasken yankin kuma suna da ɗan amsa ga tsawon lokacin haske. Kari akan haka, masu shayarwa a halin yanzu ana bred iri da kuma hybrids wadanda kusan basa amsar hasken wutan nesa. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau saya nau'ikan zamani da hybrids (F-1) na beets tebur.

Rabo daga beets zuwa danshi

Beets suna iya isasshen damar samar da kansu danshi. Amma tare da rashin isasshen ruwan sama, yana buƙatar yin ruwa. Farashi na ban ruwa ya kamata ya zama matsakaici, tun lokacin da aka wuce gona da iri lokacin da ake shuka ƙarancin tsiro ya samar da albarkatu masu yawa, galibi tare da fasa.

A gado tare da beets. © Olli Wilkman

Kasar gona bukatun beets

Beetroot shuka ce tsaka tsaki. A kan acidified ƙasa, an samar da amfanin gona mara ƙima tare da ƙarancin ɗanɗano na tushen amfanin gona. Al'adar fi son ƙasa ambaliyar ruwa, ɗimbin haske, chernozems. Ba ya yarda da yumbu mai nauyi, m, ƙasa mai saline tare da tsayayyen ruwa.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata na beets ga magabata

Mafi kyawun magabata sune amfanin gona da aka girbe, da suka haɗa da cucumbers, zucchini, kabeji da wuri, dankali da wuri, farkon ofan itace da barkono mai daɗi, farkon tumatir. Musamman mahimmanci shine lokacin girbi na magabata a cikin hunturu shuka iri beets tebur. Dole ne kasar ta zama cikakken shiri don shuka.

Siffofin agrotechnics na beetroot

Zaɓin tsaba na gwoza don shuka

A matsayin tsire-tsire na Botanical, beets hanya ce mai ban sha'awa don ƙirƙirar 'ya'yan itatuwa. 'Ya'yan itacen gwoza sune ƙwayar tsirrai ɗaya. Lokacin da tsaba suka girma, fronds sun girma tare da tsinkayen kuma suna samar da 'ya'yan itace mai dunƙule, wanda shima yana da suna na biyu "iri na gwoza." Kowane glomerulus ya ƙunshi 'ya'yan itatuwa 2 zuwa 6 tare da iri. Sabili da haka, lokacin da germinating, da yawa 'yan ci-rani ke fitowa. A lokacin da shuka seedlings, da gwoza seedlings bukatar thinning. Karɓar girke-girke galibi ana yi da hannu, wanda ke tattare da babban farashi na lokacin aiki kuma, gwargwadon haka, farashin kayan samarwa mafi girma yayin da aka horar da shi a manyan gonaki na musamman.

Masu kiwo guda-iri (guda seedlings) iri iri na gwoza. Dangane da halayensu na tattalin arziƙi, ba sa bambanta da nau'ikan da ke samar da 'ya'yan itace seminal. Babban bambancin su shine samuwar fruita 1an itace 1, wanda yake kawar da bakin ciki lokacin barin. Ba'a izinin haihuwa a gida kafin shuka, rubbed da yashi. Lokacin yin nika, ana rarraba ƙwayar haihuwa zuwa kashi.

Daga cikin nau'ikan beets-guda ɗaya (sha ɗaya), mafi shahara kuma an yi amfani da su don namo gida sune Single-sprouted G-1, Bordeaux-seeded, Virovskaya single-seeded, Rashan-zuriya guda ɗaya, Timiryazev single-seeded. Yawan nau'in gwoza sune tsakiyar kakar, samar da gwagwarmaya. A ɓangaren litattafan almara na kayan lambu tushen m, m. An rarrabe su ta hanyar kyakkyawan tsari mai kyau, adanawa mai tsawo. Amfani da sabo da lokacin girbi hunturu.

Beetroot sprouts. Ool joolie

Yana da mafi dacewa don sayi tsaba gwoza don shuka a cikin kwantena na musamman na kamfanonin shuka. A wannan yanayin, babu buƙatar shirya tsaba don shuka (miya, shinge, kwanon rufi, da sauransu). Lokacin sayen tsaba na gwoza, tabbatar cewa karanta shawarwarin akan kunshin. Wani lokacin tsaba bi da ba sa bukatar pre-soaked. An shuka su kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa mai laima. A wasu halayen, ana shuka ƙwayar cikin rigar ta goge, wanda ke haɓaka seedlings.

Preparationasa shiri

Bayan mun girbe, magabataccen tabbacin zai tsokani seedlingsan seedlings na ciyayi tare da shayarwa tare da hallakaswarsu mai zuwa. Idan rukunin yanar gizon ya cika cikin kwayoyin halitta, to, humus ko takin da ke 2-5 kilogiram a kowace murabba'in kilomita yana warwatse ko'ina. m. yanki na shafin. Don keɓaɓɓen ƙasa acidified sa ruwan lemun tsami 0.5-1.0 kg ta 1 square. takin ma'adinai da ma'adinai - nitroammofosku 50-60 g a kowace murabba'in 1. A maimakon nitroammofoski, zaku iya shirya cakuda tukwane na ma'adinai. Ammin sulfate, superphosphate da potassium chloride, bi da bi, 30, 40 da 15 g / sq. m. Mix, watsa a kusa da wurin kuma tono kamar 15-20 cm. A lokacin bazara, an kwance ƙasa ƙasa da 7-15 cm, saman ya tsage kuma ɗauka da sauƙi. Rolling wajibi ne don zurfin shuka zurfin zurfi.

Shuka lokaci don beetroot

An shuka beets a cikin bazara lokacin da aka mai da ƙasa a cikin Layer na cm 10 zuwa + 10 ° C. Amintaccen shuka a yankuna masu dumin zafi da Arewacin Caucasus, wanda aka aiwatar bayan 15 ga Afrilu. A cikin yankin Volga, sauran yankunan da ba chernozemic da tsakiya, a Kazakhstan - an shuka beets a ƙasa a farkon rabin Mayu. A cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya - a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na Mayu-farkon shekarun Yuni. Kwanan shuka na sama sun fi dacewa da nau'ikan gwoza da wuri. Tsakanin tsakiyar da marigayi gwoza an shuka shi a yankuna masu ɗumi a ƙarshen Mayu. Partangare na wannan amfanin gona an ɗora don ajiyar hunturu.

A cikin Urals da a cikin yankuna na Arewa, galibi beets ba yawanci ake shuka shi a cikin ƙasa ba. A tsakiyar yankin na Rasha, saboda yanayin sauƙin yanayi, yana yiwuwa a yi girma duk nau'in beetroot - daga farkon waɗanda suke da amfanin gona a cikin ripeness na fasaha a tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa sabon iri tare da girbi a watan Satumba da rabin farkon Oktoba. A cikin wadannan yankuna na Rasha, gami da non-chernozem, dasa gwoza hunturu ana amfani dashi sosai (ƙarshen watan Oktoba-farkon Nuwamba, Nuwamba-Disamba) tare da nau'in sanyi mai tsauri wanda ke tsayayya da harbe. Tare da shuka lokacin hunturu, beets suna ɗaukar farkon girbin amfanin gona a ƙarshen Yuni.

Beetroot seedlings. Andrew Quickcrop

Fasaha don shuka shuka na ƙwayar beetroot

Shuka gwoza tsaba a cikin bazara za a iya za'ayi tare da bushe kuma mafi m germinated tsaba. Ana shuka iri a cikin furrows a farfajiya na filin. Germinated tsaba suna sown a cikin ƙasa m. Kusan duk sprouts mutu a cikin busassun ƙasa.

An yanke fari a cikin cm 15-30. Yin shuka akan ƙasa mai nauyi ana yin shi zuwa zurfin 2 cm, akan ƙasa mai haske a cikin abun da ke ciki - 4 cm. Nisa a cikin layi shine 2-3 cm, wanda, yayin thinning, an karu zuwa 7-10 cm, wanda ke tabbatar da samar da daidaitaccen tushe (inci 10 cm) amfanin gona. A kan amfanin gona iri na beets, an haɗa thinning tare da girbi amfanin gona, kuma lokacin shuka tare da albarkatun 'ya'yan itace, ana yin 2 thinning.

Fasaha don dasa beets seedlings

Beetroot seedlings yawanci ana girma a cikin gajeren lokacin bazara, tare da haɓaka ci gaban farko a cikin gidajen kora da greenhouses tare da ƙarin ci gaba a cikin ƙasa. Ana iya noma beets a cikin tutocin dumi, yana rufe 1-2 yadudduka na spandbond daga farkon yanayin sanyi. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin matakansu ko kuma a cikin ƙasa mai shinge a cikin ƙasa 10-12-15 kafin lokacin dasawa a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Shuka talakawa. Don samun ƙarin seedlings, shuka ne da za'ayi a glomeruli. Nisa a cikin layi shine 12-20 cm, ya danganta da iri-iri, kuma tsakanin layuka 30-40 cm. A cikin lokaci na ganye 4-5 (kusan 8 cm a tsayi), ana ɗaukar karɓi, yana barin tsire-tsire 1-2 a cikin gida. Ana dasa tsire-tsire na ruwa a cikin ƙasa ko a cikin peat-humus daban-daban da sauran kwantena don girma, idan ba a kafa yanayin ba. Lokacin juyawa beets, ya zama dole don kula da kashin tsakiyar kamar yadda ya kamata. Lalacewarsa zai jinkirta ci gaban shuka. Lokacin da tsayayyen yanayi yake tashi, ana shuka ƙananan tsire-tsire a buɗe. Humus peat ana shuka shi nan da nan a cikin ƙasa tare da tsire-tsire. Idan tukwane suna iya sake amfani da su, to za'ayi jigilar itace ne ta hanyar magudin ruwa. Ta wannan hanyar, ana samun ɗan ƙaramin amfanin tushen tushen da ba daidai ba (nakasa). Lokacin dasawa, kiyaye waɗannan ƙa'idodi:

dasawa da gwoza seedlings zuwa akai ba fiye da 8 cm ba ga tsawo. Da mazan da seedlings, da karin wadanda ba misali tushen amfanin gona a cikin amfanin gona,
domin hana harba bindiga, ba shi yiwuwa a zurfafa zurfin gwoza a lokacin dasawa,
bar nesa a jere na akalla 12-15 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka don rage shading, har zuwa 25-30-40 cm.

Matasa gwoza ganye. Ren Karen Jackson

Noman fasaha na shuka gwoza

Don shuka lokacin hunturu, hanyar kunya ta dasa ya fi dacewa. Yana bayar da mafi kyawon ƙasa na bazara, kuma, sabili da haka, samun mafi kyawun amfanin gona na farkon amfanin gona da farkon bunch. Ana yin shuka iri-iri na gwoza na hunturu a watan Oktoba Nuwamba-, ko kuma, lokacin da aka kafa ɗakarar sanyaya, ba tare da dawo da kwanakin dumi ba. A saman dogo, ana shuka iri a cikin firam zuwa zurfin 4-6 cm, don kiyayewa daga sanyi kwatsam. Tsaba a cikin furrows yafa masa 1-2 cm tare da ƙasa humus, dan kadan an haɗa shi kuma a saman ƙari kuma an haɗa shi ta hanyar 2-3 cm don rufin.

Kara irin amfanin gona gwoza

Idan lambun karami ne babba, amma kana son samun babban adadin kayan lambu, to za a iya girbe beets a gadaje masu takamaiman, wato, hada albarkatu da yawa akan gado ɗaya. Wannan dabarar tana da kyau musamman a yankuna na kudanci, inda a cikin dogon lokaci zaka iya ɗaukar albarkatu na 2-3 na daban-daban na farkon kayan abinci tun daga gado ɗaya wanda aka haɗa. Za a iya haɓaka amfanin gona na gwoza na bazara a kan gado ɗaya tare da karas, albasa, ganye, radishes, radishes, alayyafo, saladi, gami da kabeji, ganye, kayan ruwa. A lokacin da girbi farkon beets a farkon shekarun Yuli, zaku iya mamaye yankin da ke ɓoye ta hanyar maimaita albasa da albasarta akan ganye, radishes, letas, Dill. Bayan mun girbe ganye, zaku iya shuka Peas ko wasu albarkatu kamar ciyawar kore.

Beetroot. Cha rachael gander

Kulawar Gwoza

Kula da beetroot shine:

a cikin kiyaye shafin tsabta na ciyayi, musamman a farkon lokacin fitowar su (har sai bayyanar farkon nau'i biyu na ganye). A wannan lokacin, beets suna haɓakawa a hankali kuma kar ku yi haƙuri da clogging;
a cikin kulawa da jerin layi-kyauta daga ɓoyayyen ƙasa, don tabbatar da musayar gas;
ciyarwa na lokaci;
rike ingantaccen danshi shafin.

Beets fara shuka a cikin zafin jiki na + 8 ... + 10 ° C da + 5 ... + 7 ° C a cikin yanayin. Koyaya, harbe a wannan zafin jiki ya bayyana ya zuwa ƙarshen kuma yana da wahala sosai. Ana tsammanin mafi yawan zafin jiki na iska shine + 19 ... + 22 ° С. Otsan buɗe ido suna bayyana a ranar 5-8th kuma a rana ta 10-12 na al'ada al'adar shiga cikin cokali mai yatsa. A cikin kwanaki 10 na gaba akwai ci gaba mai ƙarfi na ɓangaren sararin samaniya na al'adun (kayan aikin ganye), sannan ci gaban tushen amfanin gona ya fara.

Kasa kwance

Ana fitar da loosening na farko a cikin kwanaki 4-5 bayan tsiro. Ana aiwatar da shimfidawa a hankali, a hankali zurfafa zurfin da aka kula da shi daga 2-4 zuwa 6-8 cm. senayar ƙasa a cikin hanyoyin, a cikin ɓangaren tudun, gefen bangarorin bayan ruwa da ruwan sama. Halakar da ɗan lokaci na yara ƙuruciya suna ɗan raunana tsirran tsirrai da samar da amfanin gona tare da ingantaccen yanayi don ci gaba da bunƙasa. Ana dakatar da farawa bayan ganye a rufe.

A gado tare da beets. © aaron_01m

Babban beets

Thinning ne da za'ayi lokacin da shuka beets tare da takin gargajiya (glomeruli). Daga tsire-tsire masu haɓaka seedlings 3-5. Varietiesungiyoyi iri-iri, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba sa buƙatar thinning, sai dai idan an ba da girbi a cikin burodin. Thinning ne yake yi a cikin hadari yanayin bayan na farko ruwa. Zai fi sauƙi a fitar da shuka daga ƙasa mai laushi ba tare da lalata maƙwabta ba. Thetsning beets ne da za'ayi sau biyu.

Lokaci na farko ana aiwatar da nasara tare da haɓaka ganye na 1-2, cire mafi rauni da tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin ci gaba. Girman 3-4 cm ya ragu tsakanin tsirrai .. Gwoza ba ta da nasaba da mafi girma. Lokacin da thinning nau'ikan iri-iri na shuka iri, 1-2 ya ragu a wuri. A wannan yanayin, ana aiwatar da thinning a cikin lokaci na ganyayyaki 2-3. Ana amfani da tsire-tsire masu tsalle kamar seedlings, dasa shuki tsire tare da gefuna ko kuma a bangarorin manyan dogo.

Ana yin murfin na biyu, tare da haɓakar ganye 4-5. A wannan lokacin, beets sun riga sun kafa tushen 3-5 cm. A cikin bakin ciki na biyu, an cire mafi tsayi, tsire-tsire masu tasowa. Sun isa bunch sosai kuma ana amfani dasu azaman abinci. A lokaci guda, ana kula da yanayin tsirrai kuma a lokaci guda ana cutar da tsire-tsire masu lanƙwasa. Nisa a jere don cigaban al'ada na amfanin gona shine 6 - 8-10 cm.

Gwoza saman miya

A lokacin girma, aƙalla manyan riguna biyu na nau'ikan tsakiyar da na bears ana yin su. Abubuwan beets na farkon, tare da kyawawan kayan kaka da takin zamani, yawanci basa ciyar da su. Zai yi wuya ga yan lambu, musamman masu farawa, don kirga yawan adadin takin. Al'adar galibi tana birgewa, kuma tana da ikon tara nitrites, wanda ke ƙayyade carcinogenicity na al'ada da nitrates.

Ana yin suturar farko ta farko bayan ta fari ko kuma dasa tushen bishiyoyi. Kuna iya ciyar da nitroammophos - 30 g square. m ko cakuda tukwane na ma'adinai a farashin 5-7 g / sq. m daidai da sodium nitrate, superphosphate da potassium chloride.

A kan kasa mai rauni, yana da kyau a aiwatar da miya ta farko tare da maganin mullein ko droppings tsuntsu a cikin rabo na 1 part mullein zuwa sassa 10, kuma tsarukan tsuntsaye zuwa sassan 12 na ruwa. 5 g na urea za'a iya karawa zuwa maganin. Yi bayani a nesa na 6-10 cm daga jere na beets a cikin furrow 3-4 cm. Yi amfani da guga na bayani a tsawan mita 10. Watering ne da za'ayi daga watering iya kusa da kasar gona, yadda kada su ƙona ganye. Bayan yin mafita, an rufe shi da dunƙule na ƙasa, an shayar da shi da mulched.Ciyar da kwayoyin kwayoyin ruwa ana aiwatar da su ne kawai a farkon lokacin ci gaban beets. Daga baya, ba shi da lokacin da zai juyar da ma'adinin a cikin tsari, tsirrai suna tara nitrates a cikin amfanin gona. Alamar farko ta tarin nitrates da nitrites a cikin tushen amfanin gona yayin overfeeding tare da nitrogen shine bayyanar voids a cikin tushen amfanin gona.

Ana aiwatar da suturar gwoza ta biyu a cikin kwanaki 15-20 ko bayan farin ciki na biyu. Don ciyarwa, ana amfani da superphosphate da kalimagnesia ko potassium chloride a cikin adadin 8-10 g / sq. m (1 teaspoon tare da saman). Ana iya maye gurbin mai mai tare da ash na itace, yana kashe 200 g kowace murabba'i. m yanki, tare da patching a cikin ƙasa na 5-8 cm Layer.

Miya saman Foliar

Mafi kyawun takin mai magani na boron, jan ƙarfe da molybdenum ana iya amfani dasu a cikin nau'ikan riguna na saman foliar ta hanyar fesa ruwa. Sama da ƙasa taro. Zaka iya siyan cakuda takaddun takin zamani na takin zamani ko kuma maye gurbin shi da jiko na ash.

A lokaci na ganye 4-5, yana da kyau a fesa beets tare da maganin boric acid. Narke 2 g na boric acid a cikin ruwan zafi da tsarma a cikin 10 l na ruwa. Wannan dabara zai kare tushen gwoza daga albarkatun zuciya. Shirye-shiryen da aka gama na gina jiki an gauraya shi bisa ga shawarar kuma ana bi da tsire-tsire.

Idan babu takin zamani na takin zamani na abinci mai gina jiki, za'a iya maye gurbinsu da nasarar itacen ash. Jiko na ash na iya aiwatar da miya 2 na saman foliar: a cikin lokacin 4-5 ganye kuma a cikin lokaci na ci gaban aiki na amfanin gona (Agusta). Jiko na 200 g ta 10 l na ruwa kafin a fesa spraying dole ne a tace shi.

Kimanin kwanaki 25-30 kafin girbin beets, yana da kyau a yayyafa tsire tare da maganin maganin takin zamani, wanda zai kara ingancin kiyaye su.

Kuna son beets su zama masu dadi? Karka manta da gishirin shi da tebur mai gishiri. Tsarma 40 g (2 tablespoons ba tare da saman) ba gishiri mai iodized a cikin lita 10 na ruwa da kuma zub da beets, yana amfani da guga na bayani a kowace murabba'in mita. m na ƙasar yankin. Don rage adadin manyan riguna, hada gishiri gishirin tare da maganin abubuwan ganowa, sannan a fesa a watan Yuni da farkon watan Agusta.

Watsa beets

Ana samun ingantaccen tushen amfanin gona tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai narkewa tare da shayarwa na yau da kullun, musamman a yankuna m Na farko watering ne da za'ayi tare da taro harbe. Ruwa da al'adar sau 3-4 a wata. A lokacin da m ci gaban tushen amfanin gona, watering ne mafi m. Alamar farko ta jinkirta tare da shayarwa shine bushewar ganye na gwoza. Beets suna matukar son ganye da ruwa. Al'adar bata yarda da hauhawar yanayin kasa ba. Daga overheating, akai mulching wajibi ne har sai ganye ya rufe. Ana dakatar da shayar da makonni 3-4 kafin girbi.

Kariya na beets daga cututtuka da kwari

Mafi yawan hatsarin cututtukan beets sune fungal da lalacewar ƙwayar cuta ga tsarin tushe da amfanin gona mai lalacewa. Cutar ana cutar da cutar yawanci ta raunana tsirrai da lalata kayan amfanin gona da asalinsu. Yaƙin da ake yi da rot (fusarium, launin ruwan kasa, bushe) yana rikitarwa ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa ana amfani da gabobin tsire-tsire azaman abinci - amfanin gona, tushen shuki, petioles, ganye. Don haka ba a amfani da kayan aikin kariya na sunadarai ba. Ana gudanar da yaƙin ne ta hanyar matakan agrotechnical da kuma sarrafa samfuran samfuran halitta.

Za'ayi shuka ne kawai tare da zuriya mai kyau tare da bi da tsire-tsire. Zai fi kyau mu sayi kayan da aka shirya da kuma shirye don shuka kayan shuka.
Ana cire duk amfanin gona da ciyawa daga filin, wanda akeyin fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran hanyoyin cututtuka na hunturu.
Lokaci na lemun tsami acidified ƙasa, samar da yanayi na al'ada don ci gaban al'adu.
Suna lura da yanayin al'adun kullun kuma suna cire tsire-tsire masu cuta daga filin.
Suna ba da al'adu ba wai kawai macro- amma kuma tare da microelements waɗanda ke kare tsirrai daga cututtuka.

Daga cikin samfuran halitta da ake amfani da su don magance cuta, ana amfani da planriz zuwa ƙasa, kuma phytosporin, betaprotectin, phyto-doctor, da agrophil ana amfani da su don magance cututtukan sassan sassan iska.

Yawancin kwari da aka fi sani da beetroot sune ganye da tushen aphids, beetroot da kwari na hakar ma'adinai, garken beetroot, ƙungiyar beetroot, da sauransu Daga cikin samfuran halitta na kwari da kwari, bitoxibacillin, dendrobacillin, entobacterin, lepidocide, da sauransu ana amfani da su.

Haɓakar kayan samfuran halitta, allurai da lokacin amfani dasu akan kunshin ko rakiyar shawarwarin. Za'a iya amfani da samfuran halitta a cikin gaurayawan tanki, bayan gwajin farko don dacewa. Duk da amincin su lokacin sarrafa tsire-tsire tare da samfuran halitta, dole ne a kiyaye matakan kariya na mutum. Yi hankali! Abubuwan ƙirar halitta suna iya haifar da rashin lafiyan ƙwayar cuta (siffofin turɓaya ne mafi yawan tsire-tsire).

Beetroot. Bart Phil Bartle

Girkin Gwoza

Tushen tushen dole ne a girbe kafin farkon sanyi (ƙarshen Satumba - farkon rabin Oktoba). Gwoza girbi yana farawa lokacin da ganye ya fita. Tushen daskararren amfanin gona ana adana talauci kuma cikin ɗakunan ajiya ke lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa ta fungal da sauran cututtuka. Bayan an girbe, an girbe amfanin tushen, a keɓe ingantattun masu lafiya. Yanke fi, barin hemp har zuwa cm 1. Tushen tushen amfanin gona masu lafiya suna bushe kuma an sa su domin ajiya. Zafin ajiya shine + 2 ... + 3 ° C. Hanyar adanawa sun bambanta: a cikin kwalaye tare da yashi, sawdust, peat bushe; a cikin jaka filastik, a cikin babban, da sauransu.