Karnariyar fure ne na ornamental daga iyalin Asteraceae. A cikin yanayin, yana faruwa shuɗi, ruwan hoda, shunayya, ja, fari, burgundy da rawaya. Yana girma cikin kunnuwan alkama a gona. Furannin furanni, kamar yadda aka gani a hoto, suna kama da dusar kankara mai haske. Suna ƙara zama sananne. Furannin ana shuka su cikin furanni da dabbobin gida. Hoton tabbaci ne na wannan.
Kwaya masara mai shuɗi ya shahara da ake kira gashi. Wannan tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara, na iya isa tsayinsa har zuwa cm 80. A kan kara, ko da yaushe akwai terry ko rabin budada sau biyu zuwa 5 cm a diamita. Yana fure daga tsakiyar Yuni zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
Wannan fure ya bazu cikin Asiya, Amurka da kuma musamman a Turai. Kuna iya haduwa da shi a Arewacin Afirka. Masana kimiyya suna da nau'in 500 na wannan shuka, suna bambanta cikin siffar gefuna furen da kwanduna na inflorescences. Suna da sikeli da sifa kamar yadda aka gani a hoto.
Iri-furannin furanni
Abubuwan da ake nema masu zuwa suna da yawan buƙatu:
- Dutsen masarar dutsen. Perennial, kai mai tsawo na 40 cm, tare da furanni shuɗi masu launin shuɗi a watan Yuni-Yuli.
- Albarkacin masara. An ba da sunan ne saboda sabon launi na ganyayyaki (whitish-pubescent da ke ƙasa). A tsayi, zai iya yin girma har zuwa cm 80. Furanni masu launin shuɗi masu haske a launi, tare da farar cibiyar.
- Manyan masarar da ke daure kai (a hoto) suna da furanni masu kama da rawaya da manyan furanni zuwa 80 cm tsayi, kamar yadda aka gani a hoto.
- Kyawawan masara. Tana da ganyayyaki masu cirus-fure da furanni masu launin shuɗi-mai-haske, mai sihiri mai sihiri kuma ya kai girman 20 cm.
- Furen masara da aka yi niƙa (hoto) yana da launi mai launin shuɗi, kuma yana iya kaiwa tsawon mita 1.
Kuna iya sha'awar shuka a cikin hotunan furanni. Kayan fure suna da kyan gani.
Shuka a cikin magungunan jama'a
Wannan inji shuka ne. Furancinta sun ƙunshi flavonoids, dyes, ascorbic acid da carotene. Mafi ingancin kayan ado da infusions na shuka.
Furen yana dauke da kyakkyawan diuretic, anti-mai kumburi, choleretic da sakamako analgesic.
Ana ɗaukar abin ƙyalli don cututtukan zuciya, ciwon kai da ciwon ciki.
Ana amfani da wanka da keɓaɓɓen wannan shuka don cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa, eczema, rheumatism, diathesis, zawo, zazzaɓi da fari.
Amma waɗannan furanni, kamar sauran tsire-tsire, suna da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana buƙatar amfani dashi bayan tattaunawa tare da likita kuma kawai a cikin hadaddun far.
Aikace-aikace a cikin kayan kwalliya
Kayan warkarwa na shuka zai iya shafi fata mai laushi, tare da iyakar tsagewa da faduwar gashi, don maganin cutar seborrhea. Don wannan, ana amfani da jiko na furanni shuka. Zasu iya shafa bayansu bayan sunyi wanka ko shafa a cikin fatar.
Tincture na furanni akan vodka an bada shawarar shafa fata mai launin fata tare da auduga. Amma yana da kyau a tsarma tincture da ruwa (1: 1).
Alkama mai girma
Wajibi ne a girma furanni a gonar a wurare na bude rana. Idan an yi dasa shuki tare da wasu tsire-tsire, ana dasa furannin masara a cikin layi na gaba domin su sami isasshen haske.
Yi ado yankin tare da kananan rukunin Rolls. Tsuntsayen su masu tsayi suna da girma a kusa da shishiyoyi. Furanni ba kawai ado bane, amma suna kare ƙasa daga lalacewa.
Karnukan masara suna yin fure don yin ado da gadaje na fure. Wannan ya nuna hoto sosai.
Akan furannin fure, yayi kama da inganci tare da perennials poppy da calendula. Sukan yi fure a wani lokaci, suna samar da makiyaya ta asali. Don tsaunukan tsaunukan ya zama dole don amfani da nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu ƙananan tsiro.
Makwabta na kusa da gyada na masara
Kayan fure ba dadi ba haɗe shi da tsire-tsire masu zuwa:
- blue aquilegia;
- wata cibiyar;
- azurfa-shuɗi mai ruwan shuɗi
- Fassen's catnip.
Ana girma a shekara a cikin akwatunan baranda kuma a cikin tukwane a kan taga a waje.
Shuka tsaba a watan Afrilu-Mayu. Soilasa ta zama mai arziki a cikin humus tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. An haɗa yashi a cikin ƙasa da laka. A cikin ƙasa mai acidic, ya kamata a ƙara kara lemun tsami (1 cm Layer) sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3 kuma kawai kaka.
Don furanni masu yawa, ana iya yin miya kafin a fara fure.
Dasa furannin masara na shekara
An girka dabbobi ne a buɗe a cikin bazara ko kaka. Ba a buƙatar juyawa saboda yana da talauci mai haƙuri.
Idan ana buƙatar seedlings, to, ya kamata a girma a cikin allunan peat. Dasa kuma wajibi ne a cikin ƙasa a buɗe a ƙarshen Mayu.
Otsan buɗe ido suna buƙatar buƙatar thinned fita, suna barin nesa tsakanin furanni har zuwa 30 cm.
Yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba tushen
Ana amfani da irin wannan kiwo don dasa perennials. A watan Agusta, dole ne a haƙa furanni, an yanke tushe, a bar 10 cm kawai tsayi. Kyautar da tushen daga ƙasa, wanke da kuma yanke zuwa sassa 2. Kowane sashi ya kamata yana da kodan 2-3.
Delenki dasa a cikin rijiyoyin da aka shuka. Ruwa da seedlings sau 3 a cikin mako. Amma ƙasar don ban ruwa ya kamata a bushe dan kadan. Ta gaba bazara da furanni za su riga Bloom profusely.
Idan kuna buƙatar tsaba, to kuna buƙatar jira har sai furannin suna kan inflorescence, kuma cibiyarta tayi duhu. Hoto inflorescences bukata ci gaba da makonni 3 a cikin bushe. To, girgiza tsaba daga kai kuma adana a cikin jakar takarda a zazzabi a dakin.
Ikon cutar
Daga cikin cututtukan, za a iya fuskantar hatsarin masara tare da fusarium wilting. Wannan cuta cutar fungal ce. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar aiki ba kawai shuka kanta ba, har ma da ƙasa. Isasa ta yayyafa ta da toshiya, ta haɗa tare da rauni jiko na taki ko baseazole.
