Kyakkyawan haske shine ɗayan mahimman yanayi don ci gaban tsirrai. Wadanda suka girma seedlings don bude ƙasa ko kuma suna tsunduma cikin gida sun san cewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin rashin haske, seedlings na iya yin rashin lafiya, mai tushe suna zama da sauri. Amma a zahiri, kawai seedlings mai ƙarfi da ingantaccen ƙwayar cuta na iya ɗaukar tushe a cikin ƙasa bude, girma da kawo albarkatu. Phytolamps sun sami damar magance wannan matsalar, babban abu shine a zabi na'urar da ta dace.
A takaice game da phytolamps
Yawancin lokaci, duk aiki tare da tsire-tsire sun faɗi akan lokacin da sa'o'in hasken rana har yanzu suna ɗan gajere. A cikin ƙananan haske, seedlings ba su da lafiya, photosynthesis yana da ɗan jinkiri, kuma adadin da ake buƙata na biomass ba ya ƙaruwa. Abin da ya sa nuna alama yana da amfani ga shuka. Amma kada kuyi amfani da kwararan fitila na yau da kullun don wannan. Ba za su iya ba da bakan da ya kamata ba fitarwa kawai 5% na haske, ragowar kashi 95% yana zuwa samar da zafi. A sakamakon haka, tsiro zai sami ƙone ganye kawai.
Cikakken sifa na samar da hasken rana, wanda ya kunshi raƙuman launuka daban-daban da tsayi. An tsara na'urori na musamman da yawa "Fitosvet" don ƙirƙirar don seedlings cikakkiyar kewayon, kusa da na halitta. Wannan shi ne zazzabi mai launi da aka auna a cikin kelvins (K), wanda ya bambanta daga 2000 K (inuwa mai ɗumi) zuwa 8000 K (inuwa mai sanyi).
Dukkan bangarorin da suke rawar gani shafi tsire-tsire daban:
Dukansu suna ba da gudummawa ga samar da chlorophyll, wanda yake mahimmanci ga haɓakar haɓakar seedlings;- Ultraviolet a cikin adadin matsakaici, an haɗa shi a cikin ɓangaren ganuwa na bakan, yana yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi;
- Red yana haɓaka ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, inganta ciyayi da fure, yana taimaka haɓaka mai tushe. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani dashi don samfuran manya waɗanda ke buƙatar karin haske don kammala lokacin girma;
- Blue and purple taimako kwayar halitta girma, tushen samuwar. Su ne mafi kyau duka na shuka.
Dukansu suna ba da gudummawa ga samar da chlorophyll, wanda yake mahimmanci ga haɓakar haɓakar seedlings;Lokacin sayen phytolamp, yana da mahimmanci a sani girma dokoki ga kowane amfanin gona. Ya dogara da karfin wutar da na'urar ke buƙata. Bayan haka, bukatun dukkanin tsire-tsire sun bambanta: ɗayan yana buƙatar samar da sa'o'in hasken rana, ɗayan gajere. Akwai nau'ikan da ke yin hutu na ɗan lokaci, yayin da wasu ke buƙatar ƙarin haske don samuwar kodan.
Yana da daraja la'akari da ɗaukar hoto na seedlings, wato, halayenta ga kusurwar abin da ya faru da haske. Mafi kyawun shugabanci daga sama yake - to ba za ta buƙatar canza matsayin ganyayyaki ba, kuma hasken wutar zai zama uniform.
Ta hanyar yin amfani da phytolamps, ana iya sanya kwantena tare da seedlings a kowane wuri da ya dace. Ko da inda babu hasken halitta. A irin waɗannan halayen, ana yawan kunna na'urar a kowane lokaci, sannan a rage lokaci a hankali har zuwa 14-16 hours. Na'urorin "Fitosvet" sun dace da tsirrai na cikin gida, ana amfani da su a cikin gidajen kora da lambuna na hunturu, yanayin cikin gida.
Ofan abubuwa iri-iri
Akwai na’urar fitilun wuta da na’urar LED. Abubuwan da aka tsara na haske game da hasken fitilar "Fitosvet-D" an samar da su ta hanyar abubuwan LED. Ya dace ba kawai don seedlings na fure ko kayan lambu ba. Zai haifar da yanayi mai kyau don tsirrai. Lokacin amfani da sha'ir da alkama ya fito, abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwa irin su bitamin E, sunadarai da carotenoids. Da yawa suna yin abincin dabbobi a ƙarƙashinsu. Ko ganye, wanda ke tsiro da kyau a gida a cikin kaka da kuma hunturu, haskaka shi da phytolamp.
Yawan yin amfani da zane yana da fadi sosai. Yana da mahimmanci a sanya shi a cikin ƙananan gidajen katako a cikin ƙasar da kuma cikin gonaki. Akwai daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma karfin wutar lantarki. Don yin amfani da cikin gida, 24, 48, 72 W fitattu sun dace, kuma don shinge masana'antu na masana'antu har zuwa 300 W ana ba su. Bugu da kari, na'urar tana dauke da yanayin aiki mai tsawo.
A cikin na'urorin LED a hade biyu a jere: shudi da ja. Kuna iya gyara zazzabi hasken, la'akari da bukatun shuka, wanda ke canzawa yayin da yake girma. Kafin su yi ruwa, suna buƙatar haɗuwa da launuka masu sanyi da dumi a cikin rabo 2: 1. Turanci mai launin shuɗi yana rinjayar tushen haɓaka, baya yarda harbe ya shimfiɗa, saboda abin da mai ƙarfi yake da ƙarfi.
Bayan nutsewa, 'ya'yan itacen suna fuskantar damuwa na wani lokaci. Zai fi kyau ka rage hasken baya kadan ka basu hutawa. Bayan haka, an rarraba shuɗar shuɗi da ja a cikin rabo na 1: 1. Abubuwan da ke tattare da na'urar LED "Fitosvet" sun hada da:
- Babban inganci da rage karfin kuzari;
- Tsaron wuta, ƙarfi;
- Sauki don shigar, da kuma karamin aiki;
- Ba ya ƙunshi Mercury;
- Ba ya bushe iska a cikin greenhouse.
Na'urar kusan ba ta zafi, wanda ke nufin ana iya sanya shi a kusa da shuka ba tare da tsoron ƙone ganye da dumama ƙasa ba. Zai dace don amfani dashi don shinge tare da seedlings.
Fitilar LED ba ta tsoron karyewar wutar lantarki kuma suna da hasken shugabanci, ba ta watsarwa kuma tana mai da hankali ne akan tsirrai. Thisarfafa wannan sakamako zai taimaka Alamar karfe. Lokacin amfani dashi a cikin wani gida, yana rage haɗarin ciwon kai da fushin ido wanda ya tashi daga jigon haske na sabon abu.
Intensarfin wutar yana da mahimmanci, yana dogara da wutar fitilar. Don "Fitosvet" mafi ƙarancin alama shine 24 watts, matsakaicin shine watts 96 watts. Akwai samfura tare da ingantaccen iko. Hakanan yana tasiri nesa tsakanin fitilar da shuka. Chains don dakatarwa yana ba ku damar daidaita matakan da ake so. Maganin aluminibi yana watsa zafi, saboda haka bai kamata a rufe shi da mayafi ko wani abu ba.
Fasali na na'urar "Fitosvet-L"
Fitilar "Fitosvet L" na'urar ne tare da LFU-30 mai kyalli 30 watts. Hanyar farawa na'urar ita ce fadada ta lantarki, saboda wanda aka rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki, rayuwar sabis ɗin tsarin yana ƙaruwa, kuma ana samar da kwararar haske mai yawa. Ana iya haɓaka shi da taimakon masu tunani.
Irin wannan hasken yana nuna kyau a cikin samuwar microelements masu amfani, bitamin a cikin kayan lambu, ganyayyaki da ginin taro mai girma. Yana inganta a farkon flowering na seedlings na amfanin gona na ado. Hakanan ana amfani dashi a cikin biocoplexes na microclones na shuka da karbuwarsu a cikin greenhouse.
Don haka, "Fitosvet L":
- Sizearamin girma;
- Ta fuskar tattalin arziki;
- Babu lafiya.
Na'urar ta dace sosai a matsayin babbar hanyar samar da haske ga ofan shuka na letas, faski, seleri, albasarta kore. Amma an zartar dashi azaman karin haske. Tare da taimakonsa, zaku iya samun amfanin gona sau da yawa a shekara, kuna tabbatar da ciyayi na shekara-shekara na amfanin gona da yawa. Kuma don wannan, nuna alama kawai ya isa ban da bakancin halitta. Sabili da haka, don yawan tsire-tsire masu yawa, yin amfani da na'urar yana da tsada.
"Phytosvet L" an sayar da shi a cikin tsari wanda aka gama tare da fitilun LFU da sarƙoƙi don dakatarwa. Wace hanya ce mafi kyau don sanya ta akan maya? Yana da kyau a kunna fitilar 10 cm gaba daga gefen ta, saboda haka za a rarraba hasken daidai. Nisa don samfurori marasa tushe daga fitila zuwa matakin tarawa kusan 20 cm, ga tsayi ─30 cm.
Karka bar na'urar a koyaushe, yana da kyau na iya cutar da tsirrai. Bayan duk, suna buƙatar haske da inuwa a wasu ma'auni don ci gaba. An adana samfuran ƙauna na inuwa daga waɗanda suke ƙaunar hasken, don kowa ya sami daidai abin da suke buƙata. An zaɓi lamba da ikon fitilun bisa tsari ɗaya na bukatun amfanin gona.
Anan akwai wasu misalai na ƙididdigar haske don al'adu daban-daban. Ita ce auna a cikin suites (lx):
- Pepper ─3000─4000 lx;
- Citrus ─6000─8000 lx (buƙatar guda ɗaya na wardi);
- Pomegranate ─ 4000─ 6000 lux.
Fitila a cikin greenhouse
Don namo mai gamsarwa a cikin takaddun rarar amfanin gona tare da buƙatu daban-daban, yana da mahimmanci don shirya layuka ko matakan daidai. Misali, tumatir, letas, faski an fi shuka su a wurare daban-daban. Adana sarari a cikin gidan shinkafa shima dacewa.
Ya kamata a haɗe shi da yanayin shayarwa da haske a cikin lokaci. Hakanan buƙatar dama lissafta yawan abubuwan gyara. Ana buƙatar sigogi don wannan:
- Tsayi da nau'in greenhouse;
- Matsayi gadaje;
- Powerarfi da tsawon fitilar.
Tsarin hasken haske daidai zai tabbatar mafi kyau duka hasken wuta. Yawancin lokaci, ana ba da tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik tare da phytolamp. Shigowar masu tunani akan na'urorin kansu ko kuma wani haske a gefe a jikin bangon greenhouse yana sa aikin su ya fi inganci.
Babban matakin danshi na na'urar yana ba shi damar aiki lafiya tare da tsarin ban ruwa. Shigar ciki tare da fitilar Fitosvet ko da sa'o'i da yawa a rana yana ba ku damar samun amfanin gona 2-3 makonni a baya.
Ta hanyar samar da tsirrai ne kawai tare da yanayin zama mai kyau, zaku iya samun girbi mai kyau ko fure mai yawa. A saboda wannan ya cancanci ƙoƙari, kuma fitilar dumu-dumu "Fitosvet" zai zama kyakkyawan mataimaki a wannan batun.
