Tsire-tsire na Legume sun sami sunan su daga kalmar Latin "Lupus", wanda ke nufin "ƙyarkeci", don ikon da shuka yake da shi don yalwata abinci mai gina jiki daga ƙasa. Lupine mai kyau ne wanda yake tara tarin ƙwayoyin nitrogen. A matsayin shuka na ornamental, ana amfani da lupins tun zamanin da.
Rol Banana mai sintiri
LupineHarshen LatinLupinus.
Halittar yana da kusan nau'ikan 200 wanda 'yan asalin Arewacin Amurka da Rum ne.
Annual, biennial da perennial rhizome herbaceous shuke-shuke, m sau da yawa - shrubs.
Ganyen yana da dabino, a kan doya mai tsayi, wanda aka tattara cikin kayan daskararre; kara - an shirya su a tsari na gaba. Furanni a cikin rigakafin inflorescences, fari, rawaya, shuɗi, violet, ruwan hoda, cream, carmine, ja, purple. 'Ya'yan itacen wake ne. Ya danganta da nau'in, adadin tsaba a cikin 1 g yana daga 8 zuwa 180.
Banbancin perennials yana da girma sosai kuma yana da wuya a zaɓi wani al'ada. Yawancin masu girbi na fure, musamman masu farawa, suna son tsire-tsire don yin tsayi da tsayi, farantawa ido tare da launuka masu haske kuma, zai fi dacewa, basa buƙatar kulawa da yawa. Lupine yana nuna daidai ga irin waɗannan tsire-tsire, amma masu girbi na fure, a matsayin mai mulkin, sun fi nuna damuwa da shi. A bayyane yake, wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa galibi suna girma da siffofin da suke kama da launi zuwa inflorescences zuwa daji, nau'in asali. Anyi amfani da mu gaskiyar cewa lupine yana da shuɗi, kuma a mafi kyau shuɗi tare da fari ko ruwan hoda. A zahiri, akwai siffofin lambu masu ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin lupins.
Rst Carsten Niehaus
Girma
Wuri: inji ya fi son wuraren rana.
Kasar: lupins suna ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, suna girma da kyau a kowane lambu, amma sami ci gaba mai kyau akan loamy dan kadan acidic ko ƙasa mai narkewa. A kan alkaline (pH mafi girma daga 7.5) ganye juya launin rawaya (chlorosis). Acidasa mai yawan acidic dole ne ta zama mai iyakancewa (mai nuna kai tsaye na babban acidity na ƙasa shine gaban horsetail da coltsfoot akan shafin). A saboda wannan, dolomite ko gari mai lemun tsami na niƙa mai kyau a cikin nauyin 5 kilogiram a 1 m2 ya dace. Wannan adadin ya isa shekaru da yawa, saboda haka ana yin liming sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3-4 - a cikin kaka bayan girbi, a lokacin bazara ta tururi, a lokacin bazara kafin digging ko a cikin hunturu a dusar ƙanƙara. Peat (5 kg / m2) yakamata a ƙara shi a cikin ƙasa na alkaline. Lupine kuma yana girma a cikin yashi, kamar yadda nodules ke haɓaka daga tushen sa, wanda ƙwayoyin da ke gyara nitrogen suna tara nitrogen. Saboda haka, inji na iya yin ba tare da takin nitrogen ba.
Kulawa: a shekara ta farko, ƙasa tana lokaci-lokaci kwance kuma an cire ciyayi. A cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, ana ciyar da su da takin mai ma'adinai: 10-20 g na superphosphate da 5 g na potassium chloride ana ƙara su da 1 m2. A cikin tsoffin samfurori, tushen wuya yana tashi sama da ƙasa ƙasa da santimita da yawa, ɓangaren tsakiyar daji ya mutu a hankali, kuma ɓangarorin gefe suna rarrabu. Don kiyaye kwalliya da tsawaita rayuwa, ana shuka tsire-tsire, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban tushen gewaye. Koyaya, samfuran da suka girmi shekaru hudu ana yawanci ana maye gurbinsu, tunda furanni yana rauni. Lupine yana haƙuri da sanyi zuwa ɗan mintuna 8 ° C, amma canjin yanayi mai ƙarfi a cikin bazara da damina yana lalata shi. Don tsawanta fure har zuwa maraice, an yanke inflorescences bushe har sai an samar da tsaba. Sabbin harbe-harben suna girma a cikin tsirrai da inflorescences an kafa su, wanda yayi fure a watan Agusta. Yanke wilted inflorescences a kai a kai. Bai kamata a sake dasa tsoffin bushes ba. A wuraren da iska ke busawa, dole ne a sanya lupins a cikin goyon baya don kada su fashe. Ana buƙatar tallafin ga tsire-tsire yayin lokacin furanni. Kuna iya ɗaura shinge tare da igiya ko yin ƙirar waya a cikin nau'ikan madaukai da yawa. Tsarin bishiyar yana buƙatar tsari don hunturu.
Miya.m
Kiwo
Yaduwa da tsaba da kuma ciyayi. Don seedlings, tsaba an fi shuka a farkon bazara a cikin kwalaye, ko jakuna na madara a cikin cakuda da aka saba don amfanin gona na fure: peat, turf ƙasar, yashi (1: 1: 0.5). Ya kamata substrate ɗin ya zama mai isasshen ruwa domin kada ruwa ya ɓaci. Shayar sparingly. Kafin shuka, ana ba da shawarar cewa a haɗu da tsaba tare da ƙwayoyin nodules waɗanda aka samo daga tushen tsoffin tsirrai don haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na nitrogen. Bayan kwanaki 8-17, seedlings sun bayyana, amma, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba a lokaci guda ba (don germination na abokantaka kafin shuka, an rufe su da m gauze kuma a sa su a cikin wani wuri mai dumi har sai sun ciji). Bayan kwanaki 20-30, lokacin da ganye na 5-6 na gaskiya suka bayyana, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin wani wuri mai ɗorewa a cikin gadaje na fure a nesa na 30-50 cm daga juna. A bu mai kyau kada a makara tare da wannan, kamar yadda matasa tsire-tsire yi haƙuri dasawa mafi kyau. Kuna iya shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a watan Afrilu, da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, duk da haka, wurin da lupins ya kamata ya kasance a cikin shiri. Tsire-tsire za su yi fure a shekara mai zuwa a farkon watan Mayu. Hanya mafi kyau don shuka tsaba shine lokacin hunturu a ƙarshen Oktoba - farkon watan Nuwamba, bayan daskarewa ta farko. Zurfin sakawa shine 2 cm. Manyan albarkatu suna yayyafa su da karamin peat. A cikin bazara, bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, tsaba suna girma tare, kuma tsire-tsire suna girma a watan Agusta na shekarar guda.
Lokacin da yaduwar iri ba koyaushe take gadon launin furanni ba, don adana shi, ya zuwa yaduwar ciyayi. Rarraba tsoffin bushes a cikin nau'in perennial an fara shi a cikin lokuta na musamman, tunda suna da tsarin tushen sanda wanda ke shiga zurfin ƙasa. Upan itacen lupine na shekara uku da huɗu sauƙin kafa rosettes, don haka a lokacin rani ana yaɗa su da rarrabuwa. Yara matasa kawai ke yin haƙuri da dasawa.
A cikin bazara, ana ɗaukar rosettes akan ganyen, wanda ke haɓaka daga buds a gindi daga tushe; kuma a lokacin rani - a kaikaice harbe kafa a cikin axils na ganye. Sabunta wuraren da aka kafa a tushe daga tushe an yanke shi da wuka mai kaifi tare da wani yanki na tushen wuyansa kuma aka dasa shi a cikin yashi a cikin yanki mai inuwa. Wannan zai fi kyau bayan an gama fure. Bayan kwanaki 20-30, Tushen ya bayyana a kan itace kuma ana iya shuka tsire-tsire a cikin dindindin. Matasa tsirrai na iya yin fure a cikin wannan shekarar.
Ry JerryFriedman
Dabbobi
Farin Lupine - Lupinus album
Gida na - Bahar Rum. Jirgin jirgi mai tsayi har zuwa 1m babba da tsayi 75cm. Kara matsakaici Five ganye raba pubescent ganye. Furannin furanni da aka tara cikin amfanuwa kai tsaye.
Lupin Tree - Lupinus arboreus
Gida - Arewacin Amurka. Perennial har zuwa 2m babba da tsayi 1m. Kai tsaye branchy shoot. Greyish-kore, ganye mai siffa mai ganye tare da ganye mai nuna launuka biyar. Furanni: rawaya, fari ko shunayya.
Arctic Lupine - Lupinus arcticus
An samo shi a kan busassun gangara, filaye da hanyoyi ko'ina cikin Alaska ban da wuraren yankun bakin teku na kudu. Yana da tsayi 25-40 cm tare da manyan filaye da ganyen dabino tare da dogo mai tsayi. Furanni daga shuɗi mai haske zuwa shuɗi mai duhu. Petals suna da kamannin kofin, masu sa'a. Yawo daga watan Yuni zuwa Yuli.
Lupin Azurfa - Lupinus argenteus
Yana girma ko'ina a cikin Yamma a kan ƙananan ɗakunan marayu a kan belins kuma yana da wuyar canzawa. Tana da rassa masu yawa 15-60 cm masu tsayi tare da ganyayyaki na dabino, yawanci shida zuwa tara kunkuntun ganye, ƙananan sashin da ke rufe da siliki villi. Dark mai launin shuɗi zuwa fararen furanni suna da farar fata ko tsakiyar haske akan manyan filayen kuma ana tattara su cikin inflorescences.
Lupin Brevera - Lupinus mai shayarwa
Yana faruwa a cikin jihohin California, da Sierra Nevada, da kuma a kudancin Oregon. Wannan nau'in dwarf mai ban sha'awa ya samar da kera katako mai laushi na ganye mai farin ciki tare da inflorescences na 3-15 cm a tsayi da furanni-shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da fari ko launin shuɗi daga Yuni zuwa Agusta.
Lupin Hartwig - Lupinus hartwegii
Gida - Arewacin Amurka. Hutun bazara tare da tsayin 1m da nisa na 50cm. Kara matsakaici Ganye mai ruwan hoda mai haske-kore mai launin shuɗi yana da ganye guda biyar. Pink da furanni shuɗi.
Lupin Broadcast - Lupinus latifolius var. subalpinus
Ya haɗu a kan kogunan buɗe ɗakin subalpine a cikin jihar Washington. Kyakkyawan fure, mai dutse, 22-30 cm tsayi tare da furanni lavender-shuɗi tare da alamun farin.
Lupin Lupine - Lupinus lepidus / aridus / caespitosum / taron jama'a
An rarrabu a ko'ina cikin Yammacin Yamma kuma tabbas tsakanin dukkanin shahararrun nau'in turfy. Kara yana girma har zuwa 40 cm tsayi. Furanni masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi.
Lupin Rawaya - Lupinus luteus
Annual Kara ne dan kadan ganye, furrowed, pubescent. Bar tare da dogon stalks. Takardun ganye 9, suna da girma elongate tare da kunkuntar elongated tushe, a saman tare da kwatsam, gashi a garesu. Gashi ya yi fari, kauri, an sanya shi. Stipules sun haɗu, kunkuntar, sikelin-sikirin, fim a gindi. Inflorescences suna apical, elongated. Furannin suna yin lu'ulu'u a takaice. Corolla sau biyu idan dai calyx tare da tsananin wari mai kamshi. Calyx tare da obo bate obo. Lebe na sama na calyx ya rabu biyu, ƙananan ƙarancin ido. Daren wake suna kwance.
Karamin Lupine - Lupinus microcarpus
Shuka mai yawan shekara har zuwa 30cm babba.
Whitish-purple furannin furanni.
Lupin mai canzawa - Lupinus mutabilis var. makundai
Kasar Peru. Wannan bishiyar da ba a cika lalacewa ba tana cike da tsaunukan dutse. A cikin latitude na arewacin Turai, ana noma shi azaman shekara-shekara, saboda baya jure yanayin sanyi. Shortaramin daji, 70-100 cm, tare da kore, ciyawar buɗe ido mai ƙarfi. A kan firam na harbe, an kafa babban gungu na inflorescences na kodadde rawaya furanni. Ganyen fure yana da launin shuɗi ko launi na lilac, wanda, kamar yadda fure yake tonowa, an maye gurbinsu da ja. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin wurin dindindin a watan Afrilu-Mayu. A watan Yuni, lokacin fure ya fara, wanda ya kai kimanin watanni biyu.
Dwarf Lupine - Lupinus nanus
Ickaure mai zurfi na 15-5 cm cm 55. Ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi ne. Cobalt blue furanni tare da rawaya mai haske. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne wake da zagaye tsaba ripen. Ana iya girbe su kuma a shuka a watan Afrilu-Mayu na shekara mai zuwa kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude. A wannan yanayin, dwarf lupine zai yi fure daga marigayi Yuni zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta har ma ya fi tsayi.
Nutkan Lupine - Lupinus nootkatensis
Gida - Arewacin Amurka. Perennial har zuwa 1m babba da 75cm fadi. Kara matsakaici Dark kore pubescent dunate ganye tare da biyar m-nuna ganye. Furanni masu launin shuɗi da rawaya.
Lupin kyau - Lupinus ornata
Gida - Amurka. Perennial 50cm tsayi da 30cm fadi. Openarancin buɗe ƙasa. Ganyen silvery tare da keɓaɓɓun da ke tsakanin ganyen 7-9. M da kodaddun furanni masu ruwan shuɗi.
Ganyen Lupin - Lupinus polyphyllus
Arewacin Amurka Itataccen tsiro na 100-150 cm mai tsayi tare da ganyayyaki masu ganyayyaki 13-15, a ɓoye a saman ɓangaren, kuma siliki-pubescent a kasan. Stipules suna subulate. An tattara furannin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin babban goge mai kauri. Bracts na mutuwa, jirgi mara nauyi. Bob yana da iri-iri, mai sa'a. Yana fure a watan Yuli da Agusta.
Ruwan Shaggy - Lupinus villosus
Gida na - Jihohin Kudancin Amurka. Perennial 60cm tsayi da 30cm fadi. Kara situscent mai kara, tare da tsayayyun harbe. Fuskokin furanni masu launin shuɗi: Furen furanni: ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, ruwan hoda, fari
da shunayya.
© KENPEI
Matsaloli
Lafin aphid, wanda ya bayyana a lokacin buduwa, yana da illa. Late amfanin gona sun fi tsananin lalace ta larvae na sprout tashi, nodule weevils, aphids. Don sarrafa kwari, ana bada shawara ga fesa tsirrai tare da kashe kwari lokacin kaka. Lokacin shuka kasar gona, lokaci mafi kyau na shuka, jujjuyawar amfanin gona mai dacewa ya iyakance yaduwar kwari, yaduwar cututtuka, da kuma ƙara tsayayya da tsirrai zuwa kwari da cututtuka.. M pruning bayan fure na wasu sosai girma perennial lupins, kazalika da cire iri na inflorescences a farkon kaka, sa su su Bloom sake.
Amfani: a guda kuma rukuni na rukuni tare da wasu perennials a cikin mahaɗaɗɗen mahaɗa, dasa a cikin rukunoni a kan ciyawa. M cikin bouquets, amma ba tsawon lokaci ba. Lupins sune soloists na jere na biyu. Upaurarun lupins ba su da kyan gani sosai a ƙarshen bazara. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a dasa su a cikin ƙananan rukuni a gado na fure, kuma ba a jere na gaba ba, amma a cikin zurfin gadon filawar. Bada izinin zama wuri don perennials, wanda tare da ciyawar fure da fure mai haske suna rufe lupins.
Abokan tarayya: an haɗa su cikin haɗe tare da runduna, irises, nivyaniks, furannin fure, dabbobin ruwa, astilbe.
Um Lumbar
Jiran shawararku!
