Yawancin masoya cikin gidan suna da sha'awar zuwa cacti. Mammillaiyawa sun mamaye matsayi mai daraja a cikin babban danginsu. Cacti ba a fassara su ba. Suna da wuya a faranta musu da furanni, amma idan sun yi fure - ba zai yiwu ku kawar da idanunku ba.
A karo na farko an bayyana wannan shuka a cikin wallafe-wallafen a tsakiyar karni na 18. Nan gaba, lokacin da aka san dabbobi masu shayar da dabbobi masu shayarwa, masu shayarwa masu shayarwa suka zama masu sha'awar shi kuma suka haɗu da sabon nau'i.
Mafi yawanci ana samun Mammillaria a cikin tsawan tsaunuka, amma yana jin daɗi a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban - a Mexico, West Indies, Columbia, Guatemala, da Amurka.
A siffar, wannan nau'in murtsunguzu na iya zama zagaye, sikelin, mai sihiri da sikila. Madadin da hakarkarin berayensu na yau da kullun, waɗannan tsire-tsire suna da fasalinsu na musamman - tubercles. Tare da taimakonsu, garin muƙan ya riƙe danshi na dogon lokaci tare da juya hasken rana a lokacin da ya dace. Wani muhimmin bambanci daga wasu tsire-tsire masu kazanta ne da asalinsu tushen asali.
Mammillaria da alama yana kunshe da bangarori biyu: ɗayansu farji ne, na biyu kuwa ya ƙunshi ƙayayuwa ne. A farkon bangare yana da wuya, amma kyawawan furanni masu launin ja, fararen fata ko tabarau masu launin shuɗi suna bayyana. Furannin furanni daban-daban yawanci ƙanana ne (ba fiye da milimita 7 ba). A ƙarshen fure, 'ya'yan itaciyar cacti da tsaba.
Wannan nau'in gidan buɗe ido yana jan hankali tare da fasali:
- Abu ne mai sauki mu lura da shi.
- Yana da nau'ikan spines iri biyu.
- Da yawa iri kara.
- Fulawa tana jan hankali da launinta da launuka iri-iri.
Shahararrun nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa
Mammillaria Baum - An bambanta da irin wannan muƙaddin ta hanyar keɓaɓɓen siffar, shimfidar haske da kyawawan ƙananan furanni rawaya.
Mammillaria Blossfeld - yana da sikari mai fasalin zagaye, arees pubescent, furanni mai launin biyu (fari-ruwan hoda).
Mammillaria Carmen - wani murtsunguwa tare da kara da keɓaɓɓun tushe da ɗimbin ruwan launi. Roundanann furanni zagaye masu laushi suna ba wa shuka tsararren yanayi.
Mammillaria daji - shuka an rufe shi da spines na launin zinari, fure tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Mammillaria Bokasana - murtsunguwa yana da siffar elongated, furanni fari daban da 'ya'yan itace ruwan hoda.
Mammillaria Parkinson - wannan nau'in murtsunguwa yana da tsayi mai tsayi a cikin siffar ƙwal, kore, amma tare da ƙyalli mai haske; kyawawan furanni masu rawaya mai haske da kyandir mai cike da haske.
Mammillaria Zeilman - an bambance ɗan kwalin ta hanyar furanni ruwan hoda da shunayya mai haske a cikin da'irar.
Kusan dukkan nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa masu shayarwa suna da girman jiki da girma. Wasu cacti suna da furanni masu launi ɗaya kawai, wasu kuma suna da biyu (launi na biyu yana cikin nau'i na karamin tsiri). Wadannan tsire-tsire sun bambanta sosai da juna - launi daga tushe da ƙaya. Alamar gama gari ita ce inflorescence, a ciki wanda akwai mai yawa stamens.
Mammillaria - girma da kulawa gida
Wuri da Haske
Cactus tsire-tsire ne mai hoto, amma ɗaukar dogon lokaci zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye na iya cutar da shi. Zai fi kyau idan akwai wasu shading. A lokacin rani, irin wannan wuri mai dacewa na iya zama baranda ta yau da kullun.
A ɗaka, kana buƙatar zaɓi taga wanda ke fuskantar gabas ko yamma. A kan irin wannan windowsill akwai wadataccen haske ga shuka da ƙarancin haɗari daga haskoki na rana.
Zazzabi
Don wannan tsire-tsire na cikin gida, ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar yanayin zafin jiki mai dacewa don tsari na fure. A lokacin rani, dabbobi masu shayarwa za su yi girma a zazzabi na 20 zuwa 23. A cikin hunturu - kada a sami fiye da digiri 12 na zafi. A irin waɗannan yanayin zafi, murtsungujin zai ji daɗi kuma zai yi farin ciki da furanni daban-daban.
Dokokin Watering
Mammillaria shine shuka wanda ke buƙatar ƙaramar danshi. A cikin hunturu, ana barin hakoton ba tare da an sha ruwa na dogon lokaci ba. Ko da shayarwa guda ɗaya a wata zai isa. A cikin hunturu, shuka ya fara lokacin sanyi. A wannan lokacin, yana da mafi kyau mafi kyau kada ka share shi. Ko da canza wurin murtsunguwa zuwa wani wuri a cikin hunturu ba da shawarar ba.
Mammillaria ta amsa da rashin ƙarfi ga ruwa na ƙasa. A lokacin rani, dole ne a shayar da shuka sau 3-4 a wata. A cikin kaka, an rage yawan ruwa zuwa sau 2 a wata.
Kodayake irin wannan nau'in tsiro yana da haƙuri mai haƙuri, amma yana son fesa ruwa, musamman ma lokacin zafi mai zafi.
Kasar gona
Ba tare da wata matsala ba a yau, zaku iya siyan cakuda ƙasa ta musamman don cacti. Don dafa abinci mai zaman kanta, zaku buƙaci abubuwa da yawa: nau'ikan ƙasa guda uku (peat, turf da ganye a ɓangare ɗaya), da kuma sandar kogin mara nauyi da tubalin da aka murƙushe (duka biyu a cikin rabin).
Da takin mai magani da takin zamani
Daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka, ana buƙatar ciyar da dabbobi masu shayarwa. A cikin hunturu, irin waɗannan hanyoyin ba su gudana. Ana amfani da takin ƙasa sau ɗaya a wata. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban m da haɓakar shuka.
Juyawa
An dasa cacti na manya a cikin kowace shekara uku, kuma ana iya dasa shuki matasa a kowace shekara. Tukwane na fure kada ya kasance mai zurfi, amma faɗaɗa, saboda irin wannan murtsunguwar siffofin da yawa gefen harbe. Fuskar farko a cikin tukunyar burtsatsi dole ne ya kasance maɓallin magudanar ruwa, sannan cakuda ƙasa don cacti. Shouldasa ta kamata ta wuce iska da ruwa sosai. Zai fi kyau a magance dasawa a farkon lokacin bazara.
Kiwon dabbobi masu shayarwa
Mammillaria yana yaduwa a hanyoyi biyu: ta zuriya da harbe a kaikaice.
Yaduwa ta gefen harbe
Lateral harbe ko yara suna hankali sosai rabu da manya murtsunguwa, don kada su lalata. Kafin dasa shuki a cikin tukunyar filawa daban, kowane matashi mai harbi yana buƙatar a bushe shi kwanaki da yawa. Yaran sun fi shuka a kananan kwantena.
Soilasa ta musamman don wannan nau'in shuka an haɗu a daidai sassan tare da yashi kogin da aka shuka tsaba a kai. Daga sama dole ne a murkushe su da yadudduka na bakin ciki, an shayar da su matsakaici kuma a saka a cikin dumi (game da zafi 20 a jiki) ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, akwatunan fure an sake shirya su a wani, ƙarin haske dakin.
Tsarin iri
Aukar yara daga yara sun fi dacewa da inganci, amma ƙwararrun masu girbi na fure suna ba da shawarar haɓakar cacti ta hanyar zuriya.
Matsaloli a cikin girma dabbobi masu shayarwa
