Dasa kuma kula da maganin kashe kwari: iri, hoto

Zaɓin tsire-tsire na kayan ado don ƙirar gidan rani, mai kula da lambu yana so su taimaka don cimma sakamako mafi ban sha'awa. Saboda haka, galibi ana samun irin wannan tsiron tsimitsifuga akan shirye-shiryen sirri. Ana iya bayyana shi azaman furanni masu ban sha'awa da iska wanda zai iya gabatar da ko da lambun fure na yau da kullun a cikin sabon haske.

Ga alama mara kyau mara kyau a lokuta inda girma daya. Wannan inji ana iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin "kayan tarihi" don mai kula da lambun, don haka a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an sami amfani da yawa a cikin zane mai faɗi.

Bayanin tsimitsifugi

Wannan tsararren sanannun sanannun sanannun yan lambu na daya daga cikin manyan wakilan dangin Lyutikov. A lokacin An san nau'ikan 15 na wannan al'ada, kowannensu yana fara yin fure a lokuta daban-daban. Za a iya samun nau'ikan daji na cohosh na Siberiya, tsaunin Turai, da kuma wurare masu ƙarfi na Arewacin Amurka, Sin, Mongolia, Gabas ta Tsakiya da tsibirin Japan. Kowane irin nau'in baƙar fata yana zaune tare da yanayinmu. Bayan duk, ba su ji tsoron ba kawai sanyi frosts, amma kuma mai tsananin sanyi hunturu.

Asalin sunan tsimitsifuga mai ban sha'awa ne: an fassara wannan kalmar daga Latin kamar "Neman kwari". Don haka ba a ji daɗi da farko ba, sunan tsiro ya kasance saboda black cohosh smelly, wanda aka yi amfani dashi sosai azaman maganin kashe kwari.

Kudinsa kadan ne lalata wannan tsiro na zamani, kuma iska nan da nan ta fara cika da wani abu mai ƙanshi wanda ba a tsammani. Saboda haka, ba abin mamaki bane cewa a cikin mutane ana kiransa "talakawa ƙwarƙwarar" ko "tushe mai ƙima."

Ba'a amfani da wannan iri-iri don dalilai na ado. Yawancin lokaci yan lambu sun fi son nau'ikan da suke da ƙanshin jin daɗin jin daɗin rayuwa. Accuraari mafi daidaituwa game da ma'anar sunan wannan shuka shine versionan Jamusanci, wanda yayi kama da "kyandirori na azurfa".

Black cohosh yana jan hankalin ba wai kawai tare da kyakkyawan kyan gani ba, har ma da tsarinta. Abubuwan da ke cikin kayan kwalliya suna da ganyayyaki waɗanda suke kama da babban faski, suna fitowa nan da nan daga wani lokacin farin jini mai kauri. Inflorescences yawanci suna da nau'i biyu - kwalliya-kama da tsemo.

A cikin waɗannan shekarun lokacin bazara mai sanyi, furannin cohosh baƙi bazai zo ba. Koyaya, har yanzu yana da fa'idodi masu yawa waɗanda ake godiya a ƙirar shimfidar wuri: tsira, unpretentiousness, sanyi juriya da karko. Ana iya girma a wuri guda ba tare da dasawa ba. tsawon shekaru 25. Haka kuma, daga shekara zuwa shekara zai kara kyawu. Kuma kodayake sunan bai yi kyau da kyau ba, wannan bai shafi kayan adon na shi ba, saboda black cohosh isan itace ne mai launuka masu launuka masu kyan gani.

Shahararren nau'in baƙar fata

Black cohosh ya hada da jinsuna da yawa, kowane ɗayan yana da halaye na kansa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya kasance akan su cewa mutum ya kamata ya kula lokacin da zaɓin zaɓi don ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen fure.

• Blackho mai launin baki Wannan itace tsayi mai tsayi wacce zata iya kaiwa tsawon mita 2. A lokacin girma, yana samar da furanni masu launuka masu launuka iri-iri, yana samar da manyan sifofi masu girma. Ganyen wannan nau'in baƙar fata, wanda zai iya zama ja-cakulan, tagulla ko ceri mai duhu, suna da launi iri-iri. Ciyawa tana faruwa ba da daɗewa ba, ba kamar tsire-tsire masu yawa ba - a watan Satumba. Koyaya, idan mai yawa hazo ya fadi lokacin kakar, to shuka bazai sami isasshen lokacin da zai samar inflorescences. Sabili da haka, ba a so don zaɓar wani shafi a cikin inuwa don saukowa.
• Black cohosh mai sauki ne. Siffofin halayyar wannan tsirrai sune ƙananan inflorescences, wanda ƙananan furanni suka kafa. Mafi muni, wannan baƙar fata na cohosh wata bazara ce mai duhu, saboda a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi yana da matuƙar ba za ta yi fure ba. A cikin wannan rukunin, yana da daraja a haskaka iri-iri na Brunet, wanda ke buƙata a tsakanin yawancin lambu. Ya bambanta ta da tagulla-cakulan, wanda ke riƙe da inuwa mai yawa a duk lokacin. Babu ƙarancin furanni fari fararen furanni, waɗanda a daidai lokacin buɗewar ya zama launin shuɗi.
• Black cohosh tseren tsemo (tsimitsifuga tsemosa). Wannan tsararren tsirrai ne, wanda yawanci ya kai mita 2 a tsayi. An yi masa ado tare da inflorescences mai ƙanshi, waɗanda ke da fasalin fili, wanda ke buɗe daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Yawo yana faruwa a watan Yuli kuma yana wanzuwa har watan Satumba. A wannan lokaci na shekara, ana canza shuka, kamar yadda furanni suka fara yin fure, suna da fararen fari ko kirim.
• Black cohosh yana da ƙanshi. Wannan nau'in ya bambanta da sauran nau'in tare da wari mara dadi wanda ya fito daga ɓangaren sararin samaniya na rhizome. Mutane da yawa sun san wannan nau'in a ƙarƙashin sunan "Adam's Rib", kuma ba haɗari ba ne a sa shi, saboda ƙananan ƙananan ganye suna kama da haƙarƙarin. Mafi girma sune samfuran manya, wanda zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 2. Ganyayyaki baƙi masu launin fari sune manyan pinnate. An gabatar da ƙananan furanni tare da launi mai haske na kore a cikin nau'i na paniculate inflorescences.
• Baƙar fata baƙar fata dan Amurka. Wannan tsire-tsire ya fito da girman sa mai ban sha'awa, saboda zai iya girma zuwa 90-150 cm. Yayin aiwatar da girma, yakan samar da farin ganye mai kauri. Fulawa yana faruwa a cikin Yuli kuma yana ƙare har zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta: a wannan matakin, yana haɓaka inflorescences-goge, wanda ke da nau'in silima, wanda ke samar da furanni na launin toka-mai launin toka.
• Klopogon daursky. Yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsayi ba sa wuce mita 1 a tsayi. Inflorescences suna da alamun pubescence, wanda aka gabatar a cikin hanyar kyandirori masu tsayi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna kallon ɗan ƙarami saboda ƙananan fararen launuka.

Duk nau'in baƙar fata cohosh da nasu halaye, bambanta da juna dangane da fure, girma da inuwa na inflorescences.

Asirin Kula da Shuka

Lokacin girma black cohosh, gwaninta ba mahimmanci ba ne, don haka ko da mai lambu mai novice na iya jin daɗin fure na tsimitsifuga. Koyaya wasu maki bukatar a yi la'akarisaboda kowane furanni ya kasance mai haske da kuma farin ciki.

1. Wannan tsire-tsire yana jin daɗi daidai a sararin samaniya da inuwa. Amma a cikin kowane hali, ana bada shawara a gare shi don zaɓar wani wuri mai kariya daga abubuwan da aka tsara, in ba haka ba wannan tsire-tsire ba zai rayu ba. Cohosh baƙar fata ke tsiro idan an shuka shi kusa da bishiyoyi. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa asalinsu za su cinye wani adadin danshi da abubuwan gina jiki da aka gabatar lokacin da suke kula da zamani.
2. Lokacin girma black cohosh, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa wannan shine tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya. Saboda haka, samfuran manya suna buƙatar sarari mai yawa fiye da na tsire-tsire matasa.
3. Tsimitsifugu ya ba da shawarar yin girma a kan ƙasa mai daɗin ci, mai arziki a cikin humus kuma yana da tsarin sako-sako. Yana da amfani don ciyawa a kai a kai, wanda hakan zai rage rashin danshi. Koyaya, ba a so a sa ciyawa a kusa da gindin shuka, in ba haka ba danshi zai fara ɓoye a can, kuma ba da daɗewa tushe zai fara jujjuya su. A cikin lokutan bushewa, ban ruwa kadai bai isa ba, sabili da haka, ban da su, ya zama dole don fesa.
4. A lokacin girma, ciyarwa wajibi ne. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin mai ma'adinai, wanda dole ne a shafa ga ƙasa bisa ga umarnin.
5. Kodayake cohosh baƙar fata shuka ne mai ƙarfi, duk da haka, kowane iska mai ƙarfi na iya haifar da mummunar illa a kansa. Don kare farfajiyar sa, an bada shawarar aiwatar da wata garter. Da farko, wannan aikin ya zama dole don samfurori masu tsayi.
6. Ganyayyaki masu yawa suna girma cikin baƙar fata na cohosh na tsere, wanda ke iyakance yaɗuwar ciyawar. Sabili da haka, lokacin da daji ya zama balagaggu, buƙatar ƙwayar farashi zata shuɗe kanta. Hakanan, wannan shuka yana da kariya daga cututtuka da kwari.
7. Itace yana buƙatar kulawa a duk tsawon lokacin: a cikin kaka, pruning na wilted panicles ya zama dole. Wannan zai taimaka wajen kula da daɗaɗɗun baƙar fata cohosh. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga ire-iren waɗannan ganye waɗanda ganye suna da bayyanar sabon abu.
8. Domin cikin bashi cohosh don jure hunturu da kyau, a ƙarshen kaka sun gudanar da cikakken pruning na mai tushe.
9. Kada ku dogara da yanayin juriya na sanyi, tunda koda a wannan yanayin shuka ba zai iya yin ba tare da tsari daga ganyayyaki da suka fadi ba. Da fari dai, rhizomes waɗanda suka girma da ƙarfi suna buƙatar irin wannan kariyar. Koyaya, idan kyawawan nau'in baƙi na black cohosh suka girma akan shafin, to yawanci sukan mutu ne bayan mummunan hunturu.

Yaya za a yadu da cohosh baki?

Babban hanyoyin tsirrai sune shuka iri, rarrabe daji da yaduwar tsiro.

Shuka tsaba

Har yanzu dai akwai sabani tsakanin masana game da hanyar farko ta haihuwa. Wasu suna da ra'ayin cewa ya fi kyau shuka iri bayan an girbe su.

Amma akwai ra'ayi daban akan wannan: kafin shuka tsaba, ya zama dole don taurara by stratificationwanda ana yin shi tsawon watanni 6.

• a cikin watanni ukun farko, ana sa tsaba a cikin ɗakin bushewa a zazzabi na 20 digiri Celsius;
• sauran lokacin, tsaba ya kamata a sanyaya a digiri 4 Celsius.

Yawanci, waɗannan matakan na iya tabbatar da cikakkiyar haɓakar tayi, kazalika da ƙara yawan adadin ƙwayar. A lokacin da seedlings zama manya, suna canjawa wuri zuwa m wuri, tabbata a kama tare da tsirrai da earthen dunƙule. Lokacin amfani da wannan hanyar girma, fure yana faruwa cikin shekaru biyu zuwa uku.

Rhizome rabo

Shuka shuka ta rarrabuwa shine mafi kyawu a farkon bazara. Don wannan aiki, mafi kyau amfani da seedlings shekaru 5-6 shekaru. Koyaya, ka tuna cewa rhizome na black cohosh yana da taurin gaske, don haka ana buƙatar gatari ko shebur don samun hannun jari.

Kammalawa

Binciken wata itaciya mai unpreentious don yin ado da sifar mutum, yawancin masu mallakar suna zaɓar cohosh baki. Wannan tsire-tsire yana haɗuwa da tsammanin cikakke: yana da sauqi qwarai mu shuka shi a cikin latitude ɗinmu, gami da gaskiyar cewa yana yarda da kowane sanyi. Saboda haka, ana iya dasa tsimitsifugu a cikin ƙasa buɗe a farkon farkon bazara, ba tare da tsoron cewa sanyi zai lalata shi ba. Ko ta yaya, har yanzu tana da akwai wasu fasaligame da namo a cikin ƙasa bude. Dole ne a tuna cewa black cohosh yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun. Danshi bai kamata ya ɓoye a cikin ƙasa ba, in ba haka ba inji na iya mutu ba tare da jiran lokacin dasawa zuwa dindindin ba.