Marigolds suna daya daga cikin furannin lambu na shekara-shekara da aka fi so. A kusan kowane yanki, zaku iya samun katako mai fure tare da furen da aka sassaka da furanni masu haske, suna fitar da ƙanshin yaji mai ɗanɗano daga ƙuruciya. Marigolds Bloom kusan duk lokacin rani, kuna gamsuwa da ɗimbin yawaitar inflorescences.
Bayanin Shuka
Marigolds ko tagetes, suna cikin abubuwan halittar shekara-shekara da tsararren tsire-tsire na dangin aster. Madaidaiciya, mai dausayi mai tushe ya samar da daji tare da tsayi daga 20 zuwa 120 cm. Ganye suna pinnate, budewa, tushen tsarin yana da faɗi. Inflorescences kwanduna ne, mai sauƙi ko sau biyu, rawaya, ruwan lemo ko launin ruwan kasa. Flowing yana yalwatacce daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa sanyi. 'Ya'yan itace - achene, 1 g ya ƙunshi tsaba 700. Duk tsire-tsire suna haifar da ƙanshin yaji. Yana girma mafi kyau a cikin wuraren rana, kodayake yana yarda da ƙarancin shading. A kasar gona ya zama na gina jiki, matsakaici m.
Ana amfani da Marigolds don ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyin fure, rabatok. Varietiesarancin ƙananan haɓaka suna da kyau duka a kan iyakoki da kuma a cikin manyan taro, a kan ciyawa. Dasa a cikin tukunya na iya yin fure a cikin ɗakin na dogon lokaci. Al'adar ta dace da haɓaka a cikin akwatunan baranda, kwantena. Yanke inflorescences tsaya a cikin ruwa na dogon lokaci.
Noma noma
Tagetes ba shi da ma'ana, girma da fure a kusan kowane yanayi, amma tare da kulawa mai kyau, bushes ɗin ya fi ado. An girma ta hanyoyi biyu - shuka da shuka iri a cikin ƙasa.
Hanyar da ba ta dace ba don haɓaka marigolds
Marigolds suna girma ta shuka iri a cikin ƙasa a lokuta daban-daban:
- A cikin hunturu, bayan tsayayyen matsakaici. Kirkiro jigon girka a gaba, yin tsummoki da adana wasu ƙasa a cikin ɗumi mai ɗumi. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin busassun ƙasa kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa da aka adana. Top ciyawa tare da rotted sawdust, takin, zuriyar dabbobi. A cikin bazara, lokacin da damuna ta ƙarshe ta shude, ana yin ciyawar ciyawa domin ƙasa ta tashi da sauri.
- A cikin bazara, a tsakiyar Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu, an shuka marigolds akan gadaje ko keɓaɓɓu. Bayan shuka, an zubar da tsagi da ruwa mai ɗumi.
A cikin farkon - tsakiyar watan Mayu, ana shuka alamomin kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a cikin dindindin. Furen da aka fito da shi ana fitar da bakin ciki ne, suna barin a kalla cm 10 tsakanin tsirrai .. Lokacin da ganyaye na hakika da yawa suka bayyana a kan tsirrai, ana dasa su a nesa daga 30 cm
Yadda za a yi girma marigold seedlings a cikin greenhouse
An yi nasarar yin nasarar Marigold tsaba a cikin greenhouse. Kwanan ƙasa sun zo lokacin da masu hasashen yanayi ba su yi alƙawarin rage zafin rana a ƙasa ba -1 -3 ° C. A ƙasa a cikin greenhouse da sauri thaws riga a farkon watan Afrilu dumi.
Don hana hatching seedlings daga kamawa cikin sanyi na dare, yi amfani da kayan rufewa. Hakanan a cikin greenhouse zaka iya sanya kwantena na ruwa. Yayin rana, yakan tashi sama da sannu a hankali yana fitar da zafi da dare, yana riƙe da yawan zafin jiki kaɗan da akan titi.
Harbe yana bayyana a cikin mako guda. Kula da tumatir na marigold ya ƙunshi ban ruwa na yau da kullun tare da ruwa mai dumi, loosening da weeding. Idan an shirya ƙasa a gaba, matasa tsire-tsire ba sa buƙatar sutura masu saman daban. Idan ya cancanta (rauni mai rauni, yellowing na ganyayyaki), foliar spraying tare da 1-3 urea bayani yana gudana. A tsakiyar Mayu, seedlings sun riga sun shirya don dasawa cikin budewar ƙasa.
Yadda ake shuka marigold seedlings a gida
Hanya mafi aminci don samun tsire-tsire fure a farkon matakai shine dasa marigolds akan tsire-tsire. Kamar manyan seedlings - barkono da eggplant, ana shuka su a ƙarshen Fabrairu - a watan Maris. Exactarin ainihin takamaiman kwanakin sun dogara da yanayi da yankin zama.
An shirya ƙasa don shuka marigolds a cikin rabbai masu zuwa:
- 1 yanki na takin;
- Peat part 1;
- 1 yanki na ƙasar lambun;
- 0.5 sassan yashi.
An zuba wani yanki na magudanar ruwa a gindin kwandon - tubalin da ya fashe, yumɓu mai yalwa, yashi mai laushi. Sa'an nan - tattalin ƙasa cakuda. Ana dan danƙa shi ana shayar dashi. A cikin ruwa don ban ruwa, zaku iya ƙara magani don cututtukan fungal, kamar yadda seedlings na tagetes sau da yawa ke fama da ƙafa baƙar fata. Bayan 'yan kwanaki daga baya, lokacin da ƙasa ke zaune, kuma yana daidai cike da danshi, yin tsagi da sa da tsaba da marigold a cikinsu.
Yayyafa a saman ƙasa da danshi kaɗan. Tukwane an rufe su da gilashi ko fim kuma a sanya su a wuri mai dumi, mai haske. Ana cire murfin kullun don samun iska. Bayan harbe-harbe na farko sun bayyana, an cire fim ɗin kuma kwandunan an sake shirya su a wuri mai rana. Har sai ganye na farko na farko sun bayyana a cikin shuki, ana shayar dasu sosai don hana cutar baƙar fata.
Kulawa da shuka a gida babu wani bambanci da dabarun aikin gona don shuka shuki a cikin ƙasa: ingantaccen lokacin sha, kayan miya da kyawun haske zai ba ku damar samun furannin farko na marigold a watan Yuni.
Dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara buɗe
Nisa mafi kyau tsakanin tsirrai a lokacin da ake dasa shuki marigold a cikin ƙasa shine 0.4-0.5 m na nau'in madaidaiciya. Undersized za a iya dasa a ɗan more sau da yawa. Wurin ya kamata ya yi rana, ba tare da tsawa ba.
An dasa ciyayi tare da dunƙulewar ƙasa. Kafin dasa, ya kamata a shayar da marigolds wanda ya sa tushen bai bushe ba lokacin dasawa. A bu mai kyau shirya wuri don gaba mai zuwa flowerbed a fall - don gabatar da takin zamani-potash, ash da tono. Lokacin dasa shuki seedlings a cikin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin kowane tushe ƙara takin, urea ko nitrate. Amma m tare da nitrogen ba shi daraja domin tsire-tsire ba sa mai, wato, kada su gina kore taro zuwa ga lalata na fure. Fesa wani maganin microfertilizer na furanni zai amfana sosai da marigolds. Suna yin wannan bayan tsire-tsire sun kafe, girma suka fara samun buds.
Kulawar Tagenes na waje
Marigolds hygrophilous ne, amma basa son tsawaita tsaftataccen ruwa. Saboda haka, watering ya kamata matsakaici. Bayan an sha ruwa, dole ne a kwance ƙasa. Don yawan fure mai yawa a lokuta da yawa, ana ciyar da furanni tare da jiko na mullein ko taki ruwa daga nettle da sauran ciyayi.
Don kiyaye babban adorativeness, wilted inflorescences karya kashe. Za'a iya sauƙaƙe wuraren da aka bushe ta amfani da pruning, ta amfani da yanke furanni don bouquets.
Cuta, magani da rigakafin
Saboda abun da suke canzawa, marigolds basu da saukin kamuwa da cutar fiye da sauran albarkatu. Koyaya, yanayin da bai dace da su ba na iya haifar da cutar launin toka da mamayewa da gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Wadanda suka kamu da lalace suna lalacewa, a cikin mutane masu lafiya suna rage ruwa, aka fesa su da magungunan fungal. 
Daga mites gizo-gizo, ana maganin tagetes tare da jiko na tafarnuwa, itacen tsutsa, barkono ja ko ƙura taba. Game da mummunan lalacewa, ana baza tsire-tsire tare da mafita na Actellik, Fufanon, Antiklesh, shirye-shiryen Fitoverm.
Shuka marigolds a wurare masu zafi ba tare da yin kauri ba, kuma tsirrai zasu yi girma sosai da yawa kuma basu da lafiya.
Yadda ake tattarawa da adana Marigold Seeds
Tare da kyakkyawar kulawa a cikin ƙasa mai budewa, marigolds da aka dasa a cikin watan Mayu-Yuni, iri na da bushewar tsaba cike da tsaba a tsakiyar watan Agusta. Su manya ne manya kuma suna kama da kibiya tare da baki mai haske da zuban haske. An tattara mafi kyawun samfuran samfuran tsaba. Abubuwan da aka tara suna bushe a wuri mai bushe kuma an tsabtace su, suna ɓoyewa daga husk.
An tattara tsaba kawai daga marigolds na varietal, hybrids basu dace da wannan ba, tunda sun gaji halaye na ɗaya daga cikin iyayen.
An zubar da kyawawan tsaba a cikin jakunkuna na nama kuma ana ajiye su a zazzabi na 1-5 ° C da zafi na 50-60%. A irin waɗannan yanayi, kayan dasawa ba ya rasa germination har tsawon shekaru.
Amfani da likita
A bouquet na yanke marigolds warkar da iska a cikin dakin, tsoratar da kashe kwari. Ana amfani da daskararren daskararre a wasu ƙasashe azaman kayan yaji. A cikin Caucasus, an san shi da Imereti Saffron. Ganyayyaki suna maganin maƙarƙashiya, zazzaɓi, amfani dashi azaman diuretic da diaphoretic. A cikin manyan allurai, ganyayyakin marigold suna aiki azaman gado. Lutein da ke cikin furanni yana rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar katako da kuma inganta jijiyar gani. Gidan wanka tare da jiko na Tagetes shakatawa, sauƙaƙa ma'anar damuwa. An ba da shawarar a sha su a lokacin kwanciyar hankali don ɓacin rai da neurosis. Tincture na shuka copes da kyau tare da stomatitis da fata fata.
Marigolds an haɓaka kasuwanci don samar da mai mai mahimmanci.
A albarkatun kasa shi ne duka m ɓangare na shuke-shuke. Man yana da ƙanshi mai ɗanɗano tare da bayanin kula citrus mai sauƙi. Yana da magani mai narkewa, antifungal, hypotensive, sakamako na rigakafi. Yana tausasa fata sosai, a lokaci guda tana tsoratar da ƙudaje da sauro. Yana taimaka wa warkar da cutarwa, ƙage, laushi.
Marigold oil shine sanannen sashi a cikin turare na Faransawa da yawa.
Fa'idodi ga gonar
Domin marigolds don nuna cikakkun kayan aikinsu na phytoncidal, ana dasa su tare da kewaye da shafin, tare da hanyoyi, alama farkon da ƙarshen gadaje tare da bushes daban-daban. Tagetes, wanda aka dasa kusa da gadaje kabeji, ya tsoratar da ƙyallen maƙerin ƙaiƙayi. Oraya daga cikin bishiyoyi biyu na fure ɗaya ko biyu a cikin gidan shinkafa na iya rage yiwuwar cutar tumatir tare da ƙarshen zafin rana da nau'ikan rot. A cikin kaka, ana amfani da tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya azaman tsalle - suna niƙa da tono ƙasa tare da sakamakon babban taro. Wannan zai tsoratar da nematode, wireworm kuma ya wadatar da kasar gona da kwayoyin halitta.
Marigold bushes za a iya bar duk hunturu. Dasa a cikin layuka, za su kasance a matsayin kariya ta iska da jinkirta dusar ƙanƙara a shafin.
A cikin bazara bayan narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ana fitar da bushe bushes kuma an ƙone su, ko aka aika zuwa takin.
Iri Tagetes
Marigolds daban-daban masu tsayi, daban-daban dangane da fure, girma da launi na furanni, suna girma a cikin gidajen rani. Tsaba na iri da ake so da nau'in za'a iya sayan su a kusan kowane kantin shahararrun.
Tagetes erecta
Dangane da siffar inflorescences sun kasu kashi biyu:
- Clove-fure - a cikin wannan rukuni a cikin inflorescences akwai furanni masu yawa, a cikin tsakiyar akwai fewan tubular;
- Chrysanthemum-fure - duka inflorescence kunshi tubular furanni, tare gefen daya jere na itace.
Kyakkyawan nau'ikan alamun alamun suna daga cikin mafi girma. Daga cikinsu akwai kyawawan launuka, tare da manyan inflorescences na fure mai launin rawaya da ruwan furanni.
Antigua - bushesarancin furanni suna gudana tare da furanni masu yawa tare da diamita na har zuwa 10 cm launin ruwan-orange.
Dutse mai rawaya - tsiro zuwa 70 cm tsayi daidai yake da fure mai fure mai fure mai launin shuɗi.
Dalar Zinare - tsayi bushes tare da manyan duhu kore ganye da kyau inuwa odorless ja-orange terry bukukuwa.
Haske na Zinare - plantsan ƙananan matsakaitan tsire-tsire masu ƙananan haske tare da hasken orange mai haske. Late iri-iri, fure daga ƙarshen Yuni zuwa sanyi.
Yariman lemo - Daga farkon lokacin bazara har zuwa lokacin sanyi zai yi maka farin ciki tare da haɗakar inflorescences lemo-rawaya mai duhu tare da gurnani mai duhu. Bambancin 80 cm tsayi.
Shaggy Robin - shugabannin rawaya masu laushi da gaske suna kallon shaggy saboda furanni tubular daban-daban tsawo. Suna da kyau da kuma sabon abu a cikin yanke.
Marigolds aka ƙi (Tagetes patula)
Wannan nau'in matsakaicin tsayi shine 20-40 cm. Furanni na iya zama ba za su ninka biyu ba, amma ba ƙarancin kyau ba, yawanci-sautin biyu.
Shugaban kai na Zinare - low sosai leafy bushes an rufe shi da yawa rawaya inflorescences tare da ja gefuna. Matsanancin petals suna wavy kuma sun runtse. An ba da shawarar iri-iri don girma a cikin kwantena, tukwane, don gadaje na fure da rabatok.
Kwallon zinare - Yaɗa bushesashirwan dajin da aka yanko za su yi farin ciki tare da haɗin gwal mai ban sha'awa na tsakiyar zinare a kan iyakar ja-launin ruwan kasa. Yana fure daga farkon bazara. Yawancin suna da kyau a yanka.
Sarauniya Sofia - tabarau mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, kirfa da tagulla suna bushewa da rana, suna samun kusan sautunan cakulan. Inflorescences ba sau biyu ba ne, amma babba ne.
Lemon kayan ado - sunan iri-iri yayi magana don kansa. Karamin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi suna riƙe da kansu busasshen fure mai haske rawaya mai haske.
Orange na wuta - iri-iri ba za su bar kowa ba cikin damuwa saboda godiya mai launi biyu mai launi mai launi iri-iri tare da cibiyar ruwan lemo mai haske a cikin zane mai launin ja-ruwan kasa.
Marigold na bakin ciki mai gauraya (Tagetes tenuifolia),
Varietiesananann kannun da ke dafe-dafe suna da fure mai zurfi da ƙananan furanni marasa launuka biyu na launin rawaya, ruwan lemo ko ja. Gudun daji mai kama da wasan kwandon shara yayi kama da launuka masu haske.
Zoben gwal - tsirar mai tsaka tsayi tare da tsirarwa mara nauyi da ƙananan ganye mai haske. Blooms a farkon Yuni tare da furanni masu rawaya mai haske tare da launin ruwan duhu mai duhu.
Kyau - kama da nau'ikan da suka gabata, amma ya bambanta da shi ta hanyar ƙaramin tsawo. Sabili da haka, an ba da shawarar don ƙirar gefuna na gadaje fure, rabatok. Kyau da dacewa ga girma cikin tukwane da akwatuna.
Lulu - da iri ne halin yawan fure. Wani daji mai yaduwa ya samar da koren fure mai launin shuɗi tare da taurari masu haske.
Paprika - Yawancin furanni masu launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tsakiyar rawaya ba zasu iya lura da su ba a kowane gado na fure. A iri-iri repels karin kwari da karfi ƙanshi.
Tare da irin wannan nau'ikan iri-iri, zaku iya yin fure mai tsayi da fure mai tsayi daga ɗayan marigolds kawai, kuna canza launuka daban-daban. Ana sanya manyan nau'ikan fure-fure a tsakiyar gadon filawa, tare da jera su da wasu nau'in inuwa mai banbanci. Usoshin fitila da aka dasa a cikin faffadan balcony zasu cika gidan da ƙanshi mai daɗin yaji mai ban sha'awa duk lokacin bazara.
