An hada da genus Cymbidium kusan ɗari nau'ikan orchids, ya bambanta da juna a girma, sihiri da launi na fure. Yankunan da aka rarraba su yadu sosai, ya haɗa da Australia, Indiya, Malesiya, Japan da China, inda aka fara mallakar waɗannan tsire-tsire. Kula dasu a gida na bukatar wasu ilimi da gogewa a cikin aikin gona.
Yawancin nau'in halittar cikin gida na cikin gida suna girma a cikin yanayi mai kyau a cikin tsaunukan tuddai, ko kuma, a zahiri, a cikin gandun daji m, wanda babu makawa ya bar alamarsa a kan yanayin da ya wajaba don ci gaban lafiya da fure.
Duba bayanin
Mafi yawa ya isa manyan tsire-tsire masu yawa, ganye mai launin fata lanceolate ko xiphoid form. A gindin ganyayyakin sune pseudobulbs: manyan sifofin da ba za'a iya dasu ba wadanda suka tara ruwa da abubuwan gina jiki.
Inflorescences na mafi girman nau'in cymbidium ya kai mita da rabi a tsayi, yayin da mafi ƙanƙanin ba su wuce santimita 30 ba, kuma akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka ƙera waɗanda ko da ƙananan.
Ana iya fentin furanni masu kamshi a launuka masu launin shuɗi da ruwan hoda, lemo mai tsami, rawaya, fari ko fari. Yankin cinya mai cin gado uku mai yawa ana rufe shi da wani tsari ko kuma yana da inuwa mai bambanci ga furannin.
Fure fure na cymbidium har zuwa watanni uku., kuma rayuwar tsiro da kanta har zuwa shekaru bakwai.
Tun da nau'ikan nau'ikan cymbidium suna girma a cikin yanayi daban-daban na halitta, Don tabbatar da kyakkyawar kulawa, kana buƙatar sanin ainihin shuka da ka sayi..
Yawan nau'ikan iri
Kamar sauran orchids, cymbidiums sauƙin haɗin gwiwa tare da juna da kuma wakilan sauran janareto. Sabili da haka, yawancin shagunan fure fure na cymbidium da aka samo akan shelves sune hybrids.
Zai iya zama manya-manyan tsirraigalibi ana amfani da shi wajen yankan, da kuma orchids na matsakaici, da kuma masu shayarwa na Amurka matsanancin dada iri.
Micro-cymbidium sakamako ne na kai tsaye da ake nunawa.Suna da launuka masu haske kuma ƙasa da buƙatuwa akan yanayin girma fiye da magabatansu na daji. Wasu hybrids suna da ganye variegated na ganye.
Musamman An bambanta cymbidiums na Gabas ta kyawunsu - wakilan nau'in halittun da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayi na Japan, Korea da China, da Thailand da Vietnam.
Waɗannan su ne cymbidium sinense, Cymbidium ensifolium, Cymbidium kanran, Cymbidium goeringii da kuma cymbidium faberi. Su, har ma da tsire-tsire iri-iri da aka samo daga gare su, suna da furanni masu launuka masu tsada da kyawawan launuka fiye da yawancin cymbidiums na matasan.
Mafi yawan nau'ikan halitta na yau da kullun ana iya samun su a cikin shagunan:
| Cymbidium Kadan | babban inji mai fure mai ganye tare da ganye har zuwa santimita 70 da tsayin daka da tsinkayen fure ya kai mita a tsawon. Manyan furanni masu launin furanni tare da farin lebe wanda aka yi wa ado da jan tabo suna jan hankalin su da launinsu na yau da kullun don orchids |
| Cymbidium aloe | nau'in matsakaici mai tsayi tare da tsattsarkan dutsen da ke da kusan 30-40 santimita tsayi da ƙananan ƙirar siffa-mai siffar kwai. Furanni kusan santimita 4 a diamita, densely rufe peduncle, fentin a cikin launi mai launin rawaya-rawaya, lebe da kwalliyar filayen fure - tubali ja. |
| Cymbidium lanceolate | wani karamin kallo. Plantasa mai shuka tare da tsayin daka mai tsayi har zuwa santimita 40. Furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi, labanin shunayya mai gudana a tsakiyar filayen kayana. Lebe fari ne, an rufe shi da duhu launin shuɗi da ratsi |
| Cymbidium dwarf | ƙaramin epiphytic orchid tare da ganye mai kaifi mai kauri da furanni masu launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, da yawa yana rufe ɗakunan santimita 25-30. Lebe yayi fari tare da jan launi |
| Cymbidium ƙato | nau'in da ya dace da sunanta: tsawon wani kauri tsinkayen kafa ya kai santimita 60, kuma girman furanni ya kai santimita 10 - 10, amma, adadinsu a kan shuka ɗaya karami ne. Kayan fulawa masu launin ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa, lebe mai tsafi ne, mai walwala, an rufe shi da launuka masu launuka daban-daban da kuma ratsi a gaban madaukai |
| Cymbidium Eburneo | groundasafin ƙasa don alaasar Himalayas. Yin tsayayya da yanayin zafi. Peduncle har zuwa tsawon mita yana ɗaukar manyan furanni masu fure, 12-santimita tare da daskararrun hauren giwa da katako mai girma |
Lokacin furanni daban-daban na halittu da kuma nau'ikan halittar da aka kirkiro bisa tushensu sun sha bamban sosai, amma galibi cymbidiums na girma ne daga Janairu zuwa Yuni. Kasance da tsirrai bisa ga lokacin fure, zaku iya jin daɗin orchids a gida don mafi yawan shekara.
Siffar da ta fado kusa da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta da jinsunan sun fi dacewa da ƙulla, a ƙarƙashin nauyin furanni, za su iya karya ko kifar da tukunyar tare da shuka.
Kulawar Orchid a Gida
Cymbidium, kamar kowane orchid, yana buƙatar kulawa ta gida. Kula da orchid ba abu bane mai sauki. Kirkiro madaidaicin microclimate yana taka wata rawa daban a nan.
Zazzabi da Haske
Yawancin cymbidiums na gida don haɓaka aiki da fure yana buƙatar raguwar zazzabi mai mahimmanci yayin rana: yayin rana ya kamata yawan zafin jiki ya kasance, + digiri 25-30, kuma da dare - + digiri 15-20. A wannan lokacin, suna jin mafi kyawun a waje.
A cikin kaka da hunturu, suna buƙatar lokacin hutawa - ruwa ya zama ƙasa da yawa, kuma zazzabi ya ragu zuwa + 10-12 digiri. Tsohon pseudobulbs a wannan lokacin a hankali bushe fita, sabõda haka, bayan farkawa, da tsire-tsire maye gurbinsu sababbi.
Wasu nau'in suna jin mafi kyawun shekara.. Ya kamata a kiyaye su a digiri + 16-20 a duk shekara. Amma suna kuma buƙatar yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun.
Cymbidiums hotuna ne masu daukar hoto, amma hasken rana kai tsaye na iya haifar da ƙonewa a cikin ganyayyaki, musamman ma lokacin bazara, lokacin da shuka bai saba da rana mai haske ba. Don haka, ya fi kyau a sanya su a windows ko arewa ko yamma, ko kuma a rufe su da tulle da rana.
Sakamakon ƙonewa, duhu duhu ya bayyana a ganyen orchidsHybrids, musamman ma dwarf, suna ƙarancin buƙata akan microclimate na cikin gida.
Watse, fesawa, kayan miya
A lokacin girma da fure, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yawan ruwa. Zai fi kyau sanya tukunya cikin ruwa mai laushi mai laushi na couplean awanni biyu, da barin mai zuwa jiƙa, kuma kada a jira shi ya bushe gaba ɗaya tsakanin ruwa. A lokacin da bayan fure, ana rage ruwa.
Hakanan a cikin lokacin girma girma, da shuka ya kamata a fesa biyu zuwa sau uku a ranaƙoƙarin kada su faɗi akan furanni. A hutawa, ba a buƙatar fesa ruwa, amma ya kamata a kula da isasshen zafi a cikin ɗakin ta hanyar sanya kwantena tare da yumɓu mai yumɓu ko ganshin danshi kusa da tukwane.
Hakanan Wajibi ne a goge ganyen ciyayin daga lokaci zuwa lokaci Daga turɓayar da take sauka a kansu.
A lokacin haɓaka aiki, cymbidium ciyar da sau ɗaya kowace makonni biyulokacin shayar da maganin takin mai magani na ruwa domin orchids ko kuma wani rauni mai maganin kwari tsuntsu. Lokacin da ya yi fure, ba a bukatar takin zamani.
Tukunya, ƙasa da substrate
Cymbidium yana da tushe mai tsayi, mai rassa wanda ya karye sauƙaƙe tare da kowane damuwa na injiniya. Tukunyar don wannan orchid yakamata ta yi tsayita yadda za su iya zama a ciki cikin yardar rai, alhali kuwa ba lallai ba ne a gareta.
Lokacin yin ƙasa da hannunka, yi la'akari da bukatun orchid ɗinkaDaban-daban nau'in wasan kwaikwayon na cymbidium daban-daban bukatun kasar. Abubuwan tsire-tsire na Epiphytic suna buƙatar sauƙin haske na haushi na itace da sphagnum; nau'in lithophytic na buƙatar ƙaramin dutse tare da babban abun ciki na ƙananan pebbles.
Don mafi girma na numfashi, ana iya ƙara tsakuwa ko kuma kumfa kwalliyar kwalliya.
Ta yaya kuma lokacin da za'a dashi dashi: lokacin da akayi kwayar cutar dashi
Cymbidium bai yarda da dasawa da kyau ba, don haka kada a dame shi sau da yawa fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru uku. Idan shuka yana da lafiya kuma baya buƙatar maye gurbin ƙasa da gaggawa, zai fi kyau a jira lokaci bayan fure.
Juyawa ba tare da dalili ba yana cutar da CymbidiumZaɓin sabon tukunya, wanda ya kamata ya fi girma girma fiye da tsohon, kuna buƙatar a hankali, ba tare da lalata Tushen ba, cire shuka daga tsohuwar ganga, kurkura tushen tushe, cire matattun da bushe bushe, kuma, ba tare da tamping ba, ku rufe shi da sabuwar ƙasa.
Bayan dasawa, shuka bai kamata a shayar da shi nan da nan ba Domin guje wa lalata, ya kamata ka jira 'yan kwanaki.
Cutar da cututtukan fata
Kamar sauran orchids, cymbidiums na iya lalacewa ta hanyar launin toka da launin ruwan kasa. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan yakan faru ne lokacin da aka keta dokar zazzabi. M furfuran launin toka ko na ruwa mai launin shuɗi suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, mai tushe da farfajiya na shuka, lalata kyallen takarda, lalata sojojin da haifar da mutuwa ba tare da magani ba. Abin da ya sa bai kamata a yi jinkiri ba a cikin kowane yanayi.
Lokacin da rot ya bayyana, an yanke wuraren lalacewa kuma yana da foda tare da mahimmancin ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, ana kula da shuka tare da fungicides.
Hakanan, cymbidium wani lokaci ana kaiwa parasites hari: gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, gizo-gizo, aphid, fararen fata da sauran su. Lokacin sayen shuka a cikin shagon fure, akwai haɗari koyaushe cewa an cutar da kwari. Abokinsu, ƙanshi mai da daɗi, ba shi da haɗari a cikin kansa, amma yana tsoma baki tare da tsarin daukar hoto, yana raunana shuka.
Idan ana samun kwari a kan shuka, magani tare da acaricides da kwari, yin wanka sosai na sinus ɗin ganye ya zama dole. Yana da kyau a keɓe mai cutar da cutar a yayin jiyya.
Fiye da kullun fiye da sauran orchids cymbidium yana fama da cututtukan hoto. Mosaic na cymbidium yana bayyana ta lalacewa ta ganye da furanni, nika. Jiyya bata wanzu, dole ne a lalata shuka da ke da cuta.
Yadda ake kulawa idan cymbidium baya fure
Theaddamar da shinge na cymbidium yana faruwa ne kawai lokacin da aka samar da shuka tare da bambanci tsakanin yanayin rana da dare, in ba haka ba kawai basu ci gaba ba. Wannan kenan dalili na yau da kullun saboda rashin fure. Sabili da haka, a cikin lokacin dumi, yana da kyau a kiyaye shuka a cikin iska - a cikin lambu ko a baranda.
Bi ka'idojin kulawa mai sauƙi kuma cymbidium zai yi fure akai-akaiAcidity na ƙasa yana da tasirin gaske a kan saka shingeSabili da haka, mutane da yawa masu noman furanni, bayan bushewar tsohuwar ƙwayar, suna shayar da cymbidiums tare da raunin maganin sinadarin sulfuric ko takin acidifying, kamar Kislinka.
Wani dalilin da shuka ba zai yi fure ba ne pseudobulbs m. Tunda tsofaffin pseudobulbs sun mutu akan lokaci, kuma yara suna jefa maɓoran fure ne kawai a shekara ta ta uku ta rayuwa, wani lokacin kuma itace itace ba ta da pseudobulbs a shirye don fure.
Abinda yakamata ayi A a wannan yanayin, babu ƙarin matakan da ake bukatakawai jira.
M, tare da furanni masu daɗi, babba da ƙarami, haske mai tsayi da faɗi suna mamaye fuskokinsu da yawa. Sun fi buƙatun yanayin rayuwa fiye da furanni na gida da yawa, amma don kulawa suna kulawa da yawa tare da furanni, wanda za'a iya kwatanta shi da kadan.
