Poinsettia - Sarauniyar Sabuwar Shekara

Harshen Poinsettia (mafi kyawun euphorbia), ko Tauraruwar Kirsimeti Kwanan nan ya zama sanannen gidan shuka na hutu na hunturu. Kusan ƙarni biyu, “tauraron Kirsimeti” ya faranta mana rai da bayyanarsa a cikin gidan a Sabuwar Shekara da Kirsimeti. Hadisai masu alaƙa da wannan shuka sun zo mana daga Turai, amma yanzu waɗannan kyawawan suna bayyana da yawa a cikin shagunanmu a farkon hunturu. Wadannan tsire-tsire na cikin gida sun cancanci jin daɗin ƙaunar masu mallakar su, da farko don tsawon rai (yawancinsu suna rayuwa da riƙe riƙe roko na shekaru da yawa), unpretentiousness da asali ko kyawun kamanninsu. Wannan wace irin shuka ce?

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. Ine Janine Russell

Harshen PoinsettiaHarshen Latin Eupohorbia pulherrima, jama'a - Mafi kyawun euphorbia, Tauraruwar Kirsimeti. Evergreen shrub cikin dangin Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbia) 'yan asalin yanki mai zafi na Mexico da Amurka ta Tsakiya.

Mafi kyawun euphorbia ko poinsettia - An ba shi sunan Star ta Baitalami don girmamawa ga cewa ta mamaye launuka masu kyau a Kirsimeti Katolika. Ya na da haske mai haske kore manyan ganye, ganye dake ƙarƙashin inflorescences a wasu nau'ikan launuka ne mai haske, a cikin wasu ruwan hoda ko fari, furanni kansu ƙanana ne.

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. © Ken Frederick

Shaƙa har zuwa tsayi 1.2-3; tushe mai sauki ne kuma yin salo; rassan kauri ne da kauri. Ganyen yana daɗaɗɗu, a zube a gindi, aka nuna shi a cikin kolin, ƙwanƙolin ƙyallen, ƙyallen ko inzali. Ana tattara furanni a cikin nau'i na rosettes; kananan furannin fure. Bracts densely located a saman harbe, lanceolate, duka-ja ko notched-lobed, mai haske jini-ja (ƙirƙirar adorativeness ga shuka). Sosai kayan ado na shuka.

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. La Martin LaBar

Kalandar aiki

Afrilu-Mayu. Poinsettia ana dasa shi a shekara a cikin bazara (yawanci a watan Afrilu-Mayu). A watan Maris, an yanke 1/3 na mai tushe (barin 3-5 daga cikin mafi ƙarfi a cikin tushe) kuma a saka poinsettia akan taga rana a cikin ɗakin dumi. Shayar da dan kadan mai tsanani ruwa. Lokacin da ganye ya bayyana, ana dasa tsire a cikin tukunya, wanda ya fi girma fiye da na baya. Amfani da ɗan ɗan kwalin shine ɗan acidic (pH kusan 6). Ana iya haɗa shi da yumɓun da yumɓu, ganye, ciyawar peat da yashi a cikin rabo na 3: 2: 1: 1. Ana buƙatar malalewa mai kyau. Bayan dasawa, an sanya shuka a cikin wani wuri mai dumi (kamar 20 ° C) kuma yana fara zama ana shayar da ruwa da yaduwa. Nan da nan sabbin harbe-harbe za su fara bayyana a dajin; 'yan kaɗan (5-6 mafi ƙarfi) harbe ya kamata a bar su, sauran kuma a cire. Za a iya amfani da harberanan da aka yanke kamar itace don yaduwar shuka.

Yuni-watan agusta. Irin wannan madara na buƙatar wuri mai amfani da rana, amma a lokacin rani a lokacin mafi yawan lokutan zafi yana buƙatar shading. Ana shayar da yalwa a lokacin rani, kamar yadda babban Layer na substrate ta bushe.

Satumba. Daga ƙarshen Satumba ya wajaba don yin tsayayya da yanayin yin shuka: ya kamata a aiwatar da poinsettia a cikin duhu 12-14 a rana. Kuna iya rufe poinsettia tare da jakar filastik mai duhu kuma cire shi da safe, ko kuma zaku iya sanya tukunyar a cikin wuri mai duhu. Yi wannan don makonni 8, sannan dawo da poinsettia zuwa kulawa ta al'ada.

Janairu-Maris. Lokacin tashi.

Fabrairu. Bayan fure, poinsettia an jefa da yawa, amma idan ana so (idan kuna da enviable haƙuri da juriya) ana iya sanya shi yin fure fiye da sau ɗaya. Rage ruwa a hankali a hankali lokacin da ganyayyaki suka faɗi, an yanke duk mai tushe a tsayin 10-12 cm daga ƙasa. An tsabtace tukunya a cikin duhu mai sanyi kuma ba a shayar da shi, lokacin hutawa ya shigo. Wajibi ne ga shuka su huta kuma a cikin shekara sake.

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star.

Yanayin girma

Propagated da apical kara cuttings a lokacin rani. Ya kamata a yanka yankan cut a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi daga ruwan 'ya'yan milk, a bushe a cikin iska, a yayyafa yanka a kan mahaifiyar shuka da gawayi. Tushen a cikin yashi ko cakuda peat tare da yashi a zazzabi na + 20-24. C da girman zafi.

Poinsettia yana da lokacin da ake faɗi na dormant. Lokacin da ganyayyaki suka faɗi, yanke da mai tushe 10 cm sama da matakin ƙasa kuma sanya tukunya a cikin wuri mai sanyi, inuwa. A wannan lokaci, yana da mahimmanci don iyakance yawan ruwa. Amma a farkon watan Mayu, an dasa itaciyar cikin tukunyar da ta fi girma kuma ana fara sha har sai harbe ya bayyana. An cire ƙarin harbe-harbe, yana barin kawai 3-4 na mafi ƙarfi. Hakanan a ciyar a kai a kai. Tun ƙarshen Satumba yana da mahimmanci don kula da yanayin hasken.

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. © Luigi Strano

Kulawa

Zazzabi: Matsakaici a cikin bazara ana ajiye su a 20-25 ° C. A cikin hunturu, lokacin hutawa a zazzabi na kimanin 16 ° C, aƙalla a kalla 10-12 ° C. Haske: Haske mai haske a lokacin hunturu da kuma bazara. Milkweeds suna son haske mai yawa, amma suna buƙatar saba da rana ta kai tsaye a lokacin bazara da bazara, saboda babu ƙonewar da ta rage. Mafi kyawun wurin madara shine windowsill na kudu ko kudu maso gabas taga. Tabbatar cewa akwai wadataccen haske a cikin hunturu.

Watering: Matsakaici a cikin bazara da bazara, kimanin sau biyu a mako, an rage a cikin kaka, kuma a cikin hunturu - da wuya sosai tare da abun ciki mai sanyi. Dabbobi masu dacewa, alal misali, ana shayar da su kusan sau ɗaya a wata a cikin hunturu. Ana amfani da ruwa don ban ruwa mai laushi, zazzabi daki. A lokacin girma da fure, kasar gona a cikin milkweed bai kamata ya bushe gaba ɗaya ba.

Taki: A lokacin girma da fure, ana ciyar dasu da takin zamani na musamman don tsirrai na cikin gida, kayan miya a kowane sati biyu. Ga nau'in furanni na nono na ciyayi, ana amfani da takin potash; na jinsin da ba na fure bane, za'a iya amfani da takin zamani domin cacti. Haushi: Milkweed yana tsayayya da iska mai bushewa, amma fesa kullun tare da ruwan dumi yana da amfani sosai.

Dasawa: Ilasa - 1 ɓangare na turf, 1 ɓangare na ganye, 1 yanki na ƙasar peat, 1 ɓangaren yashi da kwakwalwan tubali. Matasa tsire suna dasawa a shekara ko kuma shekara guda, tsofaffin - bayan shekara biyu ko uku.

Manyan miya na yau da kullun. Ya kamata a ciyar da kowane mako 2 daga bazara zuwa kaka tare da cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai na maida hankali. A lokacin girma da lokacin furanni, ana ciyar dashi da takin ta musamman don tsirrai na cikin gida duk sati biyu. Don nau'in fure, ana amfani da takin potash; na jinsin da ba na fure bane, za'a iya amfani da takin don cacti.

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. Ick Rick Brown

Yawan tsiro, tsawon rai a wuri guda, juriya sanyi.

Ana amfani da yankan don yaduwa. Yanke itace tare da 4-5 internodes, cire ƙananan ganye kuma sanya shi na mintina 15-20 a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi sosai. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, ruwan 'ya'yan lemar za su rufe jirgin, kuma ciyawar, wataƙila, ba za ta sami tushe ba. Sa'an nan ana sanya peran a cikin cakuda cakuda da yashi da peat, an zurfafa sosai kuma an rufe shi da fim, kuma an saita shi a cikin wani wurin dumi (har zuwa 24 ° C). Hakanan za'a iya samo shi a cikin jita-jita na opaque a cikin ruwa bayyanannu.

Bayan dasawa, ana dasa shukar matasa a cikin ƙasa mai daɗin haɓaka wanda ya ƙunshi daidai sassan ganye, ƙasa mai laushi, peat da yashi. A cikin tukunya suna yin magudanar kyau. Zai fi dacewa a shuka tsire-tsire 3-5 a cikin tukunya ɗaya don samun kyawawan daji. Don haka, ba tare da ƙoƙari mai yawa ba, a cikin hunturu zaku iya samun naku girkin da ya haskaka "taurarin Kirsimeti".

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. Ac jacinta lluch valero

Cutar da kwari.

Tsutsotsi, rufe ganye tare da dew zuma, yi babban lahani ga shuka.

Saboda matsanancin ruwa na kasar gona ko karancin ruwa, bushewar ganye ko ma faɗuwa zai iya faruwa.

Ganyayyaki na bazata ba zato ba tsammani ba tare da alamun bushewa a cikin daftarin ko lokacin da aka fallasa shi da ƙarancin zafin jiki.

Tare da isasshen hasken wuta, ganye sukan bushe kuma suka faɗi.

Tare da iska mai zafi da bushe sosai a cikin ɗakin, gefuna na ganye ya juya launin rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa, inflorescences sun faɗi a kashe.

Yellowing da bushewa da ganyayyaki har ma da mutuwar shuka alama ce ta lalacewa ta hanyar gizo-gizo gizo.

Thrips sa bayyanar oblong wavy aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki da nadawa.

Dabbobi.

Akwai nau'ikan launuka masu launin ja, fari, ruwan hoda, apricot, braids biyu-tone.

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. E Anne Elliott

Poinsettia, Kirsimeti Star. Uro mai amfani

Abubuwan lura na sirri

Babu wani abu da ke faranta rai a lokacin sanyi lokacin sanyi, a lokacin da tsire-tsire suka yi kankanta, kamar kyawawan inflorescences na "tauraron Kirsimeti". Poinsettia cikakke ne wanda zai iya aiki azaman teburin ado, ko kuma shuka mai ado, wanda babu shakka zai fice daga sauran furanni na cikin gida a cikin hunturu. Ganin sau ɗaya wannan "mu'ujiza ta Kirsimeti" daga wani aboki akan Sabuwar Hauwa'u, sati mai zuwa sai ta ruga don siyan ta. Shekaru da yawa, poinsettia sun kasance masu faranta mana rai a kowace shekara ta Sabuwar Shekara.