Ofaya daga cikin tsire-tsire da aka shahara a cikin floriculture shine clematis, kuma a cikin waɗanda iska tana da fifikon da ba a yarda da ita ba, ba don komai ba ta kira shi Sarkin vines. Yawan yalwar furanni da launuka iri-iri yana barin babu shakka cewa wannan ya kasance bugun farauta.
Furen furannin Clematis yana ƙawata kowane zane mai faɗi. Clematis fure ne wanda ke haifar da jin daɗin jin daɗi da kuma coziness. Irin nau'ikan clematis na zamani suna ba ku damar shuka su a yankuna daban-daban na ƙasarmu.
Halin halittar Clematis (Clematis) nasa ne a cikin iyali Ranunculaceae (Ranunculaceae). Sunan halittar ya fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci klema, wacce ake ma'anar "hawa dutsen". Daga cikin sanannun sunaye (lozinka, warthog, da sauransu) a cikin Rasha, ana amfani da "clematis" mafi yawa.
Iri da nau'ikan clematis da hotunansu
Iri clematis sun bambanta sosai. Waɗannan ba kawai creepers bane, har ma da ciyawa da ciyayi. Yawancin nau'ikan sune clopers mai ban sha'awa, wanda ke hawan goyan baya, yana haɗuwa dashi da ganye na ganye. Tushen tsarin kuma ya bambanta: yana da pivotal ko fibrous.
Wadannan sune nau'ikan clematis tare da hotuna waɗanda ke nuna kyawun fure:
Clematis ya fara fitowa a cikin lambu a 1569 a Ingila. Sun fara shiga zabin a karni na 19, amma aiki mai karfi ya fara ne a karni na 20 kawai. Abin farin ciki ne a lura cewa masu shayarwa A.N. Volosenko-Valenis, M.A. Beskaravaynoy, M.I. Orlov, M.F. Sharonova, U. Ya Kivistik da sauransu sun kirkiro nau'ikan da aka haɗa cikin asusu na gwal ɗin wannan al'ada. Abin baƙin ciki ne kawai cewa waɗannan nau'ikan da nau'ikan clematis a yau sun zo mana mafi yawa daga wuraren kula da Yaren mutanen Holland da Poland. A halin yanzu, ana aiwatar da zaɓi mai aiki a cikin Poland, wanda ya gabatar mana da sababbin sababbin kayayyaki masu ban sha'awa.
Belowasan ƙasa akan wannan shafin duba dukkan clematis: iri da hotuna, zaɓi nau'in da ya dace da lambun kuma yayi girma da tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki.
Akwai har yanzu babu wani karɓaɓɓun rarrabewar Botanical na clematis. An rarrabasu cikin kungiyoyi bisa ga asalin nau'in halittar.
Yawancin nau'ikan da aka fi sani a cikin gidajen Aljannar su ne K. jacman (C. x jackmanii), K. violet (C. viticella), ulu (C. lanuginosa), daskarewa (C. patens), da kwararar ruwa (C. florida) )
A cikin aikin lambu, an yanke shawarar kwanan nan don rarraba clematis gwargwadon girman furen da nau'in kayan girbi. Ta hanyar girman fure, an rarraba nau'ikan zuwa kananan ƙananan-fure (har zuwa cm 5 a cm) da manyan-fure.
Cleungiyoyin 3 clematis datsa
Dangane da nau'in kulawa, ana rarraba tsire-tsire zuwa rukuni uku na clematis pruning. Nau'in girbi na farko ya haɗa da clematis, waɗanda basa datsa. Zuwa ta biyu - clematis, wanda, bayan farkon na fari, an yanke harbe iri na bara, kuma a cikin hunturu, ana yanke harbe harbe na shekara zuwa farkon ganye ko kuma a gajarta ta kusan kwata. Nau'in na uku ya haɗa da nau'in halitta da nau'ikan da aka yanke harbe-harbe gaba ɗaya ko hagu 15-20 cm sama da matakin ƙasa. Wannan nau'in ya hada da clematis tare da ciyawar ciyawa suna mutuwa a cikin hunturu, wanda aka cire.
Don haka, clematis da ɗan wasa na Jacquman suna cikin rukunin rukuni na uku, kuma clematis shine ulu, mai yaduwa da tuffayar rukuni na biyu. Clematis madaidaiciya (C. recta) shine herbaceous perennial, kuma a cikin hunturu ana cire harbe-harbe masu mutuwa. Don haka manyan rukuni na clematis an kafa su, wanda za'a iya girma akan rukuninsu.
Lokaci da lokacin fure na clematis
A tsakiyar Rasha, nau'ikan da suka yi fure a kan harbe na shekara ta yanzu ko ba sa buƙatar tsari don hunturu su yi girma da kyau. Zabi babban fure-fure mai cike da ruwa don lambun ku, fifiko yakamata a baiwa irin K. Jacqueman da K. Purple. Lokacin zabar iri-iri, yana da daraja la'akari da lokacin fure na clematis.
Iri da ke tsirowa a kan harbe harbe na bara ba koyaushe dace da yanayin mu ba. Kodayake wallafe-wallafen sun bayyana hanyoyin adana irin waɗannan nau'ikan, yana da matukar wahala a sami "mabuɗi" don tsari mai aminci. Idan haske ne sosai kuma yana da iska mai kyau, to, harbe-harbe sukan daskare a cikin hunturu. Idan tsari ne mai yawa, suka vypryvayut. Bugu da kari, yana da matukar wahalar cire shi ba tare da fasa shuka ba. Sabili da haka, daga wannan rukuni yana bada ma'ana don girma kawai waɗanda ire-iren waɗannan waɗanda suka girma profusely a kan harbe na shekara ta yanzu. A wannan yanayin, za'a iya datsa su, da kuma clematis na rukuni na uku.
Yawancin nau'ikan nau'in terry suna samar da fure na fure a cikin harbe na bara, kuma a kan harbe-harbe na shekara ta bana sun yi fure tare da furanni masu sauƙi, don haka da alama ba za ku sami fure biyu ba da kewayen gari, duk da tabbacin masu siyar.
Banda 'yan' yan shekaru ne kawai na zabin irin wannan "Multi Blue" ("Multi Blue") da "Blue Light" (Blue Light ")cewa Bloom tare da furanni biyu akan harbe na shekara na yanzu. Lokacin fure na clematis a wannan yanayin ya fi tsayi.
Mafi yawan launuka suna da manyan launuka iri-iri tare da launuka iri-iri. Su manyan furanni tare da shahararrun tsoffin matan suna sha'awar kyawun su. Yana da matukar wuya a zaɓi iri don shawarwarin.
Clematis kai tsaye da hoton sa
Clematis madaidaiciya (C. recta) - unpreentious tsaye ciyawa perenni 1.5-2 m high, bukata garter. Yana fure fure sosai, samar da farin “kumfa” na kananan furanni da aka tara cikin manyan inflorescences. Strongarfin ƙanshi mai daɗi da aka bayyana ba shi da asali a cikin dukkanin tsire-tsire.
Akwai f. saniya (f. kuma tare da matasa matasa foliage da mai tushe cewa juya kore lokacin da flowering.
Dubi Clematis kai tsaye a cikin hoto, wanda ke nuna alherin tsirran:
Clematis Fargezioides da hoton sa
Clematis Fargezioides (S. x fargesioides, syn. "Paul Farges", "Ba a lokacin bazara") - mai matukar iko tsayi (har zuwa 7 m high) itacen inabi da ba a sani ba. Yana blooms profusely daga Yuli zuwa Satumba a harbe na wannan shekara tare da kananan mau kirim furanni da cewa halitta mafarki na fadowa dusar ƙanƙara. Wasu marubutan sun lura da wari mai daɗi, musamman da yamma. Trimming kyauta.
Ana iya duba hotunan clematis fargezioides a wannan shafin:
Clematis duk mai ganye ne da hoton sa
Clematis (C. integrifolia) "Rosea" ("Rosea") - daji clematis tare da bakin ciki clinging harbe. Furannin furanni suna da launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi. Bayan fure, an yi wa daji ado da 'ya'yan itace mai laushi. Harbi 0.4-1 m tsawo.
"Hakuree" ("Hakuri") - da dama clematis duk-leaved (C. integrifolia), undersized (har zuwa 0.5 m high), unhanging shrub. Farin tare da kodadden kodadden rawaya mai ɓoye kuma tare da cibiyar wutan fitila mai haske, furanni masu launin kararrawa masu kyan gani suna da kyan gani saboda sean kututture masu ƙarfi. Yana fure daga Yuni zuwa Satumba.
Wadannan hotuna sune hotunan Clematis na dukkan ganye iri iri:
"Lambton Park" ("Lambton Park") - wani nau'in clematis tangutus (C. tangutica), wanda aka rarrabe ta da furanni mai launin rawaya mai haske, babba ga wannan rukunin. Yana blooms profusely daga marigayi Mayu - Yuni zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani. Daga baya, an yi wa shuka tsiro da kyawawan 'ya'yan itace na azurfa. Trimming kyauta. Dankin yana da tsayi 3.5-5.
"Purpurea Plena Elegans", syn. "Elegans Plena", "Andre" ("Manyan Kyauta Masu Kyauta"), - iri-iri na K. violet (C. viticella), bishiyar liana tare da tsayayyun harbe 2.5-3.5 m tsayi .. Terry jan furanni masu launin shudi mai matsakaicin girma a hankali. Blooms tsawo a cikin bazara a kan harbe na yanzu shekara.
"Rooguchi" ("Roguchi") - launuka iri-iri na K. mai cike da ganye (C. integrifolia), fure daga watan Yuni zuwa Satumba tare da kyawawan violet-blue "karrarawa" tare da gefuna masu juya haske. Tsirren tsiro na 1.5-2 m.
Clematis purple: iri da hotuna
Clematis mai haske yana da launi mai haske mai haske. Akwai ire-iren launuka iri-iri masu launin shunayya, a ƙasa yana ɗayansu.
Dubi furanni na clematis a cikin hoto kuma zaɓi nau'in da ya dace. Dukda cewa yana da daraja a duba cewa hoton clematis baya isar da kamshi wanda asalinsa ke fitowa.
"Savannah," syn. Eviopo032 (Savannah), - cultivar K. violet (C. viticella), hawa dutsen da ba'a sakawa ba. Yana blooms profusely tare da arziki rasberi-m drooping kararrawa-dimbin yawa bayyane furanni daga tsakiyar lokacin rani zuwa Satumba. Liana 1.5-2.5 m.
Hakanan muna bayar da ganin hoto na violetis violetis da kimanta bayyanar:
Lokacin furanni na iya zama mai haɓaka ta hanyar amfani da nau'in halitta da nau'ikan fure-fure na fure-fure, waɗanda wasu shuwagabannin botanists ke bambanta su a cikin aji daban na shugabanni (Atragene).
Mafi kyawun nau'ikan clematis don yankin Moscow
Ya kamata a zaɓi Clematis don karkara. Wadannan sune nau'ikan nau'ikan clematis na yankin na Moscow. Don haɓaka cikin yanayinmu, sun dace da nau'in Alpine (C. alpina), manyan-tsalle-tsalle (C. macropetala), nau'in Siberian (C. sibirica), wanda wasu masu ilimin botanists suke ɗaukarsu azaman nau'ikan nau'ikan Alpine, da kuma nau'in Okhotsky (C. ochotensis). Waɗannan sune ɓoyayyen reea withan itace da ke tsiro, mai ɗaukar hoto, a cikin watan Mayu-Yuni ta furanni masu ɗaukar fure-dimbin yawa. Kowane furanni kan bayyana sau da yawa a cikin bazara. Tsirrai-Hardy tsire-tsire, zaɓin su yana tsunduma cikin Kanada. Yanayin girma iri ɗaya ne da na sauran clematis. Ba su buƙatar yin kwalliyar shekara-shekara, kawai pruning na kwantar da hankali da kuma thinning na harbe a cikin manya bushes ne da za'ayi. Tabbas sun cancanci ƙarin rarrabuwa a cikin lambunan mu, saboda furannin '' haɓaka '' suna da laushi masu kyau.
Mafi kyawun nau'ikan clematis don yankin na Moscow sun haɗa da waɗannan tsiron:
"Mafarkin lemun tsami" ("Mafarkin Lemon") - wani iri-iri wanda ya fice tare da hasken lemun tsami-mai launin shuɗi na furanni, wanda, duk da haka, ya bushe. Ya na da manyan furanni masu launin furanni masu ƙyalƙyali masu yawa, waɗanda ke da ƙanshin innabi mai rauni. Tsarin Shuka 2-3 m.
Clematis "Markham's Pink" ("Markhams Pink") fure blousely tare da kyawawan Semi-rasberi-rasberi furanni. Liana har zuwa 2.5 m high.
"Zauren Haramar" - Waɗannan su ne mafi kyaun clematis ga yankin Moscow, Bloom profusely tare da Semi-biyu violet-blue kararrawa furanni. Itatuwan ya kai tsayin 2-2.5.
"Mafarkin Alkawari" ("Mafarkin Mafarki") - wani iri-iri ne tare da manyan furanni masu launin shuɗi-shunayya mai launin toka mai jujjuya “kaifi” mai ƙamshi kamar ɗan itacen innabi. Dankin yana da tsayi 2-3m.
Clematis "Rosie O'Grady" ("Rosie O'Grandi") blooms profusely ruwan hoda drooping "karrarawa". Liana 2-3 m high.
"Zobba na tsaunin Stolwijk" - nau'ikan farko tare da ganye rawaya mai launin shuɗi, tare da abin da fure mai launin shuɗi-shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Tsirren tsirrai 2-2.5 m.
Clematis "White Swan" ("White Swan") fure fure tare da farin, Semi-biyu, drooping furanni. Liana ya kai tsayin 2-3.
Clematis Jacquman
Clematis Jacquman (S. x jackmanii, syn. "Jackmanii") - ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan farko na bred a cikin karni na 19 ya ba da ƙungiyar gabaɗaya kuma har yanzu bai rasa shahararsa ba: ana ci gaba da girma a cikin lambuna kuma ana bayar da su a wuraren kiwon lafiya. Blooms sosai yalwa tare da shuɗi-masu launin shuɗi-masu launin shuɗi tare da bambancin rawaya masu launin shuɗi. Liana ya kai tsayin 3-4 m.
"Marharan de Bouchaud" ("Comtesse de Boucho") - wani nau'ikan Clematis tare da furanni masu launi Lilac-ruwan hoda, yalwata rufe daji. Tsarin Shuka 2-3 m.
"Crystal Fountain", syn. "Fairy Blue", "Evipo038" (Crystal Fontaine), - ɗayan fewan nau'ikan da suka samar da furanni "ninki biyu" a kan harbe na shekara ta yanzu. An bambanta furanni da launi mai laushi-lilac mai laushi. Tsawon itacen inabin shine 1.5-2.5 m.
Clematis Alpine da hoto
Clematis albin - duba hoto: yana da kyawawan furannin furanni masu launin shudi-shudi tare da zubin fure mai ƙyalli tare da dusar ƙanjamiyar duhu. Tsawon harbe har zuwa 2.5 m.
"Kawasaki Hagley" ("Hagley Hybrid") - har yanzu ɗayan mafi kyawun launuka masu ruwan hoda, daɗin tsabtataccen tsabtace clematis. Star mai siffa tare da gefuna wavy, lilac-pink tare da furanni masu launin lu'u-lu'u tare da anrah masu launin shuɗi masu kyau. Shuka 2-2.5 m.
Bayan haka zaku iya ganin hoto na clematis alpine:
Inabi na Clematis na Girlan mata
'Ya'yan tsirrai na' clematis 'an bambanta su da nau'ikan iri da iri tare da lokutan furanni daban-daban.
"Mazury" ("Mazury") - da dama clematis tare da gaske terry tsarkakakkun furanni masu haske tare da haske, wanda a farkon fure yana da kyakkyawan tsari na yau da kullun, kamar dai an yi shi ne da takarda nama. A waje na kewaye da petals ne kore kore. Fading, fure yana buɗewa mai yawa, yana bayyana pestles cream. Ana kuma amfani da kwatancen tare da takarda nama a lokacin ruwan sama, lokacin da furanni 'sag' suke. Liana 2-3 m high.
Clematis "Ministan" ("Ministan") yana da furanni tare da keɓaɓɓen kabarin tare da gefuna gefuna mai launin shuɗi-lavender tare da tsiri mai ruwan hoda. Itatuwan ya kai tsayin 2-2.5.
"Niobe" ("Niobe") - wani nau'ikan clematis tare da furanni masu launuka masu kauri na launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, wanda akan bambanta launin shuɗi. Shuka 2-2.5 m.
"PiilU", syn. "Duckling" ("Pielu"), - yalwar launuka daban-daban tare da furanni na fure mai ruwan hoda tare da ruwan hoda mai duhu mai ruwan hoda a gindin sepals, anthers mai rawaya mai haske. A bara na harbe, ya blooms tare da furanni Semi-biyu. Tsawon harbe-harbe shine 1.5-2 m.
Clematis "Pohjanael" ("Pyhyanael") yana da furanni na Lilac-violet tare da fitila mai haske mai haske a tsakiyar kabarin. Liana 2-2.5 m.
"Cardinal Cardinal" (Roinal Cardinal) - ɗayan mafi kyawun nau'in "ja" na clematis. Furanni suna cike da jan-purple tare da sabanin farin anwar. Tsawon harbe har zuwa 3 m.
"Romantika" ("Kalaman soyayya") - mai matukar iko (2.5-3 m high) unpreentious sa na clematis. Fuskar farar-baƙar fata mai ruwan-baki tare da idanu mai rawaya mai raɗaɗin rufe ganyen.
Clematis "Valge Daam" (Valge Daam ") tare da farin furanni tare da haske mai haske, wanda a ƙarshen fure ya zama dusar ƙanƙara-fari. Anthers na launin ruwan kasa. Tsawon harbe har zuwa 2 m.
"Stasik" ("Stasik") - Na gida undersized iri-iri Clematis, captivating tare da tauraruwa-dimbin yawa karammiski ruwan inabi-ja furanni. Wasu daga cikin "ƙwararrun" mu sun yi rikodin shi a cikin nau'in Yaren mutanen Poland. Liana karami ne, 1-1.5 m.
Roko-Kolla (Roko-Kolla) an bambanta shi da launi mai saukin ganewa. tare da fararen furanni tare da kore ratsi.
"Teksa" ("Texa") tare da furanni kamar an yi shi da denim.
"Wada's Primrose", syn. "Sarauniya Sarauniya" (Wadas Primrose), tare da furanni masu rawaya mai haske.
Mutane da yawa undeservedly watsi da kananan-flowered clematis, waxanda suke da bambancin da kuma m. Wasu daga cikinsu sun sami damar rufe babban yanki, wasu kuma za su iya shiga cikin sauƙi, inda ba za su “jawo” hankalin kansu ga kansu ba, kuma kyawawan furanninsu zasuyi kyakkyawar haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran tsirrai. Zabi wani tsayi karamin-flowered iri-iri, kar ka manta game da hunturu hardiness kuma dasa irin wadannan iri wannan hunturu ba tare da tsari. Zaɓin anan ma yana da bambancin gaske kuma ya fi gaban dangin da aka lissafa a sama.
