Yankin dasa shuki da kulawa da kayan kwalliyar Jafananci a bayan gari

Jafananci Jafananci shine ɗan itace daga asalin Genelos na dangin Rosaceae. Da farko, wannan shuka ya girma a cikin ƙasashe na gabashin Asiya. Wannan nau'in Quince yana da kyau sosai, saboda kamanninsa na ado, Quincewan Jafananci ya bazu zuwa ƙasashe na duniya, gami da dasa shuki a Yankin Moscow yana yiwuwa tare da kulawa da ta dace.

Shin zai yiwu a dasa shuki na Jafananci a cikin gari?

Kodayake wannan gajeren daji ya zo kasarmu ne daga Gabas, amma zai iya ɗauka daidai a tsakiyar tsakiyar na kasarmu, har ma da kewayen birni da yankuna kusa da shi.

Masu shayarwa sunyi aiki mai kyau wajen haɓaka ire-ire na wannan shukar da zata iya bada ingantacciyar hanya, ba zai iya ƙaya a kan harbe.

Gabaɗaya, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan Quince 480 na Jafananci a cikin duniya, amma mafi yawan waɗannan nau'ikan ba su da tsayayya mai tsananin sanyi. Saboda haka, a cikin ƙasarmu, waɗannan nau'ikan ba su horar da su ba.

Amma har yanzu akwai wasu nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda ke iya yin maganin sanyi a yankuna na tsakiya da yanayin yankin Moscow. Haka kuma, kiran dajin wata 'yar kasar Jafanawa, a zahiri, masu sayayya suna fuskantar nau'ikan nau'ikan bishiyoyi iri daban-daban guda biyu.

Bayanin Shigar

Kudin Jafananci shine Genomeles na Jafananci.

Bushes mai tsayi na iya kaiwa 2.5 - 3 mita. Canjin ganye yana canza launin launi tare da shekaru: bishiyoyi matasa suna da inuwa na tagulla na ganye, amma tsohuwar itaciyar, da ganyayyaki yakan zama.

Furen 'ya'yan itacen Quince suna da yawa (kimanin 4.5 - 5 cm), na launin ja, a cikin yanayin Yankin Moscow suna bayyana akan harbe kafin farkon farawa. Ya kamata a lura da cikakkun bayanai masu ban sha'awa masu zuwa: buds fara zuwa Bloom unevenly, kuma dazuzzuka na daji sama da wata guda.

Kwayoyin farko sun bayyana a Henomeles a farkon shekarun Mayu. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na ɗanɗano suna cinyewa, launinsu yana rawaya, mai haske,' ya'yan itaciya mai ɗimbin yawa a diamita sun kai 5.5 - 6 cm.

Wannan nau'in iri ne wanda aka yi niyya don narkar da yanayin yanayi na Yankin Moscow, har ma da Yammacin Turai da Gabas Siber, saboda yanayin sanyi ne mai tsananin ƙarfi.

Shege shuki bai rufe ba, ko da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya ragu zuwa -28 -30 digiri. Gaskiya ne, kodan na sama na iya wahala daga irin wannan sanyi, amma Quince kanta ba zai sha wahala gaba ɗaya.

Harbe wannan bishiyar girma a hankali, don lokacin da za su iya girma ta hanyar 4 - 5 cm. Bushes suna yaduwa daga zuriyar tushe, tsaba, sakawa ko yan itace.

A cikin zane-zanen ƙasa, ana amfani da quinan Japan azaman shinge, ana amfani dasu a cikin shuka guda ɗaya ko rukuni.

Shahararrun nau'ikan wannan shuki suna Papel, Gaillardi, Malardi, Cameo.

Saukowa

Yaushe dasa a bude ƙasa?

Seedlings wannan bishiyar galibi ana shuka su ne a cikin bazara. Lokacin da ƙasa ta yi ɗumi zuwa zazzabi mai nauyin 14-16 (a cikin yanayin Yankin Moscow - bayan shekaru goma na uku na Afrilu), yana yiwuwa a dasa shuki a kan sassan da aka shirya a gaba.

Dokokin saukarwa

Fara farautan lambu sau da yawa suna shuka tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa da bishiyoyi a shafin, ba tambayar yadda za a shuka su ba da kuma yadda za a kula da su daga baya. Sabili da haka, waɗannan tsire-tsire ba sa girma sosai, sun ƙi ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace da fure, kuma lambu suna ƙoƙarin fahimtar dalilin da yasa tsire-tsire ke da rauni.

Jafananci daji Quince, ko da yake yana da quite unpretentious, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar hanya ta musamman don bude dasa da wasu ayyukan aikin gona a cikin shekaru bin dasa.

Wannan shuka tana da sauƙin yaduwa, sabili da haka, lokacin da aka dasa shuki na farko, za a sami ƙarin sauƙi Henomeles ko'ina cikin shafin, idan masu su na so.

Tushen Quince yana girma ƙasa, don haka dasawa a gaba shine wanda ba a ke so

Ya biyo baya zabi wuriinda ciyawar zata yi girma. Tushen Quince abu mai mahimmanci ne a hankali kuma yana zurfin ƙasa. A saboda wannan dalili, sake dasa shukar itace abu ne wanda ba a son sa.

Wurin saukowa dole ne ya cika waɗannan buƙatu:

• a yi haske sosai;
• kariya daga iska mai sanyi;
• kasar gona na iya zama wani abu, kawai peat da takin mai magani ba bisa tushen ba zai iya tsayawa ba;
• acidity na ƙasa - ƙasa da 6 pH.

Kwalaye don saukowa da Genomeles suna buƙatar a haƙa shi da nisa 1.5 m baya. Amma wanda ya isa ya kuma yin la'akari da abin da kambi na waɗannan bushes zai kasance - mafi girma shi ne, ya fi girma su seedlings ya kamata a dasa a mafi nisa.

Kasar gona

Soilasa don dasa yawanci dafa shi a cikin bazara. Dukkanin ciyawa ya kamata a cire su a shafin, ya kamata a warwatsa abubuwan da ke gaba kamar haka (an ba da doka ta 1 m2): 1 ɓangaren yashi, kilogiram 10 na humus, 2 tbsp. tablespoons na phosphate taki. Da takin mai magani ya warwatse ko'ina cikin shafin a cikin kwano. Sannan ku ciyar da kaka na tono shafin.

Idan acidity a kan shafin ya yi yawa sosai, to ga abubuwanda aka sanya a sama waɗanda aka gabatar da su cikin ƙasa, ya kamata ku ƙara laban na lemun tsami mai kwatancen ko daidai adadin lemun tsami.

Zabin seedlings

Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da seedlings girma

Don dasa shuki, ya fi kyau ɗauka adalci balagagge seedlings (sama da shekara 1.5). Yawancin lokaci ana sayar da ƙananan tsire-tsire tare da tsarin tushen rufaffiyar, don haka lokacin da dasa tushen tushensu kusan ba'a lalace ba, kuma Quince Jafananci yana ɗaukar tushe cikin sauri.

Girman ramin saitin ya zama kamar haka: a cikin radius 25 cm, kuma zurfi - 80 cm.

Saukowa

Tsarin ƙasa shine kamar haka:

1. A cikin ramin saukarwa da farko yi barci cakuda abinci mai gina jiki, ya kunshi kilogiram 10 na humus, 500 g na ash da 300 g na phosphate taki.
2. Sama cakuda an rufe shi da wani yanki na duniya (7-8 cm lokacin farin ciki).
3. An sanya seedling a hankali a cikin rami domin tushen wuyan ya kasance a matakin ƙasa.
4. Sannan cika ramin da ƙasa zuwa matakin kasa.
5. A ƙarƙashin kowane daji, lita 10 na ruwa ya kamata a ƙara.

Kulawar bazara

Lokacin bazara ya biyo baya free Quince harbe daga tsari. A cikin shekaru biyu na farko, daji ba ya buƙatar ƙarin hadi, amma a shekara ta uku, ya kamata a yi amfani da kwalliyar 1.5 na taki ammonia a ƙarƙashin kowane daji.

Hakanan, har zuwa lokacin da buds zasu fara yin fure akan harbe, an yanke ciyawar bushes - suna cire duk rassan da suka daskarewa lokacin hunturu, harma da bushewa ko ya karye.

Bushes kusan ba su lalacewa ta hanyar kwari kuma kada ku sha wahala daga cututtuka, sabili da haka, m spraying na harbe mafi yawa ana ba da za'ayi.

Kulawar kaka

A cikin bazara, bayan an girbe, ya kamata a shafa takin mai magani na phosphate a kowane ciyaman. Kazalika datsa ciyayi, idan ya cancanta.

A cikin yanayin Yankin Yankin Moscow, busheshen farauta na manya yawanci ba sa rufe don hunturu, amma ya kamata a kula da ƙananan seedlings - farkon 'yan shekaru bayan dasa shuki a ƙarshen kaka, an rufe bushes da rassan spruce kuma an rufe su da akwatunan katako ko filastik saman. Ana iya rufe saman da ganye ko fure ko fure.

Daidai daidaitawa

Tsarin Yankin Jafananci na Jafananci

Yin forming Genomeles fara da za'ayi daga kakar ta huɗu, tunda kawai a wannan lokacin harbe a bushes fara reshe. Yanke harbe da ke girma a cikin daji, harbe masu wuce haddi suna girma daga asalinsu, suna barin a kowace shekara sama da matasa 3 mai tushe. Hakanan kuma ana yin asara mai tushe wanda ke girma a kasa.

Anti-tsufa pruning na Quince fara da za'ayi a bushes, waxanda suke da shekaru 8 - 9 years old.

Cire duk rassan mai rauni da na bakin ciki, barin a daji babu fi 10 harbe. Lokacin aiwatar da pruning, ya kamata a bar rassan matasa masu adalci (4 years); ya kamata a cire harbe tsofaffin.

Jafananci Jafananci kyakkyawan itace ne na ornamental shrub, wanda shima yana bada 'ya'yan itace masu dadi da lafiya. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, zai iya girma a wuri guda har zuwa shekaru 35 - 40, da gamsuwa tare da fure da amfanin gona mai kyau.