Weigela - nau'ikan da namo

Weigela (Weigela) - tsarin kwayar halitta na bishiyoyi na gidan zuma. A yanayi, akwai kusan nau'ikan 15 na wadannan tsirrai; sun fi girma a Gabas da Kudu maso Gabas Asiya. A cikin Rasha, a kudu maso gabashin gabas, akwai nau'ikan uku: Weigela da wuri (Weigela praecox), Weigel Middendorff (Weigela middendorffiana) da Weigela dadi (Weigela suavis).

Kare Wigela (Weigela florida).

A cikin al'ada, kamar yadda yake faruwa koyaushe, waɗannan tsire-tsire sun fara yadawa daga Yammacin Turai, inda suka bayyana a ƙarshen karni na 19 kuma sun sami sunan su ta girmamawa ga malamin Jamusanci na ilimin kimiyyar sunadarai da Botany von Weigel (1748-1831). Tun daga wannan lokacin, Weigels sun sami sanannen shahara tare da mashigar Yammacin Turai.

Sau biyu a shekara - daga tsakiyar Mayu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni kuma daga ƙarshen watan Agusta zuwa ƙarshen Satumba - weigels suna gudana tare da furanni. Tabbas, maimaita fure ba kamar lush ba kamar yadda yake a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da aka rufe daji gaba ɗaya da launin shuɗi, ruwan hoda, cream, fari ko furanni masu launin shuɗi. Haka kuma, launi yana canzawa: sabbin furanni da aka buɗe sun kasance kodadde, amma sannu-sannu suna zama mai haske.

Weigela.

Weigela dasa

Weigela fi son wuraren da ke da rana ko kuma inuwa mai rauni. Iska za ta iya lalata furanni da ganyayyaki cikin sauƙi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar zaɓar wuraren da ba shi da kariya.

Zai fi kyau shuka Weigel a cikin bazara, ta amfani da seedlings mai shekaru uku. Nisa tsakanin bushes ɗin yakamata ya zama akalla 1.5-2 m, zai fi dacewa da 2.5-3 m.Ta ba a binne wuyan tushe, ya bar ta a matakin ƙasa. Zurfin da zurfin ramin dasawa shine cm 50. A lokacin dasa shuki, seedlings suna kazamar tushe, da yawa suna mutuwa. Sabili da haka, idan kun sayi tsire-tsire a cikin bazara, kafin bazara ya fi kyau su yi ta tono su a cikin karkatacciyar wuri, rufe mafi yawan kambi tare da ƙasa.

Weigela yayi girma da kyau a kan m, ƙasa sako-sako, amma ba ya yi haƙuri waterlogging. Haɗin ƙasa yana kunshe da humus ko ƙasa mai ganye, yashi da ciyawar ƙasan (2: 2: 1). Dole ne a saka magudana a kasan ramin sauko - yashi da tsakuwa tare da faɗin 15 cm.

Kulawar Weigela

A kasar gona a kusa-kara da'irar shuka ya kamata ko da yaushe sako-sako. Sabili da haka, bayan kowace ruwa da kuma lokacin weeding, an kwance ƙasa ta 5 cm cm 6. Don sauƙaƙe wannan aikin yau da kullun, za a iya mulkar da'irar tare da ɗanɗano ko peat, kauri Layer ɗin ya kai 10 cm.

Idan hunturu ba dusar ƙanƙara ba kuma harbe-harbe sunyi sanyi sosai, a lokacin bazara ana shayar da tsire-tsire sosai (lita 8 a kowane daji). Ana buƙatar iri guda a cikin yanayin zafi, bushewa.

A farkon bazara, har ma a dusar ƙanƙara, suna yin cikakken ma'adinan ma'adinai: urea, superphosphate, gishiri gishiri (20, 10 da 10 g / m2). Lokacin da aka kafa fure fure, an ciyar da weigela a karo na biyu tare da superphosphate na biyu da potassium sulfate (30 g a daji ko 1 sq M). Bayan miya, dole ne a shayar da tsire-tsire sosai.

Kowace shekara a cikin bazara, ana cire harbe harbe da sanyi daga weigel. Ana yin rigakafin tsufa a cikin kowace shekara 2-3, cire tsoffin harbe. Mafi kyawun lokacin don pruning shine nan da nan bayan fure. Saboda haka shuka shuka da kyau, matasa harbe suna taqaitaccen da rabin tsawon.

Yaren mutanen Koriya Weigela (Weigela coraeensis).

Sake bugun Weigela

Tsaba

Tsaba riƙe kyakkyawan germination har shekara guda. Sowing ne da za'ayi a cikin bazara ba tare da na farko shiri na tsaba. Kuna iya shuka gidaje a cikin tukwane ta hanyar rufe su da fim ko gilashi. Abun harbi yana da fara'a. Bayan bayyanar ganye na biyu na ganyayyaki, seedlingsan itacen ya nutse. Amintattun albarkatun gona masu duhu ne. Shekarun annualawan farko na farkon Weigela suna da tushe guda ɗaya, yana kaiwa tsawo 6-7 cm yana da ganye biyu, fure da apical buds. Cotyledons sun fadi a farkon Satumba. Sanyi baya reshe. Girman daskararre shine tushen 3-5 cm Don girma, ana bada shawara don cire kwalaye a gonar a bazara kuma sanya su a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi tare da kambi mai ƙyalli. Seedaƙarin shekaru biyu na 40-5 cm tsayi. Tsarin dawakai mai ban tsoro yana tsiro sama da kasa. Fulawa yana farawa daga shekaru 4. A cikin duka weigel, daji yayi girma saboda tillering daga tushen wuya. A wasu tsire-tsire, an lura da bayyanar yawan harbe-harbe. Tsaba da aka tara daga siffofin lambu da kuma hybrids suna haifar da iri mai yawa. Saboda haka, iri ne mafi kyawun yaduwa akan ganye: hunturu da damuna. Green cuttings ne mafi kyau yi a tsakiyar Yuni, kafin farko na fure buds.

Yankan

Tsire-tsire masu yaduwa ta hanyar katsewar bazara a farkon lokacin yana dan shekara biyu. Matasa harbe fara kore cuttings, fara kawai dan kadan woody. An yanke ganyen gaba ɗaya ko cikin 1 / 2-1 / 3 na ruwan ganye. An sanya yankan a cikin ruwa na awa 1-2, sannan a bi da shi tare da haɓaka haɓaka, alal misali, heteroauxin (150 mg / 1 l na ruwa) na awanni 12 a cikin duhu mai duhu a zazzabi na 20-25 0C. An yanke alkama kore tare da tsawon tsawon internode tare da ganye guda biyu. An yanke wannan tare da wuka mai kaifi: babba a saman matashin kai na babba, ƙananan yana ƙarƙashin gindin matashin kai na ganye. A cikin wigel, ana yin ƙananan yanka kai tsaye, tunda suna da matsayi na ganye. Ana dasa shuki kore a farkon shekarun goma na biyu na Yuni a cakuda peat da yashi. A saman shine Layer ruwan yashi mai wanke (3-4 cm). Hannun yana wanzuwa zuwa zurfin 1 cm, an rufe shi da filastik. Ruwa sau 2 a rana. Wannan yana ba da tushen 100%. Don ƙirƙirar kambi mai kyau, ana bada shawara don yanke farkon farkon buds.

Weigela 'Pink Princess'.

Yanke hunturu ana yanke itace a watan Afrilu. An yanke su a ƙarƙashin koda yayin ganye. Tsawon katako shine 15-22 cm, diamita har zuwa cm 1. Ana aiwatar da aikin hatsi a cikin tukwane cike da cakuda ƙasa da yashi. Ana kula da yankan tare da abu mai haɓaka. Yawan rooting na hunturu cuttings ne m. Bayan wata daya, tsunkule da kafe cuttings, to, ku ciyar da su da mullein (0.5 l na slurry da 1 m2) ko takin mai magani (30 g na superphosphate da 25 g na ammonium nitrate).

Kalandar aiki

Janairu, Fabrairu, Maris.

Ruwan dusar ƙanƙara a kusa da tsire-tsire don kare gaba da rodents. Rage danshi mai dusar ƙanƙara don hana fashewar reshe.

Afrilu

Pinging rassan lalace by sanyi. Saukowa Processing da mulching Trunks da'irori. Yawan shayarwa. Manyan riguna na farko da takin ma'adinai (zai fi dacewa a dusar ƙanƙara). Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa bude.

Mayu

Ickwararrun 'yan itace, kare tsire-tsire daga lokacin sanyi na lokacin bazara; hayaki, fesawa. Watse. A aiki na Trunks da'irori. Sayar da ciyawa.

Yuni

Ganyen kore. Cire kayan maye Weing, loosening, watering, saman miya tare da hadaddun taki. An kare shi daga kwari da cututtuka.

Yuli

Tsarin kambi mai tsinkaye. Ana cire ɓataccen inflorescences. Kulawa da tsirrai da iri. Yaduwar seedlingsa seedlingsan shuka da tsiro daga kwari da cututtuka. Manyan riguna tare da mullein bayani (1:10).

Agusta

Kula da cut, babban miya, shayarwa, sako.

Satumba

Dasa dasawa da dasawa, aiki da kuma mulmula ciyawa da'irori. An ci gaba da kula da 'ya'yan itace da kafewar itace.

Oktoba

Ana tattara ganyen magarya da cire shi daga shafin. Branchesarfafa rassan a ƙasa don mafi kyawun hunturu. Mulching Treeks a cikin hunturu don thicker Layer na peat ko bushe itacen oak ganye. Tsara seedlings. Tarin iri.

Nuwamba

Addamar da jijiyoyi daga sarƙoƙi.

Disamba

Haɗin dusar ƙanƙara a kusa da kututturen bishiya. Hinganshin dusar ƙanƙara mai danshi daga bushes. Duba shingaye, da inganta kayan aikin lambu da kayansu.

Jafananci Weigela (Weigela japonica).

Yin amfani da Weigels a Tsarin Lambuna

A cikin ƙirar lambu, ana amfani da Weigels ta hanyoyi da yawa: waɗannan labulen lawn ne, tsire-tsire mai kan gado ko a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi tare da kambi na budewa, nau'ikan ƙananan haɓaka sun dace da wuraren dutse, weigels masu tsayi suna da tasiri a cikin shinge.

Idan kuna da kusan dozin tsire-tsire a hannunku, to, ana iya sanya su cikin rukuni ɗaya ko uku, gwargwadon jinsin ko nau'ikan iri daban-daban da kuma maganin maganin shafin. A cikin rukuni ɗaya, ana bada shawarar dasa kwafin 3-5, ana sanya su a kan rafi. Rukunin ya kamata ya kunshi tsire-tsire iri ɗaya ko nau'in iri ɗaya, a haɗe tare a cikin launi na furanni, a siffar da girman girman bushes, cikin sharuddan furanni. An ba da shawarar ga tsire-tsire da aka dasa cikin rukuni don shirya da'irar gama-kusa, wacce dole ne a mulched. Idan rukunin ya kasance sako-sako, to, weigels shuka fili tsakanin bushes tare da perennials: hosta, astilbe, ferns, wanda zai ƙawata gonar a ko'ina cikin bazara.

Cakuda dasawa ya hada weigels tare da wasu shukakkun bishiyoyi, alal misali, baitaccen bishiyoyi, cotoneaster, Wangutta da gardenta spiraea, Quince Japanese, Viburnum Buldenezh, har da tsakanin conifers - junipers, cypresses da sauran su. Wadannan nau'ikan samfurori na Weigela suna da ban mamaki. a farfajiyar ƙasa a ƙofar gida ko a bakin ƙofa.

Gidan gonar Weigela (Weigela hortensis).

Iri Weigels

Weigel Middendorff (Weigela middendorffiana). Tsakanin tsire-tsire mai zurfi na 1-1.5 m tare da hauhawar harbe. Ganyen suna da haske kore, fesesins tare da jijiyoyin a garesu. Sulfur-rawaya, tare da filayen ruwan tabarau da dige, fure, guda ko tara 2-6 akan filayen gama gari. Blooms sau biyu a shekara, a cikin bazara da kaka. A cikin yanayinmu, lokacin furanni shine kwanaki 25-30. Ana amfani da su a cikin ɗayan tsirrai da rukunin filaye a kan ciyawar, a gefen gefunan daji, a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi tare da kambi na buɗe ido.

Jafananci Weigela (Weigela japonica) - tsirfa har zuwa tsayi 1 m. Ganyayyaki suna elliptical ko ƙetare, 5-10 cm tsawo, garin-serrate, nuna a koli, dan kadan pubescent. Furannin suna da kararrawa, mai kifin-baki, mai tsawon 2-3 cm, carmine a cikin manyan fuloli uku. A waje, talauci pubescent. 'Ya'yan itacen akwati ne. Tsaba suna da fikafikai. A tsakiyar layin, yana iya daskarewa yayin tsari.

Weigela dadi (Weigela suavis) - nau'in ya zama ruwan dare a Primorye, Sakhalin, tsibirin Kuril. Yana da wuya a al'ada. Shrubarancin tsayi har zuwa 1.3 m tsayi. Ganyayyaki suna oblong-lanceolate, kore mai haske a sama, danda, ƙasa da babban jijiya tare da hairs, mai haske. Launin kaka ya bayyana a tsakiyar watan Satumba. Furen fure mai launi, ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda a waje da kuma shuɗi mai haske a ciki. Located a ƙarshen gefen harbe. Diamita na furanni shine 2.5-3.5 cm. Fulawa daga shekaru goma na biyu na Mayu zuwa ƙarshen Yuni, fure na biyu yana faruwa daga ƙarshen Agusta zuwa tsakiyar Satumba. 'Ya'yan itace akwati ne na fata-hanci tare da hanci. Tsaba suna lebur, ba su da fiffika. A tsakiyar layi sau da yawa ba sa ripen.

Weigela dadi (Weigela suavis).

Weigela da wuri (Weigela praecox). A kudu na Yankin Ussuri, a China da Koriya ta Arewa, farkon weigela yana tsiro tare da tsaunukan dutse da gefuna. Wannan itace shukar fure 1.5-2 m tare da kambi mai siffar zobe. Fure furanni, guda ɗaya ko aka tattara a cikin guda 2-3 a gefen gefuna na shekara na yanzu, baƙon abu bane. Su ne ruwan hoda mai haske a waje kuma suna tsarkakakken ja a buds, wani lokacin kuma a cikin makogwaro farare ne da rawaya. Lokacin ruwa - daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa Yuni. Tsawon lokacin fure shine kwanaki 10-30. Weigel ana shuka shi da wuri shi kadai ko a cikin rukunin mutane a kan ciyawa. Ana iya amfani dashi azaman shinge mara tushe.

Yaren Koriya Weigela (Weigela coraeensis) - wani shuki mai tsayi har zuwa 5 m babba, ko har zuwa 1.5 m a al'ada, tare da manyan (har zuwa 12 cm) danda harbe; Ana nuna ganyen a saman suna daɗaɗaɗɗun abubuwa, tare da ginin mai siffar siffa da gefe-wuri. Ganyen da ke sama masu kyawu ne, masu kyawu, kuma a ƙasa akwai lafiyayye. Wannan nau'in ya cancanci furanni har zuwa tsawon 3.5 cm, sannu a hankali yana canza launi daga kodadde ruwan hoda zuwa carmine mai haske a lokacin bushewa. Fulawa daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa ƙarshen Yuni ya dogara da yanayin yanayi. Tsawon lokacin fure yana daga kwanaki 15 zuwa 30. 'Ya'yan itacen akwati ne. Tsuntsu mai fika-fizgo a tsakiyar Rasha baya yayyafa. Observedarancin ganyen yana cikin farkon Oktoba. Sannan ganyen yayi duhu da sanyi, amma kada ya fadi. Ana buƙatar tsari don hunturu.

Gidan gonar Weigela (Weigela hortensis) ɗan asalin daji ne na ƙasar Japan har zuwa tsayi 1 m. A waje, yana kama da Koriya ta Kudu Weigela, sabanin abin da take da furanni masu yawa na furanni masu ruwan hoda-carmine a cikin inflorescences uku. Furanni suna haɓaka a ƙarshen harbe kuma a cikin axils na ganyen gajerun harbe. Ganyen yana ovate, ba sau da yawa obovate, har zuwa 10 cm tsayi, a kan ɗan gajeren petioles, tsawon 2-5 cm. Siffar furen itace-mai kararrawa-mai kararrawa, tare da kusan daidai da madaidaitan lobes. 'Ya'yan itacen akwati ne. Tsaga fikafikan tsaba. Ana ganin fure mai dumbin yawa a shekaru goma na uku na Mayu kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa farkon Yuli. Yana buƙatar tsari don hunturu. Tare da shekaru, da juriya na sanyi na shuka yana ƙaruwa sosai.

Weigel Maksimovich (Weigela maximowiczii) - low zuwa 1.5 m shrub. Ganyen kusan sessile, feses, 4-8 cm tsawo, obovate ko obate-ovate, nuna a dandalin. Furanni 3.5 cm tsayi, rawaya kodadde, murfin-kararrawa-mai siffa. Located akan gajeren harbe na 1-2 inji mai kwakwalwa. 'Ya'yan itacen akwati ne. Tsaba tare da reshe. Yana fure a tsakiyar rariya daga rabin na biyu na Mayu har zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni. Tsaba ta girma a tsakiyar Oktoba.

Weigela Maximovich (Weigela maximowiczii).

Flowing weigela (Weigela florida) - tsirrai har zuwa 3 m tsayi, tsinkayar tsini 3.5 m. Ganyayyun ganyayyaki masu haske a cikin kaka sun kasance a kan rassan na dogon lokaci. Furannin suna da yawa, tubular, tsawon 2.5-3 cm, ruwan hoda mai duhu a gefuna kuma kodadde ruwan hoda ko fari a ciki, duhu lokacin da aka yi wilted. An tattara su a cikin ƙananan inflorescences akan ɗan gajeren gefen harbe. Suna Bloom, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin shekaru goma na uku na Mayu - farkon Yuni. Wannan nau'in ya yadu sosai a Turai, siffofin lambun an bambanta shi da launuka daban-daban na ganye. Ga mafi ban sha'awa daga gare su:

Kare Weigela 'Purpurea' (Weigela florida 'Rururea', 'Foliis Purpureis') - tsintsiya daga tsayi 1 zuwa 1.5, tare da kambi mai yawa kimanin m 2 cm. Ganyen suna daɗaɗɗen launi, launin shuɗi-ja, tsawon cm 6. Furannin suna da ruwan hoda launin shuɗi tare da rawaya tsakiya, ya bambanta da ganye. Yana blooms a watan Yuni da Yuli. Girma a hankali, hibernates tare da tsari.
Weigela mai fure 'Alba' (Weigela florida 'Alba') - tsayin daji 3 m, kambi mai tsayi kimanin 3.5 m. Furanni suna fararen fyila, suna jujjuya launuka lokacin da suke yin fure. Bar tare da farin dige.
Weigela mai fure 'Variegata' (Weigela florida variegata) ita ce mafi kyawun tsari da dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi tare da ƙananan ganye. Tsawon bushes da diamita na kambi shine 2-2.5 m. Furanni sun kai 3.5 cm a diamita, ruwan hoda mai kauri, aka tattara a goge.

Weigela Middendorff (Weigela middendorffiana).

Weigela Hybrids

Matasan Weigela (Weigela hybrida). A ƙarƙashin wannan sunan an haɗa nau'ikan asalin matasan suna haɗuwa, suna bambanta cikin launi na furanni da ganye. A cikin aikin lambu, ana amfani da nau'in girke-girke fiye da nau'in daji.

`Bristol Ruby` (Bristol Ruby`). Tsawon bushes ɗin shine 2.5-3 m, diamita rawanin har zuwa 3.5. Furanni a gefuna suna da jan launi, wani lokacin tare da cibiyar ruwan-lemo. Yana blooms a watan Yuni da Yuli, girma cikin sauri.
'Gustave Mallet' ('Gustave Mallet') - an samo shi ta hanyar ƙetare weigela na fure da kuma Korean weigela. Shafe har zuwa 2.5 m tsayi tare da manyan, har zuwa 5 cm a diamita, ruwan hoda-carmine furanni tare da fadi da iyaka iyaka. Blooms a ƙarshen Mayu.
'Debussy' ('Des-boisii') - wani tsiro ne na nau'ikan weigels na lambu da kyawawan furanni masu fure, tare da ƙananan furanni carmine masu duhu. Tsawon daji shine 2.5-3 m. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan farkon fure - fure a farkon Mayu.
'Eva Rathke` (' Eva Rathke`) - wanda ake bina a Poland lokacin da yake tsallake weigela na Korea da kuma nauyin fure mai yawa. Isan daji yana da ƙasa (0.7-1 m), m. Furanni masu launin ja-carmine, tubular, m. Yana blooms a watan Yuni-Agusta, ke tsiro matsakaici da sauri. A cikin yanayin mu, winters tare da tsari.
'Fier Lemoine`` Feerie Lemoine` -bush har zuwa 1 m high, manyan furanni, m ruwan hoda.
`Rosea` (` Rosea`) - wani tsiro ne na fure Weigela da Koriya ta Weigela. Tsawon daji ya kai 1.5 m, kambi yana tartsatsi, tare da manyan furanni ruwan hoda. Yana jure wa hunturu da kyau, kawai ana buƙatar karamin tsari (ana amfani da ganye tsawon lokaci).

Weigela 'Nana Variegata' (Weigela 'Nana variegata') - dwarf iri-iri tare da farin da ganye daban-daban. Furanni farar fata-ruwan hoda ne ko rasberi, waɗanda aka tattara cikin inflorescences of 3-4 guda. Girma a hankali. Nagari don ɗakunan shakatawa na dutse.

Weigela 'Costeriana Variegata' (Weigela 'Kosteriana Variegata') wani nau'i ne mai tsayi tare da ganye mai launin shuɗi.

Weigel 'Siebold argenteo-marginata' (Weigela sieboldii argenteo-marginata) - tare da farin-fure furanni da furanni ruwan hoda.A tsakiyar Rasha, waɗannan nau'ikan suna buƙatar haɓaka tare da tsari don hunturu, kuma a kudu zaka iya yin ba tare da tsari.

Weigela 'Kosteriana Variegata' (Weigela japonica 'Kosteriana Variegata').

Iri daban-daban na weigels

Irin waɗannan sababbin nau'ikan suna shahara a ƙasashen waje kamar:

Candida (Candida) - wani daji mai tsayi tare da fararen furanni
Styriaca - tare da furanni ruwan hoda 2.5 cm tsayi
Newport Red (Newport Red) - wani daji mai tsayi tare da ganye mai haske da furanni masu kauri-manyan furanni
Marc Tellier (Marc Tellier) - wani daji har zuwa 3 m high tare da manya-manyan, har zuwa 5 cm a diamita, furanni ruwan hoda
Pierre Duchartre - tare da furanni masu duhu duhu.