Fern wata tsohuwar shuka ce wacce ba ta gushewa tana mamakin yadda take ba da talakawa da kuma bayyananniyar rawar gani. Daga cikin waɗannan tsire-tsire akwai nau'in halitta tare da al'ada don duk vayas, kuma tare da sabon abu da asali. Don haka, microsorum ya sha bamban da sauran ferns saboda kyawun sa da asalin sa. Leaflet suna da nau'i mai banbanci, suna da yawa kuma wavy. Irin waɗannan farantin faranti an taru a cikin wani abu mai kusanci, kusan tarkled plexus. Kuma tsarin tsinkaye a saman yalwar foliage yana ƙara ban mamaki ga shuka da kanta. Wannan tsire-tsire har zuwa yau za'a iya haɗuwa ba sau da yawa ba, amma shahararsa yana ƙaruwa sosai kowace rana. Don haka, yana da kyau don ado duka ɗakuna na yau da kullun da dafa abinci ko gidan wanka. Kula da wannan fern abu ne mai sauqi qwarai, da qarin shuka yake da sauri.
Bayanin microsorum
Karo na farko da suka hango madubi, kowa yana sha'awar dimbin ganyayyaki, da kuma kyawun gani. Wadannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ba su da tushe kuma suna kwance cikin kulawa. A tsawon shekaru, suna samun bayyanar daɗaɗɗiyar gani, don haka siririn bushes ɗin ya zama mai kara mai ƙarfi. Irin wannan fern daidai ya dace da kowane salon gidan, yayin da suke iya yin ado kusan kowane ɗaki kuma, mahimmanci, bayyanar sa koyaushe yana riƙe asalinsa da ɗabi'unsa. Wadannan tsire-tsire ana kiran su da "crocodiles", kuma duk saboda a saman filayen filayensu na sabon abu akwai lakar taguwa, wanda ke bayar da kwatankwacin kamannin fatar da irin waɗannan mafarautan. Irin wannan fern yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da gidan Centipede (Polypodiaceae), kuma mahaifarta ita ce Oceania, Ostiraliya, da kuma Kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Karamin tsire-tsire irin su Microsorum (Microsorum) na iya samun tsayin santimita 25 zuwa 50, kuma suma suna da rhizomes masu rarrafe. Ba kasafai ba ne ga tushen wannan tsiro ya yi ta fita daga ƙasa a farfajiyar sa. A tsayi, faranti na ganye na microsorums basu kai sama da santimita 60 ba, amma wannan yana cikin yanayin ɗakin. A cikin ciyawar daji, tsayin ɗokin zai kai santimita ɗari. An samo labule masu ban mamaki daga ƙasussikar ƙwararrun ƙananan litattafai. Leaf faranti na iya zama mai sauƙi, ƙirar elliptical a sifa, kazalika da kewaya, za'a watsa shi cikin babban sikeli da manyan sassan (a matsayin mai mulkin, ɓangarorin na iya zama daga guda 3 zuwa 5).
Yara na waje (na yara) waiyi suna kama da shuka kamar zobo. Yayinda suke girma, ganyayyaki suna canzawa, yayin da suke zama dissected, more m and interesting. Fuskar faranti takan zama mara nauyi kuma tana daidaita, yayin da gefen kuma mara nauyi ne. Irin waɗannan ganyayyaki suna magana, curl, saboda fern yana da bayyanar yanayi mai ban mamaki. An sanya mayuka, waɗanda suke masu launin shuɗi-baki a farfajiyar ganye, ana sanya su a tsakiyar jijiya a jere ko a kan ba daidai ba (ba a daidaita). Abin da yake ciki wanda ba a rufe ba yana wakiltar sashin haihuwa ne wanda ake samu. Suna iya zama duka unicellular (a cikin adadin ƙananan ƙananan tsire-tsire da fungi), da kuma multicellular (a cikin manyan tsire-tsire). Kalmar sporangia a cikin helenanci tana nufin "spóra" - "shuka, iri" da "angéion" - "jirgin ruwa, mai karbar kaya".
Girma microsorum a gida
Microsorum ya dace da girma ta duka gardenersan lambu da kuma masu farawa. Wannan HALITTAR tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu girma Don haka, idan ba a yi babban kuskure a cikin kulawa ba, shuka za ta murmure sosai cikin sauri.
Haske
Daya daga cikin rashin kyawun wannan shuka, wanda ya bambanta shi da sauran ferns, shine daukar hoto. Gaskiyar ita ce don ci gabanta na al'ada da haɓakawa ana buƙatar kyakkyawan fitila, amma kar ku manta cewa ya kamata a warwatsa. Saboda haka, gogaggen fure ciyawa bayar da shawarar zabar taga na gabas ko yamma fuskantarwa a gare shi. A cikin hunturu, kwararru suna ba da shawara ta amfani da hasken baya domin fern ya ci gaba da kasancewa da bayyananniyar bayyanar.
A yanzu, a cikin shagon fure zaka iya siyan microsorum, wanda yawanci ke girma a cikin ƙaramin inuwa kaɗan ko kuma ɗan girgiza shi. Don tabbatar da wane irin haske kayan shuka yake buƙata, ku tambayi mai siyar game da shi.
Zazzabi
Irin wannan fern yana son zafi sosai. Don haka, mafi ƙarancin zafin iska wanda aka yarda dashi a cikin ɗakin da yake a ciki shine digiri 20. Ba sa tsoron zafi, amma cutar rashin ƙarfi na iya haifar da mutuwa. Zazzaran da aka ba da shawarar shine digiri 21-28. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa ba za ku iya ba da izinin sanyaya ƙasa a cikin tukunyar ba. Don kiyaye shi a matakin da ya dace, ana bada shawara don sanya tukunyar fure a kan tsayuwa na musamman. Wannan zai taimaka don guje wa sanyaya ƙasa a cikin tanki daga taga.
Microsorum tsire-tsire ne mai ƙoshin gaske kuma a kowane hali yakamata a miƙa shi zuwa cikin iska mai kyau a lokacin rani. Hakanan, lokacin yin iska mai iska, ya zama dole don kare fure daga daftarin.
Yadda ake ruwa
Wannan inji, kamar sauran ferns, Yana son yawan ruwa na yau da kullun. Amma a lokaci guda, dole ne a kula da hankali don hana tururuwa ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Don haka, ana bada shawara a shayar da shi a cikin lokacin dumama bayan ƙurar ta ta narke. Don irin wannan shuka, gajeren fari ba mummunan abu bane. A cikin hunturu, an shayar da ruwa, kamar yadda zai ɗauki kwanaki biyu bayan bushewa daga cikin babba Layer na substrate.
Wajibi ne a shayar da irin wannan fure tare da ruwa mai taushi. Don haka, narke ko ruwan sama zai zama mafi kyawun zaɓi.
Jin zafi
Yana girma a al'ada a cikin talakawa tukunyar filawa akan windowsill, kazalika a cikin m florariums tare da paludariums. Idan microsorum yayi girma kamar daskararren shuka, to lallai ne ya zama ya daɗaɗa a duk lokacin da ya yiwu (aƙalla sau 2-3) daga mai tonon. Hakanan, don haɓaka yanayin iska, ana iya zuba pebbles cikin babban fadi ko ana iya saka sphagnum kuma za'a iya ƙara ƙara ruwa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da humidifiers.
Taki
Irin wannan kararan yana buƙatar ciyar da shi kawai a lokacin girma, wanda zai iya wuce daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta (wanda ya haɗa). Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2-3. Don wannan, takin gargajiya, hadaddun takaddun duniya ko waɗanda aka tsara musamman don ferns sun dace.
Siffar dasawa da kuma yadda ake hadewar kasar gona
An dasa microsorum, a matsayin mai mulkin, bayan tushen tsarin sa ya daina dacewa a cikin tukunyar. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana aiwatar da irin wannan tsari sau daya a cikin shekaru 2 ko 3. Wannan zai fi kyau a cikin watan Fabrairu-Maris, lokacin da fern fara girma da sauri.
Irin wannan shuka ba ya buƙatar tukunyar filawa ta saba, amma mai ƙima da girman iko. Don haka, don saukowarta, tudun fure tare da kafafu, mai shirin ratayewa, kuma tsayuwar kayan ado cikakke ne.
Don dasa shuki, ana bada shawara don zaɓin ƙasar da aka saya don ferns. Hakanan zaka iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kanka, amma ka tuna cewa dole ne ta kasance kwance kuma ta wuce iska sosai. Mafi kyawun abun da ke ciki na abin da keɓaɓɓun: ƙasa takardar, yashi da peat, an ɗauka a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1 ko 2: 1: 1. Hakanan ana bada shawara don zuba gawayi, gansakuka ko kayan kwalliya a cikin abin da aka gama. A cikin ƙasa, pH ya kamata ya zama 5.5-7.0.
Kafin sanya shuka a cikin tukunya, ana yin kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa a gindinsa, wanda yakamata yakai santimita 2-3 a tsayi. Dole ne a aiwatar da jujjuyawar a hankali, kamar yadda fern ya mayar da martani a ɗan lalacewar tsarin sa. Wararrun masu girbi na fure suna ba da shawarar dasawa ta hanyar jingina. Lokacin da aka dasa shuka, dole ne a sanya shi cikin wuri mai inuwa tare da laima mai laushi sosai tsawon kwanaki 3-7. Idan ana so, inji zai iya yin greenhouse ko hula daga fim.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Itatuwa irin su microsorum yana matukar jurewa cuta, amma ana iya lalata shi da zafi mai ƙarancin zafi. Idan shuka wanda ya kamu da sikelin kwari yake zaune kusa da microsorum, to waɗannan kwari zasu iya samun saurin kai shi. Haka kuma ya kamata a tuna cewa idan baku bushewa a kai a kai daga mai toya, wannan na iya haifar da gizo-gizo gizo don yanke shawara akan shuka. Don kawar da waɗannan kwari masu cutarwa, masana sun ba da shawara, tabbatar cewa haɓaka iska, su kuma yi ƙoƙarin cire su da injina. Idan fern yana da cutar sosai, to, ana iya buƙatar magani tare da shirye-shiryen kashe kwari don aikin da ya dace. Hakanan, kamuwa da cuta tare da irin waɗannan kwari kamar na whiteflies, thrips da mealybugs ba a cire su.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, fure ya fara ciwo kawai saboda an keta dokokin don kulawa da shi. Don haka:
- Hannun ganyayen ganye suna bushe - wataƙila ƙurar ƙwalwa ta bushe, watering yakamata ya zama na yau da kullun kuma yalwatacce.
- Takardun ganye suna canza launin su zuwa rawaya - tsananin zafin.
- Shuka ya daina girma - saboda gaskiyar hasken rana kai tsaye ta sauka akansa.
- Bushewa na ganye - dakin yana da matsanancin zafi.
- Afaƙasassun ƙasusuwa suna rasa launinsu mai cike da launi, zama mara nauyi da maras kyau - ba daidai ba aikace-aikace na takin ƙasa.
- Furen yana girma sosai a hankali ko baya girma ko kaɗan, ganyayyakinsa suna rasa bayyanar kyan gani - Wannan yawanci saboda gaskiyar cewa fern yana da ɗan haske.
Siffofin Yaduwa
Mafi sau da yawa, masu girbi na fure suna yaduwar microsorum ta hanyar rarraba rhizome. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa ana bada shawara don aiwatar da irin wannan tsarin yayin aikin dasawa, kuma ana iya yin wannan koyaushe. Dole ne a bar Delenki a cikin sabon iska domin wuraren yankan ya bushe sosai. Bayan wannan, ya wajaba a bi da irin waɗannan wuraren da gawayi da keɓaɓɓen gawayi. Delenki ya kamata a dasa shi bisa ga ka'idoji iri ɗaya kamar na microsorums na girma yayin dasawa.
A cikin lokuta masu saukin yanayi, masu noman fure suna ƙoƙarin yin shuka irin wannan shuka daga ɓarna. Koyaya, wannan aiki ne mai wahala da wahala. Don haka, don harbe ya bayyana, zai zama dole don samar da ƙananan dumama na tanki. Hakanan don wannan, bushewa kayan abu (spores) da tsiro a kan peat ana amfani da su sau da yawa, yayin da aka sanya akwati a wuri mai duhu tare da isasshen iska mai iska.
Babban nau'ikan
Wannan nau'in halittar ya haɗu game da nau'in tsire-tsire 50, amma a lokaci guda, a matsayin mai mulkin, 3 kawai ke girma a gida.
Maɓallin microsorum (Microsorum punctatum)
Gajeren rhizome wannan tsirrai yana creeping. M gajere mai wuya ganye suna da kunkuntar eliptical siffar. Abubuwan da aka kafa sun isa tsawo na santimita 30 kawai kuma sunyi kama da juna zuwa zobo.
Banana microsorum (Microsorum musifolium)
Wannan nau'in bashi da mashahuri sosai. A tsawon lokaci, irin wannan shuka ya fara fitar da harbe-harben da ya kai tsawon mita 1. Ganyen fata masu launin fata suna da bayyanar sabon abu. A saman su akwai jijiyoyin raga, kuma a cikin wannan nau'in furen shine yafi kama da fata fata. Hakanan, ganyayyaki suna kama sosai da kamannin ganyen banana.
Microsorum multifolia (Maɓallin microsorum
Ganyen mai cike da launuka ya kasu kashi uku zuwa kashi 5, waɗanda suke da siraran yanayi-wawa. Idan ka taɓa su, zaku iya jin ƙanshi mai daɗi.
Pterygoid Microsorum (Abincin microsorum pteropus)
Hakanan, nau'in da ake kira pterygoid microsorum (Microsorum pteropus) yana karɓar shahara a tsakanin masu ruwa da ruwa. An yi amfani da shi sosai don yin amfani da kwalliyar ruwa, ko kuma baya da sashi ko tsakiya.
Microsorum scolopendria (Microsorum scolopendria)
Ba da daɗewa ba, nau'in Microscore Scolopendra (Microsorum scolopendria) ya shahara sosai. Koyaya, har zuwa yau, wannan shuka mallakar dangin Phymatodes scolopendria. Shi ke nan, saboda vayi da nau'in girma na wannan tsiron sun fi kama da nephrolepsis, kuma ba microsorums ba.
