Dasa tsaba na cucumbers akan tsire-tsire kuma a cikin ƙasa buɗe Shuka kwanakin kula da Cututtuka na cucumbers tare da hoto

Mabuɗin babban girbi mai nasara shine dasa shuki na zamani da ya dace tare da tsaba a kan seedlings da cikin ƙasa. Za ku koyi dokoki da asirin fasahar noma daga wannan labarin.

Lokacin dasa tsaba kokwamba a cikin ƙasa

Kasa bude

• An shuka ciyawa a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin bazara tare da farkon zafi - ƙasa ya kamata ya dumama sosai a lokacin dasa (aƙalla 14 ° C), a tsakiyar layi shi ne bayan kamar 5-6 Mayu. A tsakiyar layi da latitude na arewa, don farkon girbi, ana shuka cucumbers a cikin seedlings; a yankuna na kudu, ana shuka iri kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude. Lokacin da girma a cikin seedlings, zaka iya samun amfanin gona mako biyu a baya.
• Kada ku yi ƙoƙarin dasa tsaba na cucumbers a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa da wuri: wannan ba zai taimaka don samun farkon seedlings ba, haka ma, a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi, musamman tare da ruwan sama mai nauyi, da tsaba na cucumbers za su yi tumbi. Kuma idan sun haɗu, to, mafi yawa daga baya fiye da saukowa a cikin ƙasa mai ɗumi.

Cold da sanyi greenhouse

• Kuna iya shirya gidan kore ta hanyar rufe shi da fim ko gilashi. Roundasa mai dumama a cikin gidan kore zai ba da damar shuka cucumbers a cikin ƙasa da aka rigaya a cikin Maris-Afrilu, ya dogara da yanayin yanayi a yankin ku.
• Saukowa a kan gado mai ɗumi zai ba da izinin dasa cucumbers a cikin greenhouse ko da tare da barcin daskararru na daren ƙasa zuwa -3 ° however, duk da haka, zai zama dole don dumama daskarewa da kyau domin ya "kama wuta" kuma ya saki adadin zafin da ake buƙata.

Kwanakun dasa shuki na cucumbers na shuka

Arean itacen da ya shuka don shuka ana shuka shi ne kwanaki 27-30 kafin ya koma wani wuri mai ɗorewa: a cikin takin ƙasa, ko ƙasa mai buɗe ido.

• Seedlings for mai tsanani greenhouses ana shuka su ne a watan Fabrairu.
• Don dasa shuki a cikin gona mara kwari a farkon Afrilu, kuna buƙatar dasa cucumbers don seedlings a farkon shekarun Maris.
• Don dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse a cikin tsakiyar marigayi Afrilu, muna shuka tsaba a shekaru goma na biyu na Maris.
• Don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a farkon zuwa tsakiyar Mayu, muna shuka tsaba kokwamba don seedlings a cikin shekaru goma na farko ko na biyu na Afrilu.

Shiri shafin don dasa shuki

Yadda ake shirya ƙasar don dasa shuki

Zaɓin wurin zama

Don samun kyakkyawan girbi, zaɓi wurin rana tare da kariya daga iska ta arewa don yabanya girma. M wuri a kusa da kewaye da shafin na amfanin gona mai tsayi-girma (sunflower, dankali, legumes) - zasu taimaka wajen ƙirƙirar microclimate da suka wajaba.

Ilasa

Kusan kowace ƙasa za ta yi, amma ya kamata a cire ta kuma zama mai numfashi. Kokwamba ke tsiro mafi kyau akan haske, ƙasa mai arzikin humus. Kuna iya ƙara darajar abinci na ƙasa ta amfani da takin gargajiya: humus ko takin.

Shirya shafin a lokacin bazara. Yana da Dole a tono shebur zuwa zurfin bayonet kuma ku sanya takin gargajiya, ƙara kadan superphosphate da ash.

Magabata

Yana da kyau a canza wurin don cucumbers kowane shekara 5. Mafi kyawun magabata sune: dankali da wuri, tumatir, Peas, masara.

Shiri

Muna shirya ridges kai tsaye kafin shuka iri ko dasa shuki. Tsawon gadaje ya zama cm 20-25. Idan ƙasa ta lalace, daidai gwargwado, ƙara ƙasa turf, peat, humus, saw.

Yadda za a lalata ƙasa kafin a dasa shuki

Don lalata, zube ƙasa tare da bayani na sulfate tag: don lita 10 na ruwan zafi (80-90 ° C) 1 tsp. foda. A 1 m², ƙara 3 l na turmi. Bar don kwana ɗaya, sannan kuma shuka ko shuka seedlings.

Yadda zaka zabi tsaba da suka dace domin dasa shuki

Yadda za a zabi cucumbers don dasa

Tsaba bata da wahalar tarawa da kansu; akwai kuma zaɓi iri-iri akan siyarwa. Idan kunshin bai ƙunshi bayani game da dalilin iri-iri ba, kalli hoto: an rufe filayen da suka dace da sabon abinci da farin kawuna, don canning - duhu. Adana tsaba har fiye da shekaru 2.

Yadda za a bincika ingancin tsaba:

• Sanya tsaba a cikin kwandon ruwan dumi - 'Ya'yan ƙanana marasa ingancin ruwa za su taso kan ruwa a huɗa, don shuka suna amfani da tsaba kawai da suka faɗi ƙasa.

Yadda ake shirya tsaba kokwamba don dasa shuki

Ko ya zama dole don jiƙa da tsaba na cucumbers kafin dasa, da lambu yanke shawara wa kansa: da cucumbers germinate da kyau a cikin ƙasa mai dumi ko da ba tare da shiri. Amma idan kuna son cin nasara 'yan kwanaki kuma ku sami amfanin gona da wuri, zaku iya pre-jiƙa kuma ku taurara tsaba.

Yadda za a jiƙa kokwamba tsaba kafin dasa shuki:

• Sanya tsaba a cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan a cikin ruwan rauni mai sauƙi na potassium permanganate: wannan zai lalata su daga cututtuka, to, tabbatar da kurkura.
• A bushe shi, sannan a riƙe shi na tsawon awanni biyu a zazzabi na 60 ° C - wannan zai hanzarta farko na fruiting.
• Yadda ake sarrafa tsaba kokwamba kafin dasa shuki: Sanya tsaba a cikin jakar nama (gauze ya dace) kuma riƙe na tsawon awanni 12 a cikin mafita mai zuwa: cokali 1 na lita 1 na ruwa. nitrophoski da katako itace ash. Sannan a tsabtace da ruwa mai tsabta. Za ku iya kawai riƙe tsaba na cucumbers a kan rigar tauze soaked a cikin wani bayani na ci gaban stimulant: sakamakon ba zai zama mafi muni.
• Yadda za a yi shuka ƙwayar kokwamba kafin dasa shuki: Sanya tsaba a kan zane mai bushe ka riƙe su a +20 ° C domin su kumbura da kyau. Tsaba kada ya fito, amma dan kadan kadan.
• Sa'an nan kuma taurara da tsaba na cucumbers kafin dasa shuki: riƙe su a cikin kayan lambu na firiji nan da nan kuma a hankali dasa su don kada su lalata.

'Ya'yan matattara masu haila basa buƙatar sarrafa shi.

Shuka tsaba kokwamba a cikin ƙasa

Yadda ake dasa cucumbers a cikin hoto a ƙasa

• Ana ba da shawarar shuka iri a cikin ƙasa a cikin kira 2-3: wannan hanyar zaku shinge don dawo da yanayin sanyi (rufe filayen da tsare idan ana tsammanin sanyi) kuma ku sami 'ya'yan itace a lokuta daban-daban.
• Suna dasa tsaba na cucumbers tare da farkon zafi na ainihi (tsakiyar marigayi Afrilu) kafin farkon bazara, amma ka tuna cewa zafin rani zai iya rusa sprouts idan ƙasa ta bushe.

Ridges suna shirye. Yi saukowa ramuka ko layuka, zube da ruwa.

Zurfin dasa shuki cucumbers tsaba da nisa tsakanin su

• Rage zurfin zuwa 2 cm, ajiye nesa a cikin layi na kimanin cm 6, tsakanin layuka na 60-80 cm.
• Kuna iya sanya tsaba 4-6-8 a cikin rami ɗaya, bar 60-80 cm tsakanin ramuka.
• Bayan dasa shuki, yana da amfani a ciyawa tare da farin humus.
• Kimanin 10 g na iri za a buƙata ta 10 m².
• Lokacin da seedlings suka bayyana, na bakin ciki, suna barin mafi ƙarfi harbe a nesa na kimanin cm cm daga juna.

Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu kauri ba sa rage yawan amfanin gona, amma inganta yanayin haɓaka amfanin gona: ƙyallen a ko'ina ya cika sararin da aka raba musu, yana rufe ƙasa, don haka ƙirƙirar microclimate mai kyau, danshi a ƙarƙashin ganyayyakin an riƙe shi, cucumbers ba sa fuskantar damuwa daga matsanancin zafi a rana mai zafi a ƙarƙashin yanayin lokacin shayarwa.

Rashin kyawun wannan hanyar ana iya kiranta da rikicewar girbi, kawai zai zama dole don barin layuka masu yawa tsakanin layuka a cikin layuka biyu don samun damar isa.

Yadda zaka iya kare cucumbers daga zafin rana

A cikin yankuna masu zafi mai zafi sosai, ana bada shawarar dasa shuki masara mai ban sha'awa tsakanin tsintsiyar kokwamba: dasa shi sau da yawa, bayan 20-30 cm, don ƙirƙirar “shinge” mai yawa. Gabatar da tuddai saboda faɗuwar rana tsaka ya fi doguwar inuwa daga "shinge mai rai".

Pinching cucumbers don ƙara yawan aiki

Don hana lashes ya zama tsayi da yawa, kuma kowane daji na kokwamba ya zama mai daidaituwa kuma tare da lashes gefen gefe, toshe babban haɓaka tsakiyar sama sama da ganyen 5-6.

Hanya mafi sauƙi don dasa cucumbers a cikin bidiyon bude ƙasa:

Dasa cucumbers a cikin greenhouse tare da tsaba

Shirya greenhouse a gaba: tono gado da takin ta, sassauta ƙasa tare da rake, rake ƙirjin a gefuna da greenhouse. Rufe arcs tare da tsare, latsa da tabbaci tare da dutse ko tubalin. Bari ƙasa ta yi ɗumi. Bayan sati daya, bincika: huda ƙasa da hannunka, idan yana da dumu da tsawon dabino, saika sami 'yar shuka.

Dasa cucumbers a cikin greenhouse tare da tsaba

• Zurfin saka 2 cm.
• Yi ko zagaye ramuka tare da tsaba 5-6 a ko'ina (rarraba tsakanin ramuka 60-80 cm)
• Ko layuka a cikin 60-80 cm, nisa tsakanin tsaba a jere na 6-8 cm.
• Lokacin da tsaba suka fito, zamu fitar da tsire-tsire a cikin layuka har zuwa cm 10 tsakanin tsirrai.

Bayan dasa shuki da tsaba, ana shayar da gidan mai sauƙi tare da ruwan dumi (har ma da zafi) kuma an rufe shi da sauri tare da fim. Ka mai da hankali kan yanayi da hasken rana mai haske, tabbatar ka buya korewar wani bangare ko kuma gaba daya saboda tsirrai masu '' '' '' '' 'konewa daga matsanancin yanayin zafi a sanadin jinkirin lokacin. Tare da matsanancin zafi, tsaba na iya mutuwa dama a cikin ƙasa, kuma ba zai yi tsiro ba.

Dasa tsaba na cucumbers na shuka ga gida a gida

Kokwamba na dasa shuki don shuka hoto

Shuka da tsaba da cucumbers na seedlings a lokacin Maris-Afrilu (don mai zafi mai sanyi - a watan Fabrairu).

Na gina jiki ƙasa cakuda da ake bukata:

• Don 2 sassan peat da humus, 1 ɓangare na ƙananan kwakwalwan itace, ƙara 2 tbsp. l itace ash da 1.5 tbsp. l nitrofoski.
• Mix dukkan abubuwan da aka gyara sosai.

Yadda za a shuka:

• Shuka tsaba a cikin kaskon katako don kada ku tsame tsirrai bayan haka. Idan kuka dasa a cikin kananan kaset, to sai a tura zuwa manyan kofuna a lokacin da ciyayi suka cika da jama'a.
• M zurfafa da tsaba 1 cm, moisten kasar gona, rufe amfanin gona da fim.
• Haske yana buƙatar haske amma yadawo, kula da yawan zafin jiki na iska. A cikin ɗan gajeren hasken rana, ana buƙatar ƙarin haske.
• Tare da zuwan harbe, cire tsari.
• Lokacin da aka kafa ganye 2, ciyar: narke 1 tsp a cikin 1 lita na ruwa mai dumi. nitrofoski ko nitroammofoski.
• Ruwa da seedlings sau ɗaya a mako, gaba daya moistening dukan girma na ƙasar a cikin kofuna, lambatu wuce haddi ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi.
• Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, sannu-sannu sannu a hankali zuwa sabo iska - dauke shi zuwa cikin gonar da yawa sa'o'i.

Lingsa Seedan itacen za su kasance cikin shiri a cikin kwanaki 27-30.

Dasa tsaba na cucumbers na tsire-tsire na seedlings:

Yadda za a shuka seedlings na cucumbers a cikin ƙasa

• Ruwa da tsirrai sosai kwana ɗaya kafin dasa shuki.
• Zaɓi rana mai haske, ranar bayyana don dasa.
• A hankali cire gilashin daga cikin yumbu, ba tare da keta mutuncin sa ba.
• M zurfafa kawai Tushen a cikin ƙasa, yayyafa kasar gona a kusa da sanya earthen coma, a hankali latsa tare da yatsunsu. Saboda tsire-tsire ba sa tsoma baki tare da juna, kiyaye nesa tsakanin su na 10-15 cm.

Dasa shuki na cucumbers a cikin faifan bidiyo na fili:

Dasa bishiyar kokwamba a cikin bidiyo mai shinkafa:

Yadda ake kulawa da cucumbers

Weeding da kwance ƙasa

Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar bayar da kulawa da hankali. Kullum share gadaje na sako. An lakar da ƙasa a kai a kai bayan an yi ruwa, a zurfafa ta cm 3-4. Yi hankali kada a lalata tushen da leɓar.

Watse

Kokwamba mai narkewa ne. Ruwa gare su a kai a kai. Daga rashin danshi, dandano na kayan lambu yana raguwa, haushi ya bayyana. Ganye suna kara duhu, suna fadowa. Zai fi kyau ruwa da safe ko a yamma, lokacin da rana ba ta aiki sosai. Kar a feshe tare da ruwan sanyi ko jet mai ƙarfi daga tiyo. Kuna buƙatar ba da ruwa ga ƙasa, ba tsire-tsire kansu ba. Mitar ban ruwa ya dogara da yanayin yanayi. A matsakaita, kuna buƙatar sha ruwa kowane kwanaki 2-3, a lokacin lokacin fruiting yi wannan sau da yawa: kowane maraice ko safiya. Idan ruwan bai ƙetare ba, sai a sanya fenti tsakanin layuka.

Tsunkule

Lokacin da ganye na 5-6th ya girma, kuna buƙatar tsunke babban harbi - wannan yana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa tushen kuma yana haɓaka harbe ta gefen.

Balagaya

Don hana cututtukan fungal da kuma ci gaba da al'ada na tushen tsarin, ya kamata a yayyafa bushes sau da yawa a lokacin.

Ta yaya kuma don ciyar da cucumbers

A cikin kore

Lokacin girma a cikin greenhouse, ya zama dole don ciyar da sau 5 a kowace kakar (takin gargajiya ko ma'adinai). An fara sutura ta farko tare da farkon fure, to - kamar girma da fruiting. Don ciyarwa ta farko, ana bada shawara don amfani da bayani: ɗauki lita 10 na ruwa, ƙara 1 tsp. urea, superphosphate da potassium sulfate, ƙara 1 mullein cokali zuwa mushy daidaito (a maimakon sa zaku iya ƙara 1 tbsp. l sodium humate).

A cikin ƙasa buɗe

Yana da kyau a ciyar da cucumbers girma a cikin yankin buɗe sau 3-4 a kowace kakar. Ma'adinan ma'adinai da ke ɗauke da phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen sun fi dacewa. Aiwatar da suturar farko lokacin da wata takarda biyu ta bayyana, na biyu - tare da farkon saitin 'ya'yan itace, sannan - a lokacin lokacin' ya'yan itace.

Don takin zamani, zaɓi rana mai dumi, ranar fili domin abubuwan da ake amfani da su cikin jiki su sami nasara.

Tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa a kai a kai (kowace rana) domin kar su yi fice, kuma daji ya ci gaba da ba da nasara cikin ’ya’ya. Adana cucumbers a wuri mai sanyi.

Fermented ciyawa

Da kyau saman miya aka samu daga ciyawa fermented: karba mafi kore weeds ba tare da tsaba, sa a cikin akwati da cika da ruwa, bari ferment har sati daya da kuma zuba 1 lita na ruwa da bayani a karkashin tsire-tsire a wani rabo na 1:10.

Cututtuka na cucumbers: yadda za a fesa da bi

Yana da mahimmanci a lura da dabarun dasa kayan gona, tabbatar da wadataccen shayarwa da shasha, kuma a cikin gidajen kore - iska, to amfanin gona zai yi kyau, kuma cututtuka da kwari ba za su rikita ba.

Kladosporioz a ganyen cucumbers hoton cututtukan cucumbers

Cladosporiosis - cutar sananniyar cuta. Tushen causative shine naman gwari wanda yake kunnawa tare da zafi mai zafi da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi.

Cladosporiosis a cikin 'ya'yan itãcen cucumbers photo cututtuka na cucumbers

Ganyen tsiro, matasa cucumbers suna rufe da baƙar fata tare da launin toka mai ruwan 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itãcen suna girma mai lankwasa. Wajibi ne don fesa tare da magani wanda ke dauke da benzimidazole.

Powdery mildew a kan cucumbers hoto kokwamba cututtuka

Powdery mildew - cututtukan fungal wanda ganye ya zama an rufe shi da farin kaya. Cire wuraren da abin ya shafa, fesa tare da maganin colloidal sulfur.

Fararen rot a kan cututtukan hoto na cucumbers

Farar ƙasa - dukkan bangarorin tsire-tsire an rufe su da fure mai haske, sannan lalacewar ta fara. Wannan na faruwa saboda wuce haddi na iska da ƙasa, rashin iska mai kyau - idan akwai kwayar cuta a cikin ƙasa, kada ku ƙara yin shuka. Ya kamata a cire wuraren da suka lalace, yayyafa shuka tare da lemun tsami-fluff.

Tushen rot a kan cututtukan hoto na cucumbers

Tushen rot - A farkon lokacin fitar 'fruiting, tabo mai launin ruwan kasa yana bayyana a gindin tushe, wanda ya shimfiɗa gaba. Wannan na faruwa tare da danshi mai yawa. Foda da abin ya shafa da alli ko ash. Idan shuka ya mutu, dole ne a zubar da shi, a bi da ramin tare da maganin maganin tagulla.

Kwayar cutar ganye ta mosaic a kan cututtukan hoto na cucumbers

Ganye mai sheki - ganye ya zama rufe da aibobi na koren launi ko duhu koren launi, farjinsu ya zama datti. Wasa da kumburi suma suna shafan 'ya'yan itacen. Kamuwa da cuta yana bayyana idan ba a sarrafa ƙwayoyin kafin shuka ba, ciyawa suna ba da gudummawa ga wannan. Dole ne a zubar da tsire-tsire marasa lafiya. Zube ƙasa tare da bayani na potassium permanganate.

Man zaitun - 'Ya'yan itãcen an rufe su da launin ruwan kasa. Wannan yana faruwa lokacin yin ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi, saboda yawan zafi, daga abubuwan da aka zana. Don kwanaki 5, dakatar da ruwa. Bi da tare da 1% Bordeaux ruwa.

Na kwayan cuta na ƙwayar cuta na kwayar cutar hoto na cucumbers

Na kwayan cuta zai - Tsire-tsire suna bushe da bushewa da sauri.A dare, ana iya dawo da turgor, amma a lokacin da ganyayyaki da harbe suka sake bushewa, nan da nan zasu mutu gaba daya. Cutar ta haifar da rauni na ƙwayar cuta. Yanke kokwamba: idan kun ga fararen halittar fararen kaya, wannan tabbas ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta ne. Babu wani magani ga wannan cuta, kuna buƙatar kashe duk tsire-tsire da aka shafa (ƙona) da kuma yayyafa alkama da aka dafa tare da carbaryl a yankin - wannan zai taimaka wajen lalata ƙwayar vector na wannan cutar mai haɗari. Zai yuwu ku dawo da yankuna zuwa wuri daya kawai bayan shekara uku.

Karin kwari na cucumbers

Mafi sau da yawa, kwari damu lokacin da girma a cikin greenhouses, greenhouses.

Daga cikin su: m gizo-gizo, muna aphid, whitefly. A farkon gano kwaro, da gaggawa gudanar da maganin kashe kwari, idan lokacin jiran ya bada dama. Idan cucumbers sun riga sun ba da 'ya'ya, za ku iya magance kwari da hannu: tara da kuma ƙone ganye da abin ya shafa, yi amfani da maganin sabulu.