Hydrangea wani nau'in tsire-tsire ne na fure na ƙungiyar Hydrangea. Asalin wadannan furanni, a cewar bayanai daban-daban, ya ninka nau'ikan 40-70, mazaunin su shine Asiya, Amurka, tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan Japan da China. Za'a iya samun nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi a Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Bayanin Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla)
A karo na farko a Turai wannan fure an kawo shi daga kasar Sin a shekarar 1821. A cikin 1905, aka fara zaɓin hydrangea. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wadannan nau'ikan halittu ne da aka samo su daga irin nau'in lambun da kuma manyan hydrangea, wadanda ke da tsayayya da tsananin sanyi. Sabili da haka, da farko, wannan shuka an girma ne kawai azaman ɗakin fure.
Tuni da 70s na karni na 20, kusan ƙarfe 120 aka tozartar. Babban adadin nau'in ana la'akari da tsirrai har zuwa 3 m a cikin girman, wasu nau'ikan ƙananan bishiyoyi ne, ragowar sune gandunan inabi waɗanda zasu iya girma har zuwa 35. Itace ko dai disiduous ko kullun, amma yawancin jinsin da ke girma a yankuna masu zafi suna disiduous.
Wadannan tsire-tsire suna yin fure daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Inflorescences suna kan ƙarshen kara a cikin kyakkyawan fure mai siffar maras nauyi. A cikin nau'ikan da yawa, shugabannin fure suna da nau'ikan inflorescences biyu: ƙananan ƙarancin inflorescences a cikin cibiyar da manyan inflorescences na yara a gefuna. A wasu nau'ikan, duk inflorescences suna m kuma suna da girman daidai.
Yawancin furanni farar fata ne masu launi, amma wasu, alal misali, suna da manyan ganye-hydrangeas, shuɗi ne, shunayya, rawaya, ja, da sauransu. A cikin waɗannan nau'in, launi sau da yawa ya dogara da acidity na ƙasa pH: a cikin ƙasa mai acidic, petals suna samun launin shuɗi, a cikin tsaka tsaki - m, kuma a cikin alkaline - ja. Hydrangeas na iya tara aluminiƙar da aka fito daga ƙasa ta acidic, kuma a wasu nau'ikan an samar da fili wanda zai basu launin shuɗi.
Hydrangeas suna da furanni masu ado da furanni marasa kyan gani tare da kyakkyawan launi da kuma tsawon lokacin fure na illolin hemispherical inflorescences. Don ingantaccen fure, dole ne a kiyaye manyan ka'idoji guda biyu:
- Rigar ƙasa;
- Zazzabi a cikin hunturu akalla 7C.
Iri daban-daban na hydrangea
Manyan ganye na hydrangea. Wurin haifan wannan fure shine Japan da China. Kyawawan daji na ado. A cikin tsaunukan zafi yana iya kaiwa tsawan tsayi har zuwa 3.5 m, a cikin yankuna na arewacin har zuwa m 1.5. Ganyen ba su da ban sha'awa, kore mai haske a launi. Fearancin inflorescences ne babba a cikin girman, ja, tare da impregnations carmine har zuwa 4 cm a diamita, m purple, da wuya shuɗi, a cikin lebur lebur (12x16 cm). A cikin nau'ikan lambun, furanni masu sihiri ne, tare da nunin girman har zuwa 22-25 cm, wanda yake a ƙarshen harbe.
Jafananci ganye na hydrangea. A daji tare da furanni lebur, inda akwai manyan bakuna furanni tare da gefuna, kuma a tsakiyar akwai 'ya'yan itace. Bushes tare da inflorescences corymbose suna da kyan gani.
Manyan tsirrai na hydrangea. Pretty asali irin shuka. Furen yana canza launin launi koyaushe - a farko suna ruwan lemun tsami-launi a launi, sannan sai su sayi launuka masu ruwan hoda sannan su sami furen kore. Yawancin kananan furanni suna ƙirƙirar manyan, kusan sifofin inflorescences. Bushes na karamin tsayi, game da 80-130 cm, diamita 50-80 cm.Haka mai girma ga vases, har da bushewar furanni.
Babban murfin murfin sihiri na hydrangea. Hakanan wakili mai haske na manyan tsirrai masu tsalle-tsalle na nau'ikan "Magic", masu kama da sifar da aka gani a sama. Furannin furanni ma sune fararen lemun tsami-kore, sannan ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi. Fulawa tayi fice sosai, a watan Yuni-Satumba. Furanni suna cikin manyan inflorescences har zuwa 25 cm a girma, sun dace sosai da yankan. Itace har zuwa 110-130 cm a girma, cm 110 a diamita. Zai dace a zabi penumbra don yanki mai haɓaka. Ilasa - m, tare da kyakkyawan malalewa. A cikin hunturu, yana buƙatar tsari.
Petiole hydrangea. Tana da ƙananan ganye, mai sheki, kore mai haske. The mai tushe ne na roba, saboda kasancewar Tushen iska, suna iya hawa ganuwar, bishiyoyi, da dai sauransu. Furanni masu launin shuɗi ne a cikin tabarau. Lokaci na farko a hankali yana girma.
Itace hydrangea. Yana da farin furanni. Yana blooms a watan Yuni-Satumba. A ƙarshen kaka, yana da kyau a datsa furanni masu lalacewa. Pruning na rauni harbe dole ne a yi ko dai kafin ya kwarara ruwan itace, ko bayan cikakken ganye bude.
Hydrangea Bretschneider. Asali daga kasar Sin. Babban shuki har zuwa m 2.5 a cikin girman. Ganye suna m da babba, kore mai haske. Yana farawa daga ƙarshen watan Yuni. Na farko, furanni fararen launi ne, sun canza launin ruwan hoda a farkon watan Agusta, kuma a watan Satumba sun sami launi mai rasberi mai haske.
Gas na hydrangea. Wani daji mai tsayin kusan 1.5 m. Green inflorescences form a farkon Yuni, za a fara a watan Yuli. Wannan inji shi ne sosai resistant zuwa porosity. A cikin kaka, ana buƙatar pruning furanni don wilted furanni, a cikin bazara - forming pruning.
Hydrangea shine oak-leaved. Duba daga Kudancin Amurka. Isan daji ya kusan muni 1. Ganyayyaki suna kama da itacen oak, a saman akwai kore mai haske, a ƙasa - da farin goge. Furanni - mai kama da nau'in tsoro, amma mafi yawa, tare da ƙananan furanni masu duhu, a faɗuwar sun sami launi mai kyau. A cikin yanayin ƙasar mu, daji sau da yawa yakan daskarewa.
Hydrangea Sargent. Bambancin daga China. A cikin yanayin mu, wannan nau'in galibi ana girma a matsayin tsararren shuka, tunda wannan nau'in kyauta yakan kusan kusan kowace shekara.
Noma da kulawa
Haske
Wannan inji fi son m inuwa, daji ba ya son haskoki kai tsaye na rana. Dace da saukowa akan windowsills na gabas da yamma. Ana iya dasa shi a kan windowsill na arewacin, amma saboda rashin hasken, ya shimfiɗa kuma ba ya yin fure sosai. Lokacin da daji yake kusa da windows ta kudu, kuna buƙatar shigar da shuka kadan nesa daga tagashading daga hasken rana kai tsaye. A lokacin rani, yana da kyau a ɗauki kwandon tare da shuka a waje kuma a sanya shi a cikin inuwa.
Idan a lokacin girma ba za a iya dasa shuka a rana ba, to a lokacin hunturu, daga farkon watan Janairu (lokacin bayyanar buds), yana da kyau a saita daji a cikin wuraren da aka fi haske.
Zazzabi
Wannan tsire-tsire yana buƙatar kulawa a zazzabi na 17-23C a cikin lokacin dumi. Itatuwan daji na da kyau akan taga inda babu batirin dumama (zazzabi a wannan lokacin na iya canzawa tsakanin kewayon 7-13C).
Watse
Ana buƙatar yawan shayarwa daga bazara zuwa kaka, gwargwadon matsayin bushewa na ƙaramin ƙasa na sama, sannan don rage shi akan lokaci. A cikin hunturu, da wuya ba a shayar daji ba. - ta hanyar bushewar kasar gona, amma saboda kada kasa ta bushe. Watering ne yake aikata more yalwa a lokacin bayyanar ganye, a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan ne Janairu, kuma da zuwan buds, an ciyar da daji da hadaddun Additives.
Siffofin Girma
Yankin na da lokacin hutawa lokacin hunturu. A wannan lokacin, shuka yana zubar da ganye kuma yana shiga yanayin hutu na tsawon watanni 2. Suna buƙatar adana su a cikin bushe, ƙananan bene ko kusa da windows mai sanyi.
Mai jan tsami
A cikin bazara, ya zama dole a datsa daji domin ya daidaita shi da cire mai tushe, wadanda suke da rauni sosai ga samuwar buds. Bugu da kari, wannan zai ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan girma harbi, yaduwar fure da bayyanar inflorescences mafi girma. Dole ne a aiwatar da daskarewa, a bar idanu 3-6 akan rassan.
Haushi
Wadannan tsire-tsire an fi son su iska mai zafi. Don kula da laima da take bukata a duk shekara, bushes ɗin yana buƙatar fesa. Kuna iya shigar da tukwane na fure akan kayan kwalliya tare da peat mai laushi ko yumɓu mai ya ƙasa. Haka kuma, kasan tukunyar kada ta shigo da ruwa.
Taki
Tare da isowar buds, an ciyar da daji tare da kayan maye. A lokacin girma, ana buƙatar ciyar da tsire-tsire a hankali mako-mako; lokacin cin amana, ba a amfani da kayan abinci. Shawarwarin ciyarwa sune:
- bushes tare da ruwan hoda inflorescences - taki ma'adinan ruwa;
- tare da shuɗi - ƙari Heather.
Don ƙirƙirar fure mai lush akan tsoffin tsire-tsire, a cikin bazara kuna buƙatar amfani da kayan ma'adinai da ƙari na ƙwayoyin cuta, zai fi dacewa a cikin ruwa mai ruwa.
Juyawa
Juyawa bushes dole ne a shekara. Bayan fure, kuna buƙatar cire tsohuwar inflorescences, yanke harbe zuwa rabin girman kuma canza daji zuwa cikin sabon tsarin ƙasa. A lokacin dasawa a cikin bazara da kuke buƙata kiyaye wadannan sharudda:
- don ja, ruwan hoda da fari zaɓi zaɓi ƙasa mai acid;
- launin shuɗi yana shisshigi cikin ƙasa tare da yawan acidity.
Ilasa
Ilasa don waɗannan furanni ya zama dole tare da babban acidity, (pH 6). Don furanni tare da inflorescences na shuɗi, yana da kyau a zabi pH na 3-4. Kuna iya zaɓar peat, coniferous, sod ƙasar da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 2: 1: 0.5 ko ƙasa da aka yi don azaleas. Ba a amfani da ƙasa Humus yayin namo, saboda yana haifar da chlorosis na shuka.
Kiwo
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, itacen Hydrangea macrophylla ana yadu dashi ta hanyar itace. Don haifuwa ta cikin gida, zaka iya zaɓar duka manya bushes da ƙasan farfajiya. Don ƙwanƙwarar bazara, ana amfani da ƙananan harbe daga ƙasa tare da ganyayyaki na cm cm cm 6. An dasa su tare da nisanci 5-6 cm tsakanin su a cikin kwantena mai zurfi, an binne shi ta hanyar 2-3 cm a cikin ƙasa, kuma an rufe shi da gilashi. Bayan sati 2, ana tura su cikin tukwane. A watan Yuni, kuna buƙatar yanka fisaboda furanni girma. Yanke a watan Yuni, bushes zai yi fure a watan Yuli na shekara mai zuwa. Bushesarancin shekara guda suna da inflorescences 2-4.
Ana buƙatar cire ƙananan harbe a kaikaice da harbe, tare da barin wasu ƙaƙƙarfan harbe don fure na gaba - furanni sun bayyana ne kawai a ƙarshen shekara mai ƙare mai tushe. Har ila yau, daji yana yaduwa tare da taimakon tsaba, wani lokacin ta hanyar rabuwa ko zuriya.
Matakan tsaro
Ganyayyaki na babban hydrangea mai guba mai guba sosai, yana iya haifar da cutar ta dermatitis.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Shuke-shuke ana cutar chlorosis - a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan ya fito ne daga ƙasa humus da ruwan lemun tsami. Tare da hasken wuce kima, aibobi masu haske suna fitowa akan ganyayyaki. Tare da rauni watering da kasa danshi, tukwicin da ganye bushe.
Dukiya mai amfani
Sunan "Hydrangea macrophylla" a cikin fassara yana nufin "jirgin ruwa", kuma yana nuna ƙaunar da shuka yake da shi, da kuma tasirin gaske ga mutum - yana inganta haɓakar gishiri.
M kaddarorin ne hydrangea itace. Tushen itacen fure na hydrangea an dade ana amfani dashi a magani yayin kumburin ƙwayar urinary. Fitowarsa yana da lauretic mai laushi da sakamako mai warkarwa, wanda yake da tasirin tsabtace jikin gabobin, yana cire abubuwa masu cutarwa daga jiki, kuma yana rage kumburi.
Abubuwan da ke aiki na shuka suna ba da gudummawa ga cire uric acid daga jikin mutum, yana hana tarin duwatsu da yashi a cikin hanyoyin ruwa na urinary, suna da tasirin antimicrobial.
Ganyen furanni yana cire spasms a cikin tashoshin urinary, ƙirƙirar tasirin cutar cizon sauro. Ana amfani da tushen don sauƙaƙe yanayin haila. Daji ya tabbatar da kansa a cikin aikin ƙarin kayan aiki don rage cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan hanji. Hakanan yana haifar da sakamako na tonic akan kodan, inganta aikin su.
Ana amfani da Hydrangea don:
cututtukan mahaifa;- cutar gallstone;
- cystitis;
- dutsen koda;
- kumburi da tsarin haihuwa;
- hadin gwiwa zafi
- cututtukan prostate;
- kiba da edema.
cututtukan mahaifa;Hydrangeas suna da kyau a kyau da kuma nau'ikan shrubs. A cikin namo kayan ado, ana yaba su da ire-iren ire-iren furanni, manyan launuka, haushi mai ban sha'awa, da lush fure da unpretentiousness. Furanni suna wakiltar mafi yawan gani a lokacin kaka, idan a daji ɗaya zaka iya ganin ganyen launuka daban-daban, kawuna tare da tsaba da fure.
