Tsarin daji na ɓarnataccen ɗan shekaru Camellia chinensis shine ɗayan tsirrai da suka fi yawa a Indiya, China da sauran ƙasashe na yankin. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda sanannen sunan ya ɓoye sanannen sanannen shayi.
A matsayin al'adun gida na ado, wannan tsiron bai riga ya samo rarrabuwar rarraba ba saboda dalilai biyu:
- nau'in furanni na camellia suna yin gasa mai kyau ga al'adar;
- perennial ko da tare da jinkirin girma na bukatar m yankan tare da siffata da kambi.
Duk da haka, kasar Sin ta 'camellia' nau'ikan yanayi ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ya cancanci ya girma ta mai saurin furanni
A gidan shayi na kasar Sin, ganyayyaki masu launin fata suna da alaƙa da fari mai kyau da koren duhu a launi. Yayin da farantin takardar ke buɗewa, yana da inuwa mai haske, mafi dabara kuma mai taushi. A matsakaici, tsawon ganyayyakin ya kai 7, kuma faɗin shine 4 cm.
Furen 'camellia' na kasar Sin ya fi na '' dan uwan '' 'dan kasar Japan muni. Furanni masu sauƙi har zuwa 4 cm a diamita suna fitowa daga sinuses, sau da yawa a cikin nau'i-nau'i. Anan ba zai yi aiki ba don ganin murhun wasu launuka masu haske ko mai motsi. Corollas farar fata ne ko ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, tare da rawaya convex na tsakiya.
Bayan pollination, a maimakon furanni, an kewaya capsules mai walƙiya mai cike da tricuspid, a ciki wanda aka ɓoye manyan tsaba, wanda a gida yake yin fari a farkon lokacin hunturu.
Kula da furen camellia a gida
Shayi camellia na kasar Sin ana iya ɗaukarsa azaman al'adun cikin gida mara ma'ana, kuma duk da haka shuka tana da abubuwan da take so, waɗanda suke da muhimmanci a yi la'akari. Da farko dai, buƙatun m sun haɗa da haɓaka a cikin sako-sako, mai wadatar halitta, amma koyaushe ƙasa mai haske tare da amsawar acid. A matsayin irin wannan madadin, zaku iya ɗaukar cakuda da aka gama don azaleas, inda yake da amfani don ƙara ɗanɗan sphagnum da yashi. Na biyu zaɓi shine ƙasa daga gandun daji mai ɗumbin yawa tare da guda na haushi da allura.
Youngan ƙananan tsiran bushes suna buƙatar zafi da haske mai kyau. Shuke-shuke suna fallasa akan windows masu haske, inda akwai yuwuwar yin shayin kore daga hasken rana kai tsaye, wanda yake mahimmanci a lokacin rani.
A cikin lokacin dumi, kula da furen camellia a gida yana saukowa zuwa yin shayarwa na yau da kullun, kayan miya da kuma girki, wanda aka gudanar a hankali a ƙarshen watan Agusta.
Dankin yana daidaita da yanayin zafi ba tare da matsala ba, saboda haka ana yawan tura camellia na kasar Sin zuwa baranda, gidajen rani ko kuma gonar. Amma tare da farkon kaka, yana da kyau don canja wurin tukunya zuwa zafi.
Yanayin zafin jiki na tsawon lokacin hutawa shine 15 ° C. Arin sanyaya yana barazanar zalunci da mutuwar shuka.
A cikin kwanakin zafi kuma lokacin da shuka yake a cikin ɗakin mai zafi, yana da amfani a fesa camellia na Sinawa tare da ruwan dumi. Ruwa ne da za'ayi domin a lokacin aiki ciyayi kasar gona karkashin daji ne ko da yaushe m. Koyaya, wuce haddi dole ne a zana akai. Al’ada daidai take da shayar da ruwa mai ruwan sha. Mulching tare da haushi da yankakken needles steles yana aiki da kyau.
Shekaru da yawa bayan dasa, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar dasawa kowace shekara. Sannan haɓaka girma yana raguwa, kuma ana iya canja wurin camellia zuwa babban akwati a cikin shekaru 2-4, ba da yanayin shuka ba.
Don yaduwar shuka, yana da sauƙi don amfani da cuttings na apical da aka samo ta hanyar girka Agusta. Ana aiwatar da matattakala ne a cikin daskararren haske ko ruwa a ƙarƙashin murfin fim. Amma banda wannan hanyar, yana yiwuwa a shuka camellia daga tsaba.
Shuka daga cikin ƙwayoyin shayi na Sinanci daga tsaba
Ana iya samun hatsi don hunturu ko shuka mai shuka daga daji ko ya saya a cikin shago.
- Kafin shiga cikin ƙasa, ana bincika iri don germination ta hanyar nutsewa a cikin ruwa da cire haske, tsararren tsaba.
- Bayan haka, 'ya'yan da aka yi niyyar shuka' camellia 'na kasar Sin a gida ana nutsar dasu cikin ruwan zafi, inda ake ajiye su awanni da yawa. Ana iya maye gurbin wannan hanyar ta hanyar soki na awanni 48 a cikin ruwan zafin jiki.
- Abubuwan da aka shirya suna matse su 3-5 cm a cikin cakuda cakuda ƙasa, yashi da peat.
- An rufe akwati tare da amfanin gona da fim ko gilashi kuma an bar ta a zazzabi na 22-25 ° C.
Beforeasa kafin fitowar, bayan watanni 1-2, ya kamata ya riƙe danshi, yayin da za a fitar da gidan kore, a ɗan buɗe fim ɗin a taƙaice.
Abubuwan fashewa ya kamata a fara rayuwa lokacin buɗe aƙalla ƙananan ganye na gaske. Tuni a wannan zamani, camellias na kasar Sin suna shirya tukwane na mutum, kuma lokacin dasawa, yana da mahimmanci kada a zurfafa tushen wuya.
A cikin shekarar farko, ci gaban daji bai wuce 30 cm ba, sannan kuma ya kara zama kasa sosai. A cikin shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa, camellia blooms, da tarin ganyayyaki don shayi mai ƙanshi a gida na iya farawa a cikin shekaru 5-7. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, camellia a gida ta zama ainihin hanta mai zurfi kuma tana kasancewa tare da mutum tsawon shekaru fiye da dozin.
