Duranta, ko da yake yana da sunan da ba shi da jituwa sosai, amma wannan bai hana shi zama ɗan itacen ƙaya mai girma tare da kyawawan furanni masu launuka daban-daban ba, ya dogara da nau'in shuka. Duk da cewa tana da bayyananniyar yanayin kuma unpretentiousness, ba wuya an gan ta a cikin tarin lambu ba.
Babban bayani
Bayan 'yan dozin shekaru da suka gabata, durant sau da yawa ana samun shi azaman ƙoshin ƙasan gida. Koyaya, yanzu, har yanzu akwai masu ƙaunar wannan kyakkyawan tsire-tsire wanda ba shi da wata ma'amala da suke tsinkaye a cikin gida.
A zahiri, Durant sunan ba fure guda bane, amma duka rashi, wanda ya hada da shukakkun ciyawa tare da kyawawan furanni, wakiltar dangin Verbenov. A cikin duka, akwai kusan nau'in ashirin da biyu.
Itatuwan sunanta da sunan bakon godiya ga masanin kimiyyar kasar Italiya Castore Durante. Mutane na kiran durant "dakin Birchkotattabara Berry"A waje zaka iya jin sunaye kamar"ban kwana hawayekofuren fure".
Babban fa'idar ɗan itacen nesa shine kyawawan furanni, tare da shuɗi, lilac, farar fata ko furanni masu ruwan shuɗi. Haka kuma akwai nau'ikan launuka tare da farin cibiyar da kan iyaka tare da gefuna da furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi.
An tattara furanni a cikin inflorescences, ana cinye shi cikin tsayi, goge mai marmari. Bayan durant ya fadada, berries yana bayyana a cikin haske mai haske mai haske. Ganyen daji ba su da ƙarancin furanni da kyau. Ana iya bambanta su, amma galibi suna da launin koren duhu mai duhu da gefuna da ƙyalli.
Itace tana da rassa mai yawa da yawo. Mai guba ne sosai. Durant an noma shi kamar daji tare da rassa masu rassa. Daga wata bishiya mai rarrafe, zaku iya samar da karamin bonsai. A cikin daji, Durant yana girma a Kudancin Amurka. Za'a iya samun shukokin cikin gida ba kawai akan windowsill ba, har ma a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi.
Iri da iri
Duranta kadan geisha - shuka yana da furanni masu launin shuɗi mai haske, tare da farin iyakar wavy da cibiya. Suna da bayyanar inflorescences, suna tsara tsayi, cikakken goge.
Duranta Plume - kyakkyawan shukar da ya kai tsayin mita 2.5. Yana da kullun, ganye masu kyau tare da ƙarshen ƙusoshin da suka yi kama da ganye na Birch. Durant na wannan iri-iri yana halin yawan furanni. Furanni na iya zama shuɗi ko shunayya.
Duranta variegate - wani hade yake da farin-cream-kore ganye ruwan tabarau da launuka masu launin shuɗi.
Duranta shuɗi - inji yana da duhu kore ganye tare da nuna ƙarshen da haske blue furanni da cewa samar da dogon goge.
Duranta Green & Gwal - Itace wannan nau'in kuma ana kiranta tricolor. An rarrabe ta da ganye daban-daban tare da tsakiyar rawaya da gefuna kore. Furanni suna da launin shuɗi mai haske da ƙanshi mai daɗi. An tattara su a cikin goge dake a ƙarshen harbe.
Duranta fari - itace mai tsayi zuwa tsayi na mita 1.5. Yana da harbe-gyaren tetrahedral, ana nuna shi da ƙananan ƙwallayen buɗe ido, ganyen magarya mai fata, wanda aka nuna a ƙarshen. Furanni suna da farin farin dusar ƙanƙara da ƙanshin warin vanilla.
Tunawa da Durant Suite - inji yana da duhu kore kore kore. A durant blooms tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da farin kan iyaka a gefuna ganye. Furanni suna taruwa cikin rataye ƙasa goge tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi.
Durant erecta alba - yana ɗayan nau'ikan cikin gida na yau da kullun. Itace na da ganyayyaki masu kauri irin na lu'u-lu'u mai kyau tare da wajan gefen bakin. Tsawonta bai wuce mita 1.5 ba. An gabatar da furanni a cikin nau'i mai kauri, lilac, fari da shuɗi tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi.
Kulawar Durant
Durant baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, saboda haka kowa zai iya haɓaka shi, a gida. Kamar yawancin tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin tsiro, bishiyar tana buƙatar haske mai yawa, zafi da damshi. Ta hanyar koyon ruwa, ciyar da datsa durant ɗin a kan kari, zaku iya shuka kyakkyawan shuka wanda zai faranta muku rai da furanni masu ƙanshi da ƙanshi mai daɗi kusan duk zagaye shekara.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa durant yayi girma a cikin tropics, ya fi dacewa da yanayin zafin jiki na matsakaici. A lokacin dumi, yakamata ta samar da tsarin zazzabi na kimanin digiri ashirin, kuma a cikin hunturu daga digiri 15 zuwa 17.
A cikin lokacin sanyi, ya kamata a canja durant ɗin zuwa dakin sanyi inda zazzabi ba zai sauke ƙasa da digiri 12 ba. A lokacin bazara, idan tayi zafi a waje, ya kamata a fitar da daji zuwa cikin iska mai kyau.
Domin shuka ya yi fure, yakamata ya samar da haske mai yawa, idan kuka kiyaye shi a inuwa, to ba zaku iya jiran furannin ba. Idan wutar ba ta wadatar ba, ganye na iya bushewa, kuma a wasu nau'ikan, gaba ɗaya sai ku fara crumble. A kan kwanakin zafi, ya kamata a girgiza durant ɗin.
Verbena kuma memba ne na dangin Verbena. An girma yayin shuka da kulawa a cikin ƙasa ba tare da wahala mai yawa ba, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar bin ka'idodin aikin gona da yawa. Kuna iya samun duk shawarwarin da suka dace don haɓaka wannan shuka a cikin wannan labarin.
Watara Durants
Duranta yana matukar son danshi, kodayake, yawan shayarwar zai dogara ne da lokacin shekara. A cikin lokacin dumi, ya kamata a shayar da shuka sau ɗaya kowace kwana huɗu, kuma a cikin sanyi - sau ɗaya a mako. Dole ne a tantance buƙatar danshi ta yadda yanayin danshi yake. Idan ya bushe rabin, to daji yana buƙatar shayarwa.
Hakanan ya kamata ku kula da laima. Wannan samfurin ba shi da mahimmanci ga mazaunin ƙasashe masu zafi. Za'a iya ƙaruwa da zafi ko dai ta hanyar fesawa daga cikin tsiro na shuka, ko ta amfani da daskararren gida.
A cikin lokacin sanyi, ya kamata a rage yawan danshi don guje wa cututtukan da zasu iya haifar da yawan danshi. Hakanan a cikin hunturu, Wajibi ne a kiyaye durant ɗin daga kayan dumama, don kada ya bushe ƙasa kuma kada ya cutar da daji.
Durant ƙasa
Soilasa don haɓakar al'ada da haɓakar shuka dole ne ya kasance mai sako-sako, mai numfashi, mai gina jiki kuma yana da tsaka-tsakin acidity. Don dasawa, zaku iya amfani da ƙasa tsaka tsaki tare da ƙari a cikin yashi.
Don shirya canji da kanka, ya kamata ku ɗauka yashi, takarda da ƙasa turƙa daidai gwargwado. Sa'an nan kuma ƙara perlite, peat da vermiculite a cikin adadi kaɗan.
Hakanan wajibi ne don kulawa da magudanar ruwa, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman kwakwalwan bulo da yumɓu masu yumɓu. Tsarin lambatu yakamata ya zauna kashi na huɗu na tukunyar filawa.
Canza furannin
Matasa shuka yana buƙatar sake shuka shi kowace shekara. Yaron girma lokacin da ya cancanta. Juyawa da shuka, zaku iya fitar da asalin dan kadan. Don yin wannan, yana da Dole a cire wani ɓangare na ƙaƙƙarfan "ji" wanda ke haɗe da gefen ƙurar ƙasa.
Idan shuka yayi girma sosai kuma babu yuyuwar dasawa dashi, yakamata a sabunta saman daga kowace shekara. Amma har yanzu ya fi kyau a yi juyawa.
Ciyar da Durants
Ana ciyar da ciyar da ciyarwa a lokacin bazara. A cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar ciyar da shuka idan ya cancanta. Idan shura yana da dumin dumu, to kada a dakatar da taki. Idan lokacin hutawa ne aka shirya, a wannan yanayin, dole ne a soke sutturar miya.
Zaɓin takin zamani ya zama dole dangane da iri iri. Idan durant ne variegate, domin shi ya kamata ka zabi saman miya don deciduous ornamental shuke-shuke da ƙara abun ciki na nitrogen. Wannan abun alama zai bawa durant din damar samo ciyawar chicage.
Idan iri-iri na fure yana fure, to ya kamata a zaɓi ciyarwar don irin nau'in tsiron fure. Hakanan, kar a manta game da gabatarwar tsarin takin gargajiya a cikin kasar.
Alamar Trimming
Don ba daji tsari mai kyau, yana da muhimmanci a datsa shi lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Za'a iya shirya shuka duka a cikin nau'i na shrub da kuma a cikin nau'i na itace. Kuna buƙatar cire karyewar, gaɓar girma da tsofaffin rassa. Pruning ne da za'ayi kawai bayan shuka fadada.
Gudun kan ruwa
Yawancin lokaci, lokacin fure na shukar yana faɗuwa akan lokacin bazara-lokacin bazara kuma yana kasancewa daga watanni biyar zuwa watanni shida tare da gajerun cikas, a cikin lokacin akwai haɓakar sabon haɓaka da haɓaka daga rassa.
Idan aka samar da tsiro tare da microclimate mai ɗumi, mai sanyin haske da haske, zai iya yin fure tsawon shekara guda.
Duranta a cikin hunturu
A lokacin hunturu, ya wajaba a kula da mai gida kamar haka. Inji yana buƙatar samar da adadin haske wanda ya zama dole. Lokacin da aka rage awoyi na hasken rana, zaka iya ƙara hasken wucin gadi tare da fiitolamps.
Ya kamata a rage zafi, dole ne a yi daidai da tsarin zafin jiki, rage shi zuwa digiri 12-15. Watering ya kamata a za'ayi kamar yadda kasar gona ta kafe, amma ba fiye da sau ɗaya a mako.
Idan ɗan itacen ya girma a kan titi, yakamata a kiyaye shi daga tsananin sanyi, rufe ƙasa kusa da tushen tare da sawutsi, yana karkatar da rassa a ƙasa da kuma dumama durant ɗin, yana sa murfin polyethylene akan sa. Saboda haka, daji ba zai ji tsoron sanyi ba kuma zai ci lokacin hunturu ba tare da daskarewa ba.
Durant bayan hunturu
Tare da farkon lokacin bazara, shuka yakamata ya ƙara zafi zuwa 70% kuma ya shayar da shi, yana kawo shi har sau biyu a mako. Koyaya, yana da Dole a saka idanu akan kasar gona kuma a shayar da ruwa lokacin da kasa take bushe da bushe.
Hakanan, shuka a lokacin girma yakamata ya samar da isasshen adadin hasken rana da daidaita tsarin zafin jiki, wanda yakamata yakai digiri 20.
Shuke-shuken da ke girma a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa dole ne a sake su daga murfin kariya, sassauta ƙasa, bincika yanayin rassan kuma, idan ya cancanta, riguna babba.
Durant yaduwa ta hanyar yanke
Sake bugun gida duwatsun ana yin su ne ta hanyar ƙwaya. Don samun ganyen, wanda ya isa ya ɗauki harbe-harben apical-lignified, datsa su kuma dasa su cikin cakuda-peat-sand, tun da farko ya sa su cikin takamaiman bayani wanda aka yi amfani da shi don tayar da haɓaka.
Domin tushen ya haifar a cikin yankan, ya zama dole don tabbatar da babban zafi da dumama akwatin tare da ƙirar daga ƙasa zuwa digiri 25. Domin a gare su su yi tushe, ya fi kyau a shirya ƙaramin greenhouse a ajiye su har sai an dasa.
Duranta namo iri
Durant don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa shine yawancin zuriyarsu ke yaduwa. Don yin wannan, ɗaukar ƙwayar tsaba, jiƙa su har rana ɗaya a cikin ruwa mai dumi, ƙara humates kamar "Zircon" ko "Epina" a ciki.
Bayan kwana guda, dole ne a shuka iri a cikin ƙasa mai hatsi a santimita 1.5, sa su cikin karamin greenhouse. Dole ne a shirya shi a cikin wuri mai haske kuma a kula da tsarin zafin jiki na kimanin digiri 25. Tsaba za su fara yin shuka a cikin wata daya ko biyu.
Cutar da kwari
Duranta yana da cikakken juriya ga cututtuka da kwari. Amma idan ba a kula da shuka yadda yakamata ba, alal misali, an shayar da shi sosai ko kuma a ajiye shi a cikin dakin sanyi, tushen tsarin na iya fara jujjuyawa. Kuma idan bai isa ba don ƙasƙantar da iska, kwari zasu iya bugun bugun. Kulawar da ta dace za ta ba da damar shuka su kasance lafiya kuma su ci gaba cikin jituwa.
Duk da daidaitaccen kulawa da mahimmancin ɗan itacen, ya zama dole a san maƙiyan durant ɗin a cikin mutum. An wakilce su da:
- Aphids - Za'a nuna kasancewar parasites ta hanyar fadada, dunƙule da bushewar ganye. Kwayoyin suna bayyane a fili daga cikin farantin ganye. Wajibi ne a magance su ta hanyar fesawa da kwari kamar Derris da Fitoverma.
- Garkuwa - bayyanar kwari yana kaiwa zuwa ga mutuwar ganye, tun da kwari suke ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Kasancewar scabies an nuna shi ta bayyanar da ƙananan aibobi launin ruwan kasa akan tsire-tsire da kuma sakin ƙwayar m. Don lalata scab, zaku iya shafa ganyen shuka da ruwa mai soapy ko kuma feshe shi da Actellik.
- Farar fata - wannan kwaro yana haifar da launin rawaya da mutuwar ganye. Kwayoyin cuta suna kwance a saman ganyayyaki kuma suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Don magance kwaro, ya kamata a fesa murfin tare da Kinmix da Admiral na dogon lokaci.
- Spider mite - lokacin da waɗannan ɓoyayyun suka bayyana, saiwoyin shuka ya fara bushewa ya faɗi, kuma mai tushe yana ɗaure cikin cobwebs. Kuna iya shawo kan kaskon ta hanyar tsabtace shuka ta amfani da wanka da kuma kula da maganin kwari na Decis.
- Rot - lalata tushen tsarin yakan haifar da faɗuwa daga ganye da mutuwar durant. Kuna iya taimakawa daji kawai ta hanyar dasawa. Don wannan dalili, tushen tsarin ya kamata a girgiza ƙasa, cire wuraren rotted, bi da maganin antiseptik kuma transed cikin sabon ƙasa da tukunya.
Me yasa durant baya Bloom
Domin shuka ya yi fure kuma ya faranta wa masu shi, ya kamata a sanyaya a lokacin sanyi. Yanke shuka kawai a kaka, lokacin da ya riga ya lalace. Don sanya daji a cikin wurin da aka kunna. Shuka shi a cikin tukunyar da ba ta cika ciki ba, tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta wuce gona da iri, tun da yake ƙasa mai yawa na iya yin shisshigi tare da fure daga murhun. Duk waɗannan abubuwan suna haifar da gaskiyar cewa shuka ta daina fure.
Dalilin da yasa dantse ke bushewa
Idan ƙwayar shuka ta bar ganye a lokacin kaka-hunturu, to wannan cikakken al'ada ne.
Koyaya, lokacin zubar da ganyayyaki a lokacin girma da fure, matsalar na iya kwanciya cikin kulawa mara kyau ko lalacewa ta hanyar kwari. Ta kawar da shi, durant ɗin zai hanzarta kafa kyakkyawan ,an murfi, daddaɗa da ɗaukar nauyi.
