Hanyar kore na tumatir na girma yana ba ka damar samun amfanin gona yayin lokaci lokacin da ba shi yiwuwa a yi hakan a buɗe ƙasa. Yin amfani da rufin polycarbonate na zamani, zaku iya shuka tsire-tsire a farkon bazara ba tare da ƙarin dumama ba. Yi la'akari da abin da ya haɗa da kulawa da tumatir a cikin gidan kore na polycarbonate.
Dasa tumatir tumatir
Kula da tumatir a cikin greenhouse yana farawa ne da dasa shuki da aka shirya a wani wuri a koyaushe girma.
Successfularin ci gaba mai dorewa na tsire-tsire na manya da yawan fruitsan itan tumatir ya dogara da ingancin dasa da aka yi a cikin ƙasa.
Ta hanyar dasa shuki seedlings, tumatir ya kamata ya sami sigogi masu zuwa:
- tsayin tsirrai 25-25 cm;
- gaban farkon toho (wataƙila buɗewar farkon fure);
- launin koren duhu mai duhu na harbe da ganye;
- diamita na babban tushe a cikin yanki na tushen wuyansa akalla 1 cm;
- kasancewar aƙalla 7 ingantacciyar ganye na gaskiya;
- tushen tsarin gaba daya ya hadewa dunƙule guda ɗaya kuma yana da tushen fari ne kawai.
Wajibi ne shuka iri bisa ga wani tsari, wanda ya dogara da halaye na iri iri. Ta hanyar dasa shuki, tsire-tsire za su lulluɓe juna, za su shimfiɗa, wanda zai kai ga haifar da ci gaban cututtuka da raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Tare da tsarin da ba a taɓa samun saurin shuka ba, ba za a yi amfani da yankin na kore ba, wanda zai haifar da ƙarancin amfanin gona.
Saboda haka, wajibi ne don zaɓar tsarin ƙasa mafi kyau duka kuma an bada shawarar yin amfani da waɗannan sigogi masu zuwa:
- Varietiesanyan dabaran da ke da cikakkiyar cikakkiyar halitta tare da samuwar 2-3 mai tushe ana shuka su ne bisa tsarin 60x40 cm.
- Tumatir mai tsafta tare da babban tushe guda 1 ana shuka denser - 50x30 cm.
- A cikin tumatir masu tsayi ba tare da tsayi ba, tsarin dasa shuki ne - 80x70 cm.
Gilashin kyawawan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ana shuka su ne a cikin ramuka, ana binne su zuwa cm 3-5. Idan tsire-tsire sun girma, to, ana iya sa tumatir a cikin ƙasa a zurfin akalla 10 cm, yayin tono rami. Rootsarin Tushen ana samun sauƙin kafa akan tushe, wanda zai iya ciyar da ɗimbin saurin girma.
Yadda za a kula da tumatir a cikin greenhouse bayan dasa shuki?
Abubuwa da yawa suna shafar rayuwar rayuwa na shuka da kuma ci gaba na shuka tumatir. Yi la'akari da cikakkun bayanai game da mahimman abubuwan yayin kula da tumatir.
Zazzabi
A lokacin karbuwa na seedlings a cikin sabon yanayin greenhouse, dole ne a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a cikin mafi kyawun jeri daga +22 zuwa +25 digiri, yayin da ƙasa ya kamata ya dumama sama da digiri +15. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire da sauri suna ba da sabon Tushen kuma sun fara girma da sauri.
Kula da tumatir a cikin gidan kore na polycarbonate ya hada da buƙatar kulawa da kullun game da tsarin zafin jiki. Polycarbonate yana da kaddarorin shinge mai ƙarfi da kuma watsa haske mai kyau, don haka a yanayin rana yanayin zafin rana da rana zai iya ƙaruwa sosai kuma ya kai ga mahimmancin tsire-tsire (sama da +35 digiri). Buɗe ƙofofi da transoms zasu rage zafin jiki.
Idan babu kullun dumama a cikin greenhouse, to, tare da yiwuwar fara sanyi, dole ne a sanya ƙarin tushen zafin. A cikin ingancinta, za'a iya amfani da nau'ikan masu ƙonewa, bindigogi masu zafi ko kuma fitilun kerosene kawai.
Watse
Kafin dasa shuki, yana da kyau kar a shayar da 'ya'yan itacen tsawon kwanaki 2-3. Hakan bazai zama mai garaje ba kuma zai sami karin hardening.
Nan da nan bayan dasa tumatir, ya zama dole don aiwatar da yawan shayarwa. Wannan shine ɗayan dokoki masu mahimmanci don kula da tumatir a cikin greenhouse. Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar lambar asalin tare da ƙasa. Idan ba a yin wannan ba, tsire-tsire na iya zama makale sannan kuma a yi rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci, wanda a ƙarshe zai cutar da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
An cigaba da amfani da ruwa ta hanyar bushewa ƙasa na sama. Ana kiyaye matakin zafi a kashi 85% na cikakken ƙarfin danshi. Hanya mafi sauki na tabbatarwa ana aiwatar da ita ne ta hanyar damfara daga kasa daga kasa 10 cm a dunkule .. Idan, bayan bude tafin hannu, dunƙule dunkulen da baiyi ba a hannu, to lallai gumi yana da kyau;
A kan kwanakin zafi a lokacin bazara, yawan ruwa a wasu lokuta ya zama dole, ko ma sau biyu a rana.
Soilarancin ƙasa da ke zubar da ciki yana lalata ganyayyaki, sabili da haka, a cikin yanayin sanyi, ya kamata a aiwatar da shakar ruwa fiye da sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 3-4.
Taki
Lokacin dasa shuki a ƙasa ramin, ya zama dole don cika takin farawa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da 20 g na nitroammophos tare da abun ciki na N16P16K16. Tushen kada ta kasance ta sadu da granules saboda haɗarin ƙonewa, saboda haka an haɗe su da ƙasa.
Manyan miya shine ɗayan mahimman ayyuka a cikin kula da tumatir a cikin gidan shinkafa. Ana yin su a mako-mako tare da m ruwa. Tumatir suna da matukar buƙata a kan abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa, musamman phosphorus. A cikin arsenal na tumatir grower, yakamata yakamata a samarda phosphate da kuma potassium nitrate. Waɗannan takin zamani biyu ne da ke nuna sauƙin aiki wanda zai cika buƙatar shuka tumatir a cikin macroelements. Sun dauki 20 g kowane, narkar da a cikin guga na ruwa lita goma kuma ana shayar da akalla bushes 10.
Pollination
Kula da tumatir yayin buɗe taro na buds ya haɗa da ayyukan da ke haɓaka samuwar ovaries. Tumatir suna da furanni masu lalata kansu. Don pollen ya zubo da bugun ƙwaro, kawai girgiza tumatir ɗan kadan. Ana yin wannan aikin da safe a cikin yanayin rana.
A lokacin samun iska, kwari sukan tashi zuwa cikin gidan shinkafa, wanda ke taimakawa furannin fure. Bumblebees yayi shi sosai. Kuna iya sanya hive tare da bumblebees a cikin greenhouse don ƙara yawan 'ya'yan itace.
Lura da duk ka'idodin da aka ambata na kula da tumatir a cikin gidan shinkafa, zaka iya samun girbin yalwar tumatir mai daɗi.
