Fure kararrawa (CAMPANULA) Ya kasance dangi mai kara. Waɗannan furanni suna da mashahuri sosai a cikin lambun bazara, duk da haka, suna buƙatar bin wasu yanayi yayin girma. Sunan shuka ya fito daga kalmar Latin "campana", wanda ke nufin "kararrawa" kuma an yi bayanin shi ta siffar corolla. Mutanen suna kiran furen fure gidan tsuntsu, fillet, kararrawa, ko chenille.
Wadannan tsire-tsire na fure sunyi girma a cikin lambuna na ɗaruruwan shekaru. Ana ƙaunar su a duk faɗin duniya, gami da saboda bambancin jinsuna. Don haka, botanists suna da nau'ikan furanni 300 na furanni kararrawa, kuma ana shuka 100 daga cikinsu.
A bayyanar, ana iya raba nau'ikan iri daban-daban da nau'ikan shuwagabani zuwa kungiyoyi biyu: tsayi, galibi ya danganta da asalinsu zuwa ga wuraren kiwo da kuma farin gandun daji, da ƙanƙantar - tsire-tsire na kankara da talus. Amma sai suka duka Bloom profusely daga Yuni zuwa Agusta, kai 'ya'yan itace da kyau.
Iri da nau'ikan furanni lambun fure (tare da hoto)
Yawancin nau'ikan karrarawa na lambun sun hada da tsire-tsire waɗanda ke girma bushes sama da 40 cm:
Karin kararrawa (C. trachelium) - tsayin 40-80 cm, furanni fari, shuɗi-violet, wanda aka tattara cikin buroshi, tsire-tsire na dazuzzuka na Eurasia.
Ellararrawa ne mai ruwa-ruwa (C. lactiflora) - tsayi 80-120 cm, fararen furanni, Lilac, Lilac, wanda aka tattara a cikin babban inflorescence na pyramidal, adadi har zuwa 100 fure, tsire-tsire na bishiyoyin subalpine na Caucasus.
Bell peach ganye (C. tsallaka) - tsawo 70-90 cm, furanni suna da kararrawa, fari, shuɗi, wani lokaci ninki biyu, wanda aka tattara a cikin goge-gogen da ba kasafai yake girma ba, yayi girma akan ƙasa mai yashi a cikin gandunan Pine na Eurasia, na yara.
Kararrawa take cike da jama'a (C. dunkin) - yana da siffofin tsayi (har zuwa 100 cm) da rashin kunya (20-30 cm), furanni fari ne, shuɗi ko shuɗi mai duhu, an tattara shi cikin inflorescence mai yawa. Yadu ko'ina a cikin makiyaya, farin ciki daji da kuma a cikin steppes na Eurasia, undemanding a al'adu.
Karin kararrawa (C. - tsayi 100-150 cm, fure mai girma (har zuwa 6 cm tsayi) a cikin dogon inflorescence-goga, girma a cikin makiyaya mai tsayi na Caucasus, Altai, Turai.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani a cikin hoto, furannin shudi masu launin shudi suna iya samun inflorescences na farin, shuɗi, launi lilac:
Wadanda ba a tantance su ba:
Carpathian (C. carpatica) - furanni fari da shuɗi.
Gargan (C. garganica) - 10-15 cm tsayi, girma a cikin m "matashin kai", fure-mai siffa tauraro, launin toka-shudi, inji na dutse mai sihiri.
Pericarp (C. cochleariifolia = C. pusilla) - Siffar creeping thickets 5-12 cm high, furanni karami ne, drooping, a sako-sako da inflorescences, fararen ko violet-blue, tsiro a kan calcareous kankara na Turai.
Bell Pozharsky (C. poscharskyana) - siffofin matashin kai-tsaye mai dimbin yawa cm 20 cm, furanni suna da fadi-zagaye, tauraro mai siffa, yadudduka lavender, yayi girma a kan dutsen da ke kan dutsen Kudancin Turai.
Portenschlag Bell (C. Hancin) - lowaramin (5-10 cm) tare da karrarawa-mai launin shuɗi, tsire-tsire na duwatsun Turai.
Bell batu (C. punctata) - 20-25 cm tsayi, bushes tare da ƙarancin gogewar furanni masu ruwan hoda tare da dige masu duhu a ciki, yayi girma a cikin gandun dazuzzukan tsaunuka na Gabas nesa.
Shuka, kulawa da haifuwar karrarawa
Duk dogayen karrarawa sunfi son rana (amma kuma iya girma cikin inuwa am) yankuna tare da ƙasa mai tsaka-tsakin ƙasa. Lokacin girma furanni na bluebells na ƙananan nau'ikan haɓaka (banda ma'ana), suna buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi tare da dumbin zafi da haske, don samar da ruwa mai kyau, matattara (zai fi dacewa a sanyaye). Tare da wuce haddi na danshi, da tsire-tsire ƙafe da fada fita.
Ana fitar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace na fure da ƙwayar zuriya (shuka a cikin bazara) ko kuma ta rarraba daji (a cikin bazara da ƙarshen bazara) da kuma tushen yanke (harbe na matasa a watan Mayu). Yawan saukowa: babba - 5 inji mai kwakwalwa. da 1 m2, low - 12 inji mai kwakwalwa.
Don dasa shuki da kulawa da karrarawa na nau'ikan tsayi, an zaɓi gadaje fure ko kuma masu ba da kayan wuta. Yawancin tsire-tsire sun dace da yankan. Typesauren furanni masu ƙarancin furanni shine babban kayan ado don rafukan rana. Kyakkyawan tsirrai don kan iyaka - karrarawa da aka yi da Carpathian.
