Me yasa ganye kokwamba ya zama rawaya, bushe da curl?

Kowane ɗan lambu na iya jima ko a baya fuskantar matsalar iri ɗaya - cucumbers ba zato ba tsammani sun fara juyawa, ya bushe, wani lokacin kuma ganye. Me yasa wannan yake faruwa da kuma yadda za'a hana rawaya na ganye na cucumbers? Yadda za a dakatar dashi kafin lokaci yayi latti? A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi la'akari da dalilan da yasa ganyen cucumbers ya zama rawaya, bushe da curl. Kuma kuma - hanyoyin yin rigakafi da ikon magance wannan matsala.

Yanayin ba daidai ba don cucumbers

Ruwa da cucumbers ta irin wannan yanayin cewa akwai wadataccen danshi a cikin ƙasa, amma ba wuce ƙima ko rashi ba. Tare da rashin danshi, ana tabbtar da ganyen cucumbers ɗin da launin rawaya, tare da wuce haddi na danshi a cikin ƙasa, ban da ganyayyaki sun zama rawaya, tsirrai da kansu ma zasu iya fara lalacewa. Zai fi dacewa, kasar gona ya kamata a sanyaya ta ɗan matsakaici zuwa zurfin kusan 9-12 cm.

Me zan yi idan kokwamba ya bar cikin greenhouse ko ƙasa ba zato ba tsammani fara canza launi? Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar tsayar da shayar da ruwa nan da nan, ku tabbatar ko kasar gona tana da isasshen ruwan sanyi, ko an shayar dashi ko kuma ruwan sha. Wannan abu ne mai sauki don tantancewa ta hanyar tono ƙasa zuwa zurfin santimita 9 - 9. Mafi kyawun tsarin ban ruwa a cikin gidan kore shine guga na ruwa a kowace murabba'in mita, kowane kwana biyu ko uku. A bayyane yake cewa idan akwai zafi, to, ana iya ninka ciyawar cucumbers biyu, kuma idan danshi da gajimare ne, to sai a rage da rabi.

Idan ƙasa a ƙarƙashin cucumbers ta yi laushi sosai, to, dole ne a dakatar da shayarwa kuma ku kwance ƙasa a duk farfajiya. An kuma ba da izinin yayyafa busasshen kogin bushe ko ash na itace a farfajiya, suna sha wasu danshi.

A cikin taron cewa ƙasa a ƙarƙashin cucumbers an overdried, to lallai ne ya zubar da kyau. Ruwan zazzabi ne kawai yakamata a yi amfani dashi don sanyaya ƙasa, kuma don danshi don shiga zurfin ƙasa, yana da kyau a sassauta shi kafin ruwa. Bayan an yi ruwa, kasar gona ya kamata a mulched tare da humus tare da Layer of 1 santimita.

Kasawar taki

Idan akwai isasshen danshi a cikin ƙasa, kuma ganyayyaki sun zama rawaya, to lallai ne a ciyar da tsirrai. Don haka, an san cewa a cikin tsawon lokacin aiki, dole ne a ciyar da cucumbers tare da takin nitrogen, idan ba a kai su ba, to ganye zai fara juyawa.

A farkon yellowing na ganye, zaku iya ƙoƙarin ciyar da cucumbers tare da nitonium nitrate, yana narke 25-30 g a guga na ruwa. Yawan amfani da irin wannan maganin shine kusan lita 1.5-2 a kowace murabba'in mita. A bu mai kyau zuwa ga manyan riguna sau 2 sau 2-3, suna mai da hankali ga yanayin furen ganye. A cikin taron cewa yellowness na ganye bai ƙazantar da ba, zaku iya ciyar da su da maganin nitroammofoski, yana narkar da tablespoon wannan taki a guga na ruwa. Yawan amfani shine lita 3-4 a kowace murabba'in mita na ƙasa.

A cikin taron cewa ganyen cucumbers ba kawai fara juya launin rawaya ba ne, amma kuma yana iya jan kunne, wannan wataƙila yana nuna gagarumar rashi nitrogen a cikin ƙasa. Zai iya fahimtar cewa wannan shine ainihin rashin nitrogen a cikin shugabanci na tafkin ganye na kokwamba, idan ya narke, to tabbas wannan karancin nitrogen ne.

Yana yiwuwa a rama ƙarancin ƙwayar nitrogen ta hanyar gabatar da ammonium nitrate a cikin ƙasa a cikin adadin 15-18 g a kowace murabba'in mita, tun da farko an narkar da shi cikin ruwa. A maraice, zaku iya kula da tsire-tsire na kokwamba da ammonium nitrate ta hanyar share 8-10 g wannan takin a guga na ruwa. Wannan zai rigaya ya zama babban riguna, wanda zai iya ba da tasiri mai kyau.

Ganyen yellowing saboda karancin sinadarin nitrogen.

Lokacin sanyi

Komai yana da sauki: sanyi a lokacin da bai dace da tsire-tsire ba shine mafi tsananin damuwa a gare su, kuma koyaushe suna amsa wannan damuwa a daidai wannan - tare da necrosis. Rawaya wuraren launin kokwamba ganye - wannan necrosis.

Lokacin da ganye rawaya ya bayyana a kan kokwamba, yi ƙoƙarin kawo zazzabi a cikin greenhouse (a buɗe ƙasa, alas, ba za mu iya yin komai ba) zuwa al'ada. A cikin rana, da zafin jiki na yau da kullun na kokwamba a cikin shinkafa shine + 23 ... +25 digiri, a cikin girgije mai + 19 ... +21 digiri, da dare - + 16 ... +19 digiri; lokacin 'ya'yan itace - lokacin rana a cikin yanayin rana + 24 ... +25 digiri, a cikin girgije + 22 ... + digiri 24, kuma da dare + 19 ... +21 digiri. Kuna iya daidaita zazzabi a cikin greenhouse ta hanyar sanya masu wuta (ƙara shi) ko ta buɗe ganye da ƙofofin (rage zafin jiki).

Rana

Yawancin lokaci, ba rana ba ce da ke cutar ganyen kokwamba, amma a hade tare da wasu dalilai. Sau da yawa mu kanmu zamuyi zargi, kuma rana kawai tayi rauni. Ka ce, idan muka shayar da tsire-tsire na kokwamba a cikin zafi, to, danshi da aka tara akan ƙwanƙarin ganye yana kama da ruwan tabarau: haskoki suna wucewa ta ƙone ƙurar ganye. Zabi na biyu shine lokacin da wani karamin ruwan sama na gajeren lokaci ya fadi, wanda yake barin kankanan faduwa a jikin faduwar ganye, kuma bayan rana ta fito daga bayan girgije, a zahiri suna tafasa su tashi daga saman ganyen kokwamba, suna barin konewa.

Hanya guda daya kawai ta fita - kar a shayar da tsirrai a cikin wuta ta hanyar ganye, ya fi kyau a gudanar da ruwa a safiya da awanni na yamma, kuma da safe kuna buƙatar gwadawa kada ku hau kan ƙyallen ganye lokacin shayarwa. A cikin gidan kore, don hana yaduwa daga faɗuwa akan ganyen cucumbers, ya zama dole a buɗe ƙorafin don rage zafi da zazzabi kuma a hana faruwar hakan.

Cututtuka daban-daban na cucumbers

Mafi cututtuka na yau da kullun daga manyan cututtukan cututtukan da ke haifar da launin ruwan ƙwayar ganye sune fungal, alal misali, powdery mildew. Shi, ban da canza launi na ruwan wukake na ganye, na iya haifar da bushewarsu da bushewa.

Powdery mildew yana bayyana kamar plaque play a saman gefen ganye. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a kula da tsire-tsire tare da shirye-shirye dangane da jan ƙarfe (HOM, oxychom, Bordeaux fluid) ko fungicides.

Idan kaga sanannu m-launin ruwan kasa mai haske akan ruwan ganye, kuna buƙatar kula da tsirrai tare da 1% colloidal sulfur. Irin waɗannan aibobi, kuma a bayansu bushewar fitar da murɗa ganye daga ganye, sanadin anthracnose. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, magani daya bazai isa ba, a wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar sake yin magani bayan wasu makonni, amma wannan lokacin amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux 1%. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, za a kula da tasirin gyaran tare da sulfate na jan karfe (maganin 0,5%) kai tsaye tare da kamuwa da cuta ko yayyafa shi da baƙin ƙarfe.

Kokwamba ganye bushe da mildew powdery.

Idan masu launin rawaya masu zagaye sun bayyana akan ganyen kokwamba kuma ganyayyaki sun fara bushewa, to sai a juye ruwan da aka shafa a ciki - zaku ga adibas ɗin kuɗi mai tsabta a ƙasa, wanda ke nufin yana da ƙasa mildew. Bayan gano plaque, ya zama dole a dakatar da shayar da tsire-tsire nan da mako guda, sannan a magance su da Oxychom a cikin adadin 18-22 g a guga na ruwa.

Idan akalla wata guda kafin fruiting, zaku iya kula da tsirrai tare da Rizoplan (cokali biyu a kowace guga na ruwa). Yin sarrafawa tare da waɗannan kwayoyi dole ne a aiwatar da su a cikin bazara. Kar ku manta don cire duk firam ɗin daga shafin a cikin kaka kuma ku sake ɗaukar nauyin tumatir a wannan yanki ba bayan shekaru 5-6.

Karin kwari na cucumbers

Yawancin kwari na tsire-tsire na kokwamba, alal misali, aphids, ƙwayar gizo-gizo, tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga kyallen ganye, haifar da rawaya, da ƙarshe - curling da bushewa.

Don fahimtar cewa su ne, yana yiwuwa, da fari, da launi na ganyen cucumbers, wanda da farko juya kodadde, sannan juya launin rawaya da curl, kuma, abu na biyu, ta gaban kwari kansu. Gunguwar Aphid suna da sauki a gano, yana da kyau a juyar da ganye, amma kashin ya fi wahalar lura, koyaushe zaka iya gane cewa kaska ce ta kai hari kan cucumbers, bisa layin gizo-gizo a ƙasan ganyen.

A cikin batun aphids, nitroammophoska iri ɗaya na iya taimakawa - 2 tablespoons a kan guga na ruwa, da kyau, gizo-gizo mite na iya jure da sullar ɓarna - 75-85 g a guga na ruwa.

Kokwamba tushen rauni

Dukansu kwari da ku da ku iya cutar da tushen kokwamba - yankan su lokacin dasa shuki ko kuma saboda ayyukkan rashin amfani lokacin da weeding ko kwance ƙasa.

Game da raunin da ya faru na tushen kokwamba a sakamakon kwance ƙasa, ya zama dole don ciyar da tsirrai tare da takin nitrogen (ammonium nitrate 5-7 g a kowace lita na ruwa - ƙa'idar a kowace murabba'in mita), sannan a hankali karba su kamar santimita.

Ganyen kokwamba da aphids ya shafa.

Sanadin yellowing da wilting daga cikin ƙananan ganyen kokwamba

Mun fitar da dalilai da hanyoyi don kawar da rawaya, walda, da bushewa na babban, manyan banyen ganye na kokwamba, amma ana lura da wannan hoton sau da yawa: babban ganye yana kama da lafiya, da ƙananan, leafanyen ganye na kokwamba ba zato ba tsammani fara juya launin rawaya da ƙonewa. 'Yan lambu suna yin kararrawa, ba su san sanadin wannan abin ba, amma da gaske akwai haɗari?

Dalilin da ya fi dacewa don yellowing daidai ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ganyen kokwamba shine rashin haske. Highera'idodi mafi girma, ƙari mai ƙarfi na ganye yana ɗaukar ƙananan ƙananan ganye kuma suna mutu a kashe, ana ba'a sanarwa.

A wannan yanayin, ba shi da daraja ƙararrawa, zaka iya cire ganye masu launin rawaya da kokwamba waɗanda ke fara bushewa, shuka ba ya buƙatar su.

Dalili na biyu mai yiwuwa ne gano rashi rashikamar magnesium ko macronutrients kamar potassium da phosphorus.

A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don gabatar da takaddun ma'adinai mai ma'ana a ƙarƙashin kokwamba, wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu alama. Adadin aikace-aikacen 12-15 g a kowace murabba'in mita. Aikace-aikacen itace ash wani lokaci yana taimakawa, yana da kyau takin potash wanda ke ɗauke da abubuwan ganowa, ma. A ƙarƙashin kowane daji, bayan kwance da kuma shayar da ƙasa, kuna buƙatar yin 50-100 g na itace ash.

Dalili na uku shine yanayin tsufa na shuka. Idan ƙananan ganyen kokwamba ya fara juyawa zuwa ƙarshen lokacin, to, bai kamata ku damu ba, wataƙila za su mutu, tunda ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ganye sun tsufa.

A wannan yanayin, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine cire ƙwayoyin ganye na kokwamba don kada su yi birgima.

Idan babu ɗayan waɗannan hanyoyin da ke taimakawa, to, bincika: tsirrai suna tsoma baki tare da juna, watakila an sanya su kusa da ganyayyakin ganye waɗanda wasu ke rikitar da waɗanda ke kusa. Idan wannan gaskiya ne, to, dole ne ku ɗauki matakan m - don cire wani ɓangaren lashes na kokwamba ko ma tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya.

Hanyar don dawo da ganyen kokwamba

Don haka, mun bincika dalilai daban-daban don bayyanar rawaya da bushe ganye akan tsire-tsire na kokwamba, amma wani lokacin yana faruwa cewa babu ɗayan waɗannan dalilan da ya dace, to, zaku iya amfani da hanyoyin duniya don dawo da yanayin al'ada na ruwan tabin ganye.

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce a bi da cucumbers tare da mahaɗan da ke iya yaƙi da kwari a lokaci guda, kuma suna wadatar da tsire-tsire tare da ma'adanai.

Zabi Na Daya: cakuda madara da sabulu. Wajibi ne a ƙara lita na madara, 30 g na sabulu mai wanki da saukad da 40 na iodine a guga na ruwa. Yana da mahimmanci a haɗu da sabulu sosai, har sai an narkar da shi gaba ɗaya, zai yi wasa da "m". Tare da wannan maganin, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da cucumbers da zaran ganyen rawaya na farko ya bayyana kuma yin wannan kowane mako biyu har sai sun shuɗe.

Zabi Na Biyu: jiko na burodi da aidin. Wajibi ne a jika burodin hatsin rai a cikin guga na ruwa na tsawon awanni 15-20, bayan wannan ya kamata a kara 60-70 na iodine a cikin maganin, za a iya sarrafa tumatir tare da wannan jiko kowane kwanaki 12-14.

Zabi Na Uku: jiko na albasa husks. Yana da mahimmanci don ɗaukar gram na albasa na 500-600 da kuma zuba guga na ruwa. Dole ne a kawo wannan ƙarfin a tafasa, sannan a cire shi daga wuta, a rufe tare da murfin murfi kuma a bar shi na awanni 12-15. Ya rage zuwa zuriya, tsarma a rabi tare da ruwa kuma zaka iya aiwatar da tsire-tsire ko ruwa a ƙarƙashin wani daji, kuna ciyarwa 250-300 g kowace.

Yadda za a hana yellowing na kokwamba ganye?

A ƙarshe, za mu gaya muku game da mahadi masu amfani waɗanda zasu taimaka hana hana farashi na ɗanyen ganye.

Da fari dai - comfrey na ganye jiko, wannan shine mafi aminci kuma mafi amfani kayan miya. Bugu da ƙari, an lura cewa cucumbers suna amsa mafi kyau ga miya daga comfrey. Domin yin wannan riguna na saman, kuna buƙatar yankan kilogram na sabo comfrey kuma ku cika shi da guga na ruwa, sannan ku bar shi daga kimanin mako guda. Bayan haka ya kasance yana ɗaukar jiko, tsarma shi sau uku kuma amfani dashi duka don fesawa (lita 2-3 a kowace murabba'in mita) da kuma don miya (500-600 g kowace shuka).

Wannan takin yana hade sosai da itacen ash. Hanyar kamar haka - da farko kuna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa, zuba shi tare da wannan takin kore, sannan kuma yayyafa tare da itace ash santimita santimita.

A matsayin prophylactic kan cututtukan fungal da yawa, zaku iya amfani talakawa yin soda soda. Wajibi ne a tsarma tablespoon na soda a cikin guga na ruwa kuma kuyi da cucumbers tare da wannan maganin, kuɗin lita ɗaya a kowace mitir murabba'i kuma kuyi ƙoƙarin shiga bangarorin ganyen.

Pretty tasiri a wannan batun urea bayaniBugu da kari, wannan kyakkyawan foliar ammonia saman miya ne. Wajibi ne a narke 35-45 g na urea a cikin guga na ruwa kuma ku kula da tsirrai, kuna kashe lita na maganin kowane.

Yana da tasirin antifungal fermented madara bayani. Wajibi ne a gauraya kefir ko whey sau biyu kuma a yi jiyya, kuma a bushe da dukkan bangarorin ganyen cucumbers.

Kyakkyawan hanyar hana powdery mildew kuma a lokaci guda kyakkyawan foliar ciyar da cucumbers shine mullein jiko. Yana da Dole a yi kiban kilogram na taki a cikin lita uku na ruwa kuma a bar shi ta kwana guda. Sa'an nan ya kamata a tace jiko, a gauraya shi da ruwa sau uku kuma a sarrafa shi, ana kashe lita 1.5-2 a kowace murabba'in mita.

Da ɗan kadan sakamako, amma har yanzu iya hana bayyanar powdery mildew da yellowing na kokwamba ganye hade da shi, kazalika da ciyar da shuke-shuke da potassium, yana da itace ash jiko ko baki mai daɗi. Don shirye-shiryensa, ya wajaba don narke 500-600 g na katako na itace ko 250-300 g na soot a cikin guga na ruwa kuma ya bar shi don sa'o'i 25-30. Bayan wannan, yana da kyawawa don zuriya jiko kuma zaku iya bi da shi tare da tsire-tsire waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin shiga kan bangarorin ganyen ganye, kuna kashe lita a kowane daji.

Wannan shi ne abin da muke so mu ba da labarin abubuwan sanadin rawaya da bushewar ganyen kokwamba da kuma hanyoyin warware wannan matsalar. Muna fatan cewa mun taimaka muku. Idan kuna da tambayoyi, rubuta su a cikin bayanan, za mu amsa!