Bulbous tsirrai a cikin gida suna kara zama sanannu. Haske mai tsayi da furanni zai farantawa kowane mai girbi, tukwane da filawoyi bayan an iya cire fure a ɗakin mai sanyi kuma a manta dasu har sai lokacin bazara. Babiana itace ɗayan tsirrai don magoya bayan rauquets masu rai, waɗancan masu girbi na fure waɗanda zasu iya samar da hunturu mai sanyi da ƙauna, sama da duka, fure mai ban sha'awa. M da cikakkar yalwar launuka, tare da kyawawan ganye, wannan al'ada mai ban mamaki a cikin yankuna tare da matsanancin winters a cikin ɗakuna yana bayyana duk ƙarfin ado.
A cikin yankuna masu tsananin sanyi, babiana an sami nasarar girma a cikin dakuna.
Menene ɗan akuya yayi kama?
Yawancin al'adun gargajiyar waje waɗanda suka zama taurari na lambuna ko da yanayin da ba su da yawa daga wurare masu zafi sun zo mana daga Afirka ta Kudu. Babiana yana daya daga cikin irin wadannan kasashen Afirka. Duk da kyawun da ba a taɓa ganin fure ba, yana da wahala ka kira ɗan akuya ya shahara sosai. Wannan tsire-tsire ne kawai za a gano mana, amma saboda matsalolin fasaha na aikin gona, babian ya riga ya nuna sha'awar da yawa ba kamar lambun ba, amma kamar lambun fure.
Koda a cikin yankuna na kudu ana iya shuka shi kawai tare da murfin akalla cm 20 na ganye don hunturu .. Ganin cewa a cikin al'adun tukunya yana da sauƙin canza yanayin dangane da matakan haɓaka, kuma shuka yana samun kulawa mafi kyau sosai a wannan yanayin.
Sunan babiana kai tsaye yana nuna asalin tsiron, da kuma dabbobin da suke sha'awar jin daɗin kwararan fitila na wannan al'ada mai zafi. Sunan Latin na babiana ya samo asali ne daga baboons - birai wadanda suka mamaye tsirrai a cikin mahaifarsu kuma suna godiya da kwararan fitila ƙarƙashin ƙasa noan fruitsan itaciyar kyawawan bishiyoyi masu zafi.
Baboons (Babiana) kasance a cikin adadin tsararrun tsarukan bulbous. Ana kwatanta su sau da yawa cikin yanayi, yanayi, girma, fure da fure tare da gladioli. Amma bambance-bambance tsakanin waɗannan al'adun sun fi wanda ya kamace su girma. Abubuwan kwararan fitila na wannan shuka karami ne, kawai yakai 2 cm a diamita, tare da membrane mai zazzabi mai yawa da wuya.
Baboons suna fitar da tsirrai masu sauƙi, madaidaiciya ko masu ja. Haske, ba tsayi da yawa ba, velvevety pubescent ganye tare da bbedataccen farfajiya da kuma shahararren babban Musulunci. Kowace kwan fitila tana samar da ganye har guda 5, wanda idan gungun jama'a suka girma suna haifar da sakamako mai zurfi.
Furen babiana kyakkyawa ne kuma matsakaici, amma yana da kyau sosai. A cikin inflorescence goge, da wuya isa, guda mazurari-dimbin yawa furanni blooming daga sinuses na folded-pubescent bracts ne da wuya located. Ba a iya bayyana bututu ba, tsinkayen ya faɗaɗa kamar kararrawa, abin mamaki kusan daidai yake a cikin lobes, m ko ovo. Uku gajere masu ban sha'awa suna da girman kai a cikin furen. Bayan fure, an ɗaure akwatunan 'ya'yan itace zagaye.
Idan kun bi hanyoyin dabarun noma na yau da kullun tare da dasa shuki a cikin bazara, bunko ya yi fure a farkon bazara. Ta hanyar canza kwanakin dasawa da daidaita matakan ci gaba, daga baya ko farkon fure za'a iya cimmawa.
Palole launuka na adabin yara suna da iyaka. Wannan albasa an haɗa shi da farko tare da inuwa mai haske na launi na lilac mai sanyi. Daga cikin nau'ikan babiana ba abune da ba a saba ba - launuka iri-iri na ruwan hoda, sautunan 'ya'yan itace da ruwan leƙen-orange har ma da ja.
Idan kun bi hanyoyin dabarun noma na yau da kullun tare da dasa shuki a cikin bazara, bunko ya yi fure a farkon bazara.
Nau'in babiana don haɓaka cikin al'adun daki
A cikin al'adun daki, adaka suna wakilci iris iyali (Iridaceae). Duk da gaskiyar cewa wannan shuka a cikin yanayi tana alfahari da babban nau'in nau'in halitta, aan tsire-tsire ne kawai ake amfani da su a daki (kuma a cikin lambu) al'adu.
Babiana kai tsaye (Babiana stricta) - ɗayan kyawawan nau'ikan babi. M harbe tare da tsawo na kawai 30 cm ba sa shuka nondescript a kowane. A ko'ina cikin silsiid, daga 15 zuwa 20 cm, ya fita tare da mamaki mai kyau baki alama don firam siriri amma mai ƙarfi peduncles, wanda daga 4 zuwa 6 fure fure bi da bi. Furen da ke da fa'ida mai shimfiɗa tare da isasshen tsayi, ɗan ƙaramin girma fiye da sauran nau'ikan bututu, saɓo daga sinus ɗin da aka yi ta ɗorawa da ingarma. Tare da diamita na har zuwa 4 cm, furanni suna bayyana sosai saboda launuka masu launin shuɗi ko mulufi. Wannan nau'in na babiana yana da nau'ikan da yawa, sanannen saboda inuwarsu na farin-ja-purple gamma.
Babiana mai launin shuɗi (Babiana rubrocyanea) - Tattara kuma an yi la'akari da tsinkayen gani na A shuka yana da zalla na hali bayyanar. Height har zuwa 30 cm, madaidaiciya harbe tare da goga daga cikin mazurari furanni da xiphoid nada ganye ba su fita waje. Amma launi rasberi na fure tare da ruwan hoda mai haske mai haske da filayen obovate da yawa suna jan hankalin jan hankali zuwa inflorescences watercolor.
Babiana tana da ƙanshi (Turaban kamshida aka sani da babiana mai nada (Babiana plicata)) - kuma kyakkyawan kyakkyawan hoto tare da matsakaici, sikari mai duhu na launin kore mai duhu da harbe madaidaiciya. M lanceolate bracts na kara kyau da kyawawan kyawawan furannin furanni tare da kunkuntar furanni mai cike da fadi. Launuka masu kyau na ruwan kwalliya suna ja layi ta hanyar launin rawaya ko fari a kan abubuwan samarin.
A cikin sayar da karafa, galibi, ana wakilta shi ta hanyar haɗakar zaɓi na Yaren mutanen Holland waɗanda ke ɗauke da kwararan fitila da launuka daban-daban. Musamman shahararrun abubuwa ne gaurayawan "Yayan da "Sabbin hanyoyin shiga jiki"kodayake masu samar da kayayyaki daban-daban na iya samun halayen shuka daban-daban. Zaɓin ɗan adon da aka yi amfani da shi cikin kundin adireshin an yi shi gwargwadon yanayin launi na furanni.
Babiana madaidaiciya (Tsarin Babiana).
Babiana jan-shuɗi (Babiana rubrocyanea).
Turare mai ban sha'awa (Babiana fragrans).
Yanayi don haɓaka dakin yara
Ban da lokacin sanyi mai kyau kafin fure, abiabilar ba za ta buƙaci kowane yanayi mai wahala ba don yanayin yanayin gida. Wannan tsire-tsire ne na hoto da zafi, ba ma capricious ba, na iya girma a kowane ɗaki.
Dangane da tsarin haɓaka, bunko sune yawan boan adam daga yawan gida. Bayan fure, tsire-tsire a hankali ya shiga cikin lokacin bushewa, bayan da aka watsa shi cikin sabon kwantena, sanya shi cikin sanyi har sai harbe ya bayyana kuma aka fitar dashi cikin zafi da haske lokacin ciyayi.
Akwai kuma saukin sauƙaƙawa na haɓaka - ba tare da matattarar ƙaura ba, lokacin da aka jefa kwararan fitila don amfanin fure guda sannan a jefar da shi. A wannan yanayin, zazzage nan da nan bayan an dasa shuki an sanya shi cikin yanayi na haɓaka mai aiki kuma ya kasance a cikin su har sai fure.
Haske da sanya wuri a ciki
Kyakkyawan haske yana da mahimmanci ga dattako a koyaushe, sai dai don waɗannan watanni lokacin da tsire-tsire ya kasance a cikin ƙasa mara amfani da bushewar ƙasa. An warwatsa, amma haske mai haske don 'yan babians an kirkiresu kuma ana kiyaye su a cikin hunturu, bayan dasa, da kuma lokacin da ake ci gaba da fa'ida, kuma har zuwa ƙarshen fure da faɗuwar ganye. Haske na wannan kwan fitila ya kamata yayi daidai da haske. Amma karami yana da kariya sosai daga tsakar rana.
Babiana an girma musamman akan taga sills, a cikin hunturu da shuka ya amsa gaskiya ma ga haske (tare da canzawa a lokacin fure), amma haske mai haske ya fi dacewa da ita. A kan windows windows, wannan bulbous ba shi da matsala, zai fi kyau sanya baburan a gaban windows ko yamma.
Kyakkyawan haske ya wajaba ga manya koda yaushe, sai dai lokacin hutawa.
Zazzabi da iska
A lokacin girma girma, babian tana jin daɗin yanayin zafi a daki, baya jin zafi, kodayake yana ƙaruwa tsawon yanayin zafi daga 20 zuwa 23 digiri Celsius. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na wannan al'ada ya fi iyakance + 28 ° C.
Baboons suna buƙatar lokacin sanyi don shirya don fure. An sanya shuka a zazzabi kusan 10 digiri Celsius nan da nan bayan dasa, yana barin ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi kafin harbi ya fara girma. Bayan haka, ana canza shuka zuwa ɗakin yanayin zafi na al'ada da yanayin da aka saba.
Babiana yana daya daga cikin tilasta kwararan fitila kula da canjin yanayi mai kaifi. A mataki na budding da fure, ba ta yarda da zane-zane ba, amma rashin isasshen iska ba ya amfanuwa da wannan kyakkyawa. Rage iska tare da kariya ga shuka ya kamata ya zama yadda ya kamata.
Kulawar Yara a Gida
Ba za ku iya kiran akuya da wahalar kula da albasa ba, amma a al'adar cikin gida ya fi ɗanɗana busasshiyar iska. Ana gudanar da ruwa a hankali kuma bisa ga ma'aunin tsari, kuma sutturar miya ba ta buƙatar dabaru na musamman. Kulawa na yau da kullun, wanda shuka ke buƙata a lokacin da ciyayi ke aiki, yana yiwuwa har ma ga lambu da ba ƙwarewa ba. Babiana ya dace wa waɗanda suke so su san abubuwan fasalin girma da tsirrai a cikin al'adun cikin gida.
Watering da zafi
A lokacin girma girma, babian na bukatar aiki mai yawa da ruwa mai dumu-dumu cikin aminci da kyakkyawan haske. Ba a yarda a bushe ƙasa gaba ɗaya ba, bushewa tsakanin ban ruwa kawai saman Layer na substrate a cikin tankuna. Yana da kyau a magudana ruwan kai tsaye bayan ban ruwa. Tare da kyakkyawan malalewa, za a iya shayar da karar ba ta hanyar gargajiya ba, amma ta hanyar sanya jaka a cikin ruwa don ciyar da kasar gona.
Bayan fure, a hankali a rage yawan ruwa a duka mita da kuma yawan ruwa, a daidaita su har sai tushe da ganye su mutu, an daina hana ruwa sosai. Kwararan fitila a cikin cikakken cikakken dormancy ba a shayar da kwatankwacinsu, ana sa su cikin cikakken bushe gaba ɗaya kafin dasawa.
Yayin zaman ku a cikin sanyin tare da shawo kan ruwa kuna buƙatar yin hankali sosai. A kasar gona kada ta kasance bushe gabaɗaya a wannan lokacin, amma ba a ke so a cire matsayin ɗan ƙasa sama da iyakar zafin zafi. Aikin ci gaba na tushen yana goyan bayan rare, ba yalwatacce da kuma cikakken ban ruwa. Za'a ci gaba da ruwa na yau da kullun bayan an ɗauki tsire-tsire zuwa cikin zafi.
Babiana yana kula da bushewar iska kuma yana aiki da yanayi mai laima. Dankin ya fi son zama a gida tare da alamun alatu daga kashi 50%. Don 'yan Ba'abiyya, duk da gefen ganyayyaki, zaka iya amfani da feshin mai tsabta daga nesa mai nisa. A lokacin rani, ana iya yin spraying yau da kullun. Dankin yana jin daɗi yayin shigar da kowane rukunin gida, ciki har da trays tare da gansar rigar.
Kwararan fitila na tsoho.
Ciyar da takin zamani
Tashar takin zamani na 'yan dabino an gabatar dasu a cikin tsarin cigaba mai aiki. Don shuka, 1 ciyar a cikin makonni 3-4 ya isa.
Don 'yan Babi, suna amfani da takin zamani don kwararan fitila, ko kuma aƙalla abubuwan gaurayawa don amfanin gona na fure - tare da babban abun da ke cikin foda da potassium. A lokacin rani, ana iya aiwatar da miya 1-2 tare da takin gargajiya.
Girma da gyaran fuska
Don wannan shuka, kawai cire lokacin bushe bushe ganye da peduncle za a buƙaci. Babian ya zubar da ganyayyakirsa a lokacin girma, yana girma da girma a bayan kore bayan harbin. An yanke ganyen bushe da kyau tare da wuka mai kaifi.
Dasawa da canza ruwa
Kwararan fitila a cikin cikakken cikakken dormancy ba a shayar da kwatankwacinsu, ana sa su cikin cikakken bushe gaba ɗaya kafin dasawa. Ana dasa bishiyoyin a shekara kowace shekara. Narkar da kwararan fitila bayan ciyawar ta mutu da kuma kiyaye su a bayan ƙasa ba shine mafi kyawun dabarar ba, saboda zaku iya rasa kayan dasa, kuma babiana shine mafi kyawun adana a cikin busassun ƙasa. Bayan ƙarshen lokacin bushe dormancy mai bushe, a cikin Oktoba, a lokacin furanni na al'ada, an cire karafa daga tsohon akwati, an bincika, cire bushe da lalatattun wuraren tushen da sikeli, aka dasa shi cikin sabon kayan maye.
Ba a taɓa yin kiwo a cikin kwantena. Selectedarancin tukwane tare da diamita na 10 zuwa 15 cm aka zaɓi a gare su, suna sanya tsire-tsire cikin rukuni na kwararan fitila 4-5.
Haske, yashi mai sauƙaƙe tare da ƙaramin sikila ya fi dacewa don babiana. Don wannan al'ada, zaku iya zaɓar azaman ƙasa na musamman don kwararan fitila ko abubuwan maye, ko yin cakuda ƙasa. Cakudawar al'ada da aka daidaita daidai na turf ƙasa da yashi tare da ƙari na itace ash ko abincin ƙashi ya dace da babian, har da cakuda a cikin sassan daidai da kayan duniya tare da yashi. Sauran jami'ai masu rarrabuwar kawuna, kamar perlite, kuma za'a iya ƙara su a cikin substrate.
Babban malalen ruwa dole ne a dage a kasan tankokin. Lokacin dasa nono, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa corms ba su sadu da ko dai bangon kwandon ko tare da juna ba, barin sarari don sakin yara da yawa. Zurfin dasa shuki don kwararan fitila babiana kusan 5 cm (sau biyu yana kwararan kwararan fitila).
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli girma
Tsoho wanda ya haɗu da ɗaki da matsayin lambun kuma yana ciyar da lokacin bazara a cikin iska mai kyau yakan kasance yana haifar da haɓakar haɓakar cututtukan halayyar gladioli - fusariosis, launin ruwan ƙasa mai lalacewa, ƙyanƙyasai, da tushen albasa ko kuma ƙwayar farin ciki mai son wannan shuka.
A cikin al'adun daki, zai iya fama da kwari da lalacewa a cikin ƙasa sakamakon ruwa na ƙasa. Idan akwai matsala, tono ma'amalar gaggawa tare da lura da lalacewa daidai wannan sikari ne mai mahimmanci don tanadin shuka kamar magani na gaba tare da fungicides da kwari.
Baza'a iya samun ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin baƙaƙen babro ba.
Matsalolin girma gama gari:
- tsinkayi ko tsinkayi girma lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe ko a lokacin sanyi;
- bayyanar rigar launin ruwan kasa a kan ganyayyaki tare da tara ruwa da dampness.
Akalla kwararan fitila babiana 5-7 ana dasa su a cikin tukunya ɗaya.
Kiwo babiana
Wannan kwan fitila za a iya samun sauƙin saboda saboda samuwar 'yar kwararan fitila. Kasuwancin na kusa da rabuwa yayin dasawa, dasa shuki iri daya a cikin kwantena daban daban daidai da ka'idodi iri daya da manyan kwararan fitila.
Kuna iya samun sabon ƙarni na samari daga tsaba waɗanda ke daure ko da yanayin ɗakin. Gaskiya ne, wannan zaɓi takamaiman ne kuma yana buƙatar lokaci mai yawa. Daga tsintsin tsintsiya za su yi fure ba a baya ba kafin shekara ta uku ko ta hudun. Za'ayi shuka kamar yadda aka tsara a cikin tsarin yashi mai haske a karkashin gilashin ko fim kai tsaye bayan girbi ko kuma farkon bazara.
