Home Tushen Orchid (Mini, asu-like) 'yan qasar ne zuwa kudu maso gabashin Asiya, arewacin Australia da Philippines. A dabi'a, wannan dabi'ar tayi girma a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi a kan dogayen bishiyoyi ko kankara. Fulatan furanni suna zuwa yaduwar wannan nau'in a gida, saboda wannan shine ɗayan shahararrun orchids. Kyakkyawan kula da fure a gida yana tabbatar da cewa ba za ku sami tambayoyi game da yadda ake shayarwa ko dasa orchid ba.
Menene phalaenopsis yayi kama
Yawancin orchidsgirma a gida yanzu, Waɗannan su ne nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta na phalaenopsis. Godiya ga wannan nau'in, orchid daga tsire mai ban mamaki ya zama gida, ana samun su don furanni masu girma. Phalaenopsis yana jan hankalin mutane da yawa tare da kyawawan furanninta masu haske waɗanda basu faɗuwa na dogon lokaci kuma suna girma sau da yawa.
Furanni na furen fure mai kyau shine ya sanya ya zama sananne tsakanin yan lambuFuren furannin Phalaenopsis suna kan gada mai tsayi. Furen yana da filayen fure da kuma lebe mai kafa uku. Furanni ya kai diamita na 5 zuwa 12, 5 cm.
Dukkanin nau'ikan ƙwayoyin phalaenopsis
Phalaenopsis yana da adadin adadin kudade masu yawa. Kowannensu yana da takamaiman bayyanar da fasalin furanni.
Mini dwarf
Aturearamin abu (idan ba dwarf) kallon phalaenopsis ya kai girman kusan 20 cm, diamita ta fure bata wuce cm 10. Blooms a cikin hunturu na wata daya.
Amabilis
Wannan kallon orchid mai kyan gani fure daga kaka zuwa bazara, amma yana faruwa tsawon shekara guda. Ganyayyaki masu laushi suna da haske, furannin fure suna da fari fari. Sau da yawa yana samar da ƙafa biyu.
Schiller
Tall shuka tare da shinge mai shinge. Furanni masu matsakaici ne. Launi - daga ruwan hoda mai duhu zuwa shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da ɗigon ja. Ganyen suna duhu kore da aibobi masu kyau. Blooms na watanni biyu.
Ruwan hoda
Tana da ganye mai elongated da gajeren zango. Game da ƙananan furanni 12-15 waɗanda ke da girman kusan cm 3 girma a farfajiya furanni furanni suna da ƙoshin ruwan hoda mai ƙyalƙyali.
Sander
Iya Bloom duk shekara, bazara da bazara - ganyen fure.
Tsarin nau'in rarest phalaenopsis. Dogon zango na iya ɗaukar furanni 15 zuwa 50. Ganyen suna da yawa, koren duhu. Launin launuka daga fari zuwa ruwan hoda.
Stuart
Furannin furanni masu fararen furanni masu launin shuɗi. Dogayen ganye suna da tsarin azurfa a waje, kuma a bayan su shuɗi ne mai duhu. Itaciya tana rataye tana ɗaukar furanni da yawa. Babban lokacin furanni daga watan Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu.
Phalaenopsis Stuart - nau'ikan da ke ɗaukar furanni da yawa a kan shingeGiant
Mafi girma nau'in phalaenopsis orchid. Manyan ganye masu tsayi na iya zuwa mita 1 a tsayi. Itace mai fure mai tsayi tana kama daga furanni 15 zuwa 30. Furannin suna zagaye., ƙanshi na Citrus kuma yana iya zama launin rawaya mai haske ko tsami tare da ɗigon ruwan mm.
Doki
Da gaske blooms a kaka. Furanni masu haske da shunayya da violet masu ƙanƙane a cikin girman - 2-3 cm a diamita. Peduncle yayi tsayi yayin fure tare da isowar sababbin furanni.
Luddemann
Furanni na wannan nau'in suna da ƙanshi, rawaya tare da dige ja ko ratsi. Adult shuke-shuke Bloom duk shekara, kolo na fure yana cikin bazara. Peduncles tsawo, bar elongated haske kore.
Luddemann ya bambanta da sauran orchids ta yadda zai iya yin fure duk shekaraKulawar gida: microclimate da yadda ake kulawa
Orchid ana ɗaukarsa wani fure mai ban sha'awa ne, wanda ba mai sauƙin kulawa ba. Wasu nau'in za a iya samun gogaggen lambu. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a san yadda ake ƙirƙirar microclimate madaidaiciya don maganin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin gida.
Zaɓin Wiwi
Wace tukunya don zaɓar - yumbu ko filastik ya dogara da ɗanɗano. Kowane nau'in tanki na da nasa da abubuwan ci.
| tukunyar yumbu | more barga, kayan sa damar fitar da danshi mara amfani da ƙananan zafin jiki na ƙasa a ciki |
| tataccen filastik tukunya | babban zaɓi launuka da sifofi, a cikin irin tukwane na orchids da wuya a shayar dasu; amma salts mai cutarwa daga ƙasa baya sha, sabanin yumɓu |
| share tukunyar filastik | mafi yawan zaɓi na yau da kullun, yana ba ku damar bin yanayin yanayin substrate da asalinsu |
Ilasa don Phalaenopsis
A cikin shagunan, ana sayar da ƙasa na musamman don Phalaenopsis orchids. Jin kyauta don amfani dashi don haɓaka wannan nau'in orchid.
Hakanan zaka iya yin musanya kanka gidaje daga abubuwan da ke ƙasa: haushi na itace + ƙari - perlite (yana da iska da ƙarfin danshi) + gawayi + sphagnum moss.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Phalaenopsis shine orchid na thermophilic. A duk shekara, yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kamata ya zama aƙalla digiri 18.
Matakin Haske
Phalaenopsis yana haƙuri da inuwa da kyau. A lokacin rani suna buƙatar ɓoyewa daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Wurin windowsill ko wani wuri kusa da taga wanda rana ba ta haskakawa ba ya dace da orchid.
Hakanan za'a iya sanya su ƙarƙashin fitilun fitila.
Idan ganyayyaki ya zama haske, har ma da rawaya - wannan adadin haske ne; mai duhu, ganye maras ban sha'awa yana nuna cewa orchid, ya yi akasin haka, ba shi da walƙiya.
Watering tsirrai
Phalaenopsis orchid yana buƙatar kula da substrate koyaushe m, amma ba waterlogged. A cikin hunturu, shayar ƙasa da sau da yawa. Duba madadin bushewa da yatsa.
Kada ku dame rigar substrate tare da waterlogged - karshen yana da haɗari ga furenAbin da ruwa
Gara a shayar amfani da ruwa mai laushi - ruwan sama ko ruwa ya ratsa cikin matatar. Ruwa ya kamata ya kasance da yawan zafin jiki a daki.
Kada ku yi amfani da ruwa mai taushi da reagents. dangane da soda.
Yadda ake ruwa
Ruwa da tsirrai da safe. Yi amfani da ruwa na iya ruwa. Sanya orchid din a cikin matattarar ruwa ko a kan kwalin kashin, a shayar da shi kan daukacin abin da ke ciki har sai ruwa ya fara bulbula daga ramuka a cikin tukunyar.
Don orchids waɗanda ke girma a cikin kwantena masu ɗauri ko fara girma bayan haƙar ma'amala, yi amfani da hanyar nutsarwa. Sanya tukunya cikin ruwa har sai ya kai saman ƙasa. Sannan a cire tukunyar sannan a jira ruwa ya malale.
Jin zafi
Orchids suna buƙatar ƙarin iska mai laushi fiye da sauran tsire-tsire. Don kula da yanayin zafi da ake buƙata don phalaenopsis, ya wajaba a fesa ganyensa a saka ɗamara taushi.
Takin
Don haɓaka mai kyau, buƙatar orchids potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen da abubuwa masu alama. Dukkansu suna cikin takin zamani na tsirrai na cikin gida. Wadannan kwayoyi sun dace da abinci mai kyau na orchid. Amma tuna, orchids suna buƙatar ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki.
Nono ba magani bane, daga wuce gona da iri na recharge girma ke raguwa, kuma ganyayyaki ya lalace.
Ciyarwa shine mafi yawan lokuta kawai a lokacin girma, a cikin bazara. A cikin hunturu, ba a buƙatar saka suturar miya mafi girma.
Mai jan tsami
Bayan fure duk furanni wilted an cire su da kyau, kuma an yanke farfajiya a gindi. Amma tunda phalaenopsis na iya ba da peduncle na biyu, na farko ya isa ya gajarta a ƙasa da matakin fure na ƙarshe.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da Trimming tare da kayan aiki don hana kamuwa da cuta.Ana cire tsohuwar tsohuwar ganye mai duhu gaba ɗaya, kuma an yanke ƙarshen bushe tare da almakashi.
Juyin halittar Phalaenopsis
Canjin Phalaenopsis orchid yakamata ya kasance cikin yanayin gaggawa. Babban dalilan dasawa:
- shuka ya zama gauraya a cikin tukunya, Tushen suna waje;
- kewaya na canzawa: bazuwar haushi;
- waterlogging na shuka.
Mafi dacewa lokacin dasawa shine bazara.
Yadda ake juyawa - kyakkyawar koyarwar mataki-mataki
Samun wani lokacin zaku iya dasawa a cikin tukunyar, amma zaku iya ɗaukar akwati tare da diamita ɗan ƙaramin girma.
Mataki na 1 Shirya tukunya. Zuba ruwan magudanan ruwa zuwa kasan. Don wannan, baƙaƙe, shards na tukwane ko guda na polystyrene sun dace. Gaba, zuba karamin Layer na substrate.
Mataki 2. Shirya shuka. Juya tukunya a gefenta kuma a hankali ta cire shukar. Tsaftace tushen tsohuwar substrate kuma kurkura su da ruwa mai ɗumi. Yankatattun Tushen Gishirin Yanke.
A cikin akwati kuma ba a yanke tushen daskararren iska wanda ke fita a Phalaenopsis.
Mataki na 3. Mun gyara orchid a cikin ƙasa. Matsayi shuka a tsakiyar kuma a hankali fada barci a kan kõwane tare da substrate. Ganyen da suka girma a waje, suma su bar waje, a cikin ƙasa za su lalace.
Misalin orchid da ke tsakiya a cikin tukunya kuma aka haɗa shi da ɗan ruwaMataki na 4 Muna ƙara substrate. Needsasa tana buƙatar murƙushe kaɗan, amma ba tamped. Matsa tukunyar domin ƙasa ta zauna ya shimfiɗa ta a hankali.
Mataki 5. Idan ya cancanta - ɗaure da orchid ɗin a sanda na itacen bamboo.
Bayan dasawa, cire tsire zuwa wani wurin da hasken rana kai tsaye bai taba shi ba. Lura da matsakaiciyar shayarwa da fesa. Bayan sati biyu zuwa uku, zaku iya dawo da shuka zuwa inda suka saba.
Sake haifuwa a gida: yadda ake samun tsiro ko jariri
A cikin phalaenograph, yara sun bayyana a farfaji. Kodan yana jefa ganye, sannan sai gaɓoɓin jirgi ya bayyana a kansa. Sai bayan bayyanar tushen iska ne za'a iya dasa jariri.
Jariri wanda aka dasa tare da wani ɓangaren peduncle an shuka shi a cikin tukunya dabanAn yanke jariri tare da wani ɓangaren peduncle kuma an dasa shi a cikin wata tukunya daban, an bar tushen jikewa a farfajiya.
Hakanan ana iya yaduwa Orchid ta hanyar yan itace. Bayan orchid ya yi fure, kitse mai kitse a yanka fure ko fure. Raba shi a cikin sassan don haka a tsakiyar kowane ɗaya ya kasance koda.
An kirkiro yanayin gidan Green don tsiro na buds: suna sanya cuttings a kan m sphagnum gansakuka, rufe su da filastik ko gilashin jita-jita da sanya su a cikin wurin dumi. Sprouted cuttings ana shuka su ne a ƙasa tare da yanki a ƙasa.
Mafi hanyar da ba kasafai ake amfani da ita ba - rarraba mafita. Ya dace da manya manyan orchids tare da ganyen 6-8. Yanke saman shuka tare da ganye 4-5 da tushe na iska. Shuka sakamakon da aka harba a cikin sabuwar tukunya.
Hakanan za'a iya yada Phalaenopsis tare da taimakon tsaba. Amma saboda ƙarancin girman su, wannan aiki ne mai wahala kuma kawai zai yiwu a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Cututtuka da parasites na phalaenopsis na cikin gida
Wani orchid ba ƙasa da sauran furanni na cikin gida wanda ke iya kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban da kuma harin cututtukan dabbobi. Da ke ƙasa zamuyi magana game da bayyanar cututtuka a cikin fure da yadda zaka magance su.
Cutar fure
Ganyen launin ruwan kasa
Ta faru ne sakamakon kwayar cutar Pseudomonas shanuyae. Bar ganye ya juya launin fari, sannan yayi duhu. Ganyen ganye ya shafa ya zama dunƙule, ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ciki. Yankunan da aka shafa in ya yiwu bukatar yanke.
Tushen da abin ya shafa ya zama tilas a cire shi.Grey rot na fure
Tsire-tsire suna saukin kamuwa da yanayin zazzabi, ƙarancin zafi da rashin isasshen iska. Wanda ake kira da Botrytis cinerea. Furewar furanni yawanci ana shafa su. Dankuna masu launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa tare da gefuna masu ruwan hoda suna bayyana a filin. Furanni masu cire fure.
Baki dame
Sau da yawa yana shafar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. Wata mummunar cuta da ta haifar da naman gwari. Da farko, rots ganye - duhu mai duhu yana bayyana tare da iyaka mai haske. Bugu da ari, rot ɗin ya bazu zuwa asalin sa. Sanadin wannan cuta: waterlogged substrate, low dakin zazzabi, high zafi.
Haka kuma cutar na iya wuce wa ɗ ancan furanni waɗanda ba sa iya saurin kamuwa da ruwa.
Ganyen Rotten da aka yanka a ƙasa da tabo. Idan rot ya wuce zuwa rhizome - dole ne a lalata.
Kwayoyin cuta - abin da za a aiwatar don kariya
Aphids
Yana shafar harbe da fure. An dasa shuka da plaque da duhu mold. Wanke ruwa da ruwa ko sabulu na maganin kashe kwari.
Ganyen da aphids ke shafawa an rufe su da launin shuɗi da duhuGizo-gizo gizo-gizo (ko alamar fatalwa)
Yadu a cikin ɗakuna masu yawan zafin jiki da iska mai bushe. Ganyen suna bayyana akan ganyayyaki, wani lokacin kuma yanar gizo mai bakin ciki. Don gyara matsalar - shuka sau ɗaya a mako a magance tare da maganin sabulu mai maganin kwari.
Thrips
Bayyanar silsilar azurfa da aibobi akan furanni da ganye. Isa ya isa ya rabu da kwari fesa tare da maganin sabulu mai kashe kwari.
Garkuwa
Kwayoyin cuta (launin ruwan kasa da launin toka) suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace a saman ganyayyaki, hakan yana sa su faɗi. An cire su tare da zane da aka sanyaya cikin maganin sabulu mai maganin kwari.
Lokacin da aka gano wani ganye mai fure tare da furen fure, ɗauki matakan kai tsaye! Furannin furanni na kusa ma suna cikin haɗariMealybug
Insectsan fararen fata suna zaune a cikin kwarin ganyayyaki kuma akan ƙasa. Leaf ya bushe da tsiron ya daina girma. Hanyar gwagwarmaya iri ɗaya ce tare da garkuwa.
Orchid baya fure. Abinda yakamata ayi
Idan phalaenopsis orchid bai yi fure na dogon lokaci ba, kar a daina. Dalili guda na wannan na iya zama yanayin zafin rana. Phalaenopsis yana buƙatar bambanci aƙalla digiri 5 tsakanin yanayin zafin rana da na dare. Gwada matsar da tukunya zuwa wuri mai sanyaya.
Yadda ake shuka asalinsu
Idan phalaenopsis ya rasa babban sashin tushen, hanyoyin sake tsinkaye sune kamar haka:
Mun sanya shuka a cikin tukunya mai ma'ana tare da cakuda haushi da gansakuka, a kasan mun sanya fadadden yumbu da aka fadada. Mun sanya tukunya a cikin wuri mai dumi, mai amfani sosai, kula da laima. Dole ne a yayyafa mai a kowane rana, ba tare da shiga cikin mafita ba.
Misalin wani kayan cakuda wanda ya kunshi cakuda haushi da gansakukaFesa da ganye yanki rauni taki bayani (sau daya a kowane mako biyu).
Amfani da gidan kore
An ɗauko babban akwati mai ban sha'awa, a ƙasa muna sanya lãka da aka faɗaɗa, mossar sphagnum. An saka orchid akan gansakuka da kuma ɗaure. Rufe tare da jaka ko murfi na gaskiya.
Babban yanayi - Isasshen adadin haske, zazzabi mai zafi, zafi (amma ba damp) ba, iska ta yau da kullun.
Girma a ruwa
Hakanan ana iya ɗaure orchid zuwa tulu ko jirgin ruwa na ruwa don haka domin tushen wuyansa ya taɓa ruwan kadan. Canza ruwa sau ɗaya a mako. An sanya su a cikin wuri mai dumi da haske.
Lokacin da aka girma da kyau cikin ruwa, Tushen daɗaɗɗa danshi.Phalaenopsis orchids suna da tsire-tsire masu launuka iri-iri. Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin abubuwan da suke ciki., Babban abu shine kulawa da su daidai. Girma phalaenopsis da kallon furensa babban abin farin ciki ne!
